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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Define breathing (ventilation).
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The movement from air from outside of the body into the bronchial tree and the alveoli.
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What actions are responsible for breathing?
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Inspiration (inhaling) and expiration (exhaling).
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What force moves air into the lungs?
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Atmospheric pressure due to the weight of the air.
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What is the measurement of atmospheric pressure?
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760 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury)
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What does intra-alveolar pressure decrease due to?
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Enlargement of the thoracic cavity
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Decreases to 758 mm Hg |
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What forces are responsible for normal resting expiration?
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Elastic recoil of lung tissues and surface tension.
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What happens during expiration?
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The factors that cause respiration (surface tension and elastic recoil from lungs) increase alveolar pressure 1 mm Hg above atmospheric pressure, forcing air out of lungs.
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What do different degrees of effort in breathing do?
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Moves different volumes of air in and out of lungs.
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What is the measurement of volumes called?
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Spirometry.
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What is minute ventilation?
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The volume of new atmospheric air moved into respiratory passages each minute.
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Equation for alveolar ventilation rate.
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TV (tidal volume) - dead space / RR (breathing rate)
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The volume of air that reaches the alveoli is...?
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Alveolar ventilation rate.
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Air movements other than breathing are called...?
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Non respiratory movements
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What do non respiratory movements do?
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Clear passageways (coughing or sneezing) or express emotion (laughing and crying)
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Describe the respiratory system.
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Consists of passages that filter incoming air and transport it to the body, lungs, and microscopic air sacs.
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What is respiration?
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The process of exchanging gases between the atmosphere and body cells.
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What events make up respiration?
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Ventilation, external respiration, transport of gases, internal respiration, cellular respiration.
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How are the organs of the respiratory system divided?
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Into an upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract.
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What are sinuses?
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Air filled spaces in certain bones of the skull.
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What are functions of the sinus?
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Decrease the relative weight of the front of the face, influence pitch of voice, provide a buffer for a strike to the face, insulate sensitive structures.
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