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38 Cards in this Set

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Why do PTAs need to be familiar with CARDIOLOGY?
Physical Therapist Assistants need to be familiar with terminology and abbreviations associated with cardiac patients in order to treat them safely and effectively
The Physiology of a Heartbeat

Two Heartbeat Phases
Systole (contraction)
Diastole (resting period)
Myocardium

Diseases?
Acute coronary syndrome
Angina pectoris
Cardiomegaly
Cardiomyopathy
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Myocardial infarction (MI)
Heart Valves and Layers of the Heart

Diseases?
Endocarditis – bacterial infection
Murmur – blood leaking at the valve
Pericarditis
Rheumatic heart disease – autoimmune response to viral infection that attacks the valves
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) – B/W L atrium and L ventricle
Conduction System

Diseases?
Arrhythmia
Bradycardia
Cardiac arrest - asystole
Fibrillation – fast, uncoordinated quivering
Palpitation – uncomfortable feeling with premature contraction
Premature contraction
Tachycardia
Blood Vessels

Diseases?
Aneurysm – abnormal dilation in the vessel
Arteriosclerosis – narrowing with plaque
Bruit- heart sound with artery narrowing
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
Hypertension (HTN)
Hypotension
Peripheral artery disease (PAD)
Blood Vessels

DIseases
Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
Phlebitis – inflammation of the vein
Raynaud’s phenomenon
Varicose veins
Hyperlipidemia
Heart Procedures
Cardiac catheterization — evaluates the right or left side of the heart
Electrocardiography (ECG, EKG) — records the electrical activity of the heart during contractions and rest
Electrophysiologic study (EPS) — maps the heart’s conduction system in patients with arrhythmias
Electrocardiography (ECG, EKG)
records the electrical activity of the heart during contractions and rest
Electrophysiologic study (EPS)
maps the heart’s conduction system in patients with arrhythmias
Acute coronary syndrome
Angina pectoris
Cardiomegaly
Cardiomyopathy
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Myocardial infarction (MI)
Pertain to the Myocardium
Heart Valves and Layers of the Heart

Endocarditis
bacterial infection
Heart Valves and Layers of the Heart

Murmur
blood leaking at the valve
Heart Valves and Layers of the Heart

Rheumatic heart disease
autoimmune response to viral infection that attacks the valves
Heart Valves and Layers of the Heart

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
B/W L atrium and L ventricle
Conduction System

Disrupt rhythm?
Arrhythmia
Bradycardia
Cardiac arrest - asystole
Tachycardia
Conduction System
Fibrillation
fast, uncoordinated quivering
Conduction System

Palpitation
uncomfortable feeling with premature contraction
Conduction System

Premature contraction
muscular
Blood Vessels

Aneurysm
abnormal dilation
Blood Vessels

Arteriosclerosis
narrowing with plaque
Blood Vessels

Bruit- heart sound
with artery narrowing
Blood Vessels

Phlebitis
inflammation of the vein
Blood Vessels

Hyperlipidemia
high cholesterol
Heart Procedures


Cardiac catheterization
evaluates the right or left side of the heart
Heart Procedures

Electrocardiography (ECG, EKG)
records the electrical activity of the heart during contractions and rest
Heart Procedures

Electrophysiologic study (EPS)
maps the heart’s conduction system in patients with arrhythmias
Surgical Procedures

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
procedure to bypass an occluded coronary artery and restore blood flow to the myocardium
Surgical Procedures

Heart transplantation
procedure to remove a severely damaged heart from a patient with end stage heart failure and insert a new heart from a donor
Surgical Procedures

Pacemaker insertion
an automated device is implanted to control the heart rate and rhythm
Hematology?
the healthcare specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the blood through tests, procedures, and drugs
Immunology?
the healthcare specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the lymphatic system through tests, procedures, and drugs
Blood Cells

Erythrocyte?
Red blood cell
Blood Cells

Leukocyte?
White blood cell
The lymphatic system

Consists of
lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, lymph fluid, the spleen, and the thymus
The lymphatic system

Forms a pathway of ...?
lymphatic vessels and nodes throughout the body
The lymphatic system

Defends the body against...?
invading microorganisms and cancerous cells
The lymphatic system

Shares two particular types of blood cells known as?
lymphocytes and macrophages (white blood cells)