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10 Cards in this Set
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normal endothelial cell properties
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anti-inflamatory
resist leukocyte adhesion promote vasodilaiton (release of NO) laminar flow protect vs ROS via SOD |
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what is an atheroma?
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a atherosclerotic lesion, which is a fibroinflammatory lipid plaque
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stages of plaque development
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1st stage: fatty streak
LDLs are excreted into the intima btwn endo and CT macrophages get into intima and ingest LDLs and become Foam cells apoptosis occurs that forms necrotic regions as plaque develops it can rupture, exposing collagen to platelets, platelets adhere and thrombus forms |
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causes of endo dysfunction
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HTN and smoking- cause LDLs to more into subintima, modified by ROS, ingested by macrophage
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matix metalloproteinases MMPs
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released by foam cells, involved in breakdown of collagen ECM
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foam cell secretions:
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PDGF, TNFa, IL-1, TGFb- cause Smooth muscle cells to proliferate and swell
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Thrombogenic lipid core
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has a large fibrous protective cap, when cap ruptures, new angiogenic vessesl will begin to leak and cause thrombus
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plaque progression
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initial lesion
fatty streaks intermediate lesion atheroma fibroatheroma complicated lesion |
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Vulnerable plaques:
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weak fibrous cap, regaion between cap and vessel is most vulnerable part for rupture
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clinical sequela of atherosclerosis
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increase in rigidity of arteries due to calcification
rupture leads to thrombus-->embolism aneurysm |
