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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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amount of blood pumped from left ventricle with each beat
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stroke volume
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amount of blood pumped per min.
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cardiac output
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amount of blood filling the left ventricle is reflected in the.....
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preload
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the_______reflects the reistance to flow of blood across the aortic valve or through the blood vessels
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afterload
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increases heart rate
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epinephrine
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increases force of contraction
(neurochemical means) |
norepinephrine
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sympathetic receptors divided into alpha and beta receptors do what to the heart?
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stimulate it to work harder or faster
therefore beta and alpha blockers block these receptors reducing workload of the heart. |
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parasympathetic nervous system has neurotransmitters that do what?
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decrease the heart rate.
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sympathetic: Adrenergic receptors cause what?
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increased blood pressure, vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, decreased blood flow to kidneys, and other effects. FLIGHT OF FLIGHT RESPONSE.
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cardiac output=
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heart rate X stroke volume
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ejection fraction or proportion that is pumped out=
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stroke volume/end diastolic volume of left ventricle
what is pumped out / what is still left in ventricle |
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what is a normal ejection fraction range?
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55-75
values below 40 indicate poor cardiac output because of impaired pumping action. values above 75 can indicate hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
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the normal rhythm of the cardiac contraction is initiated by the____ in the _____atrium
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Sinoatrial Node (SA) , right atrium
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