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20 Cards in this Set

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What is the most common type of bone in the body?
Long bones
What is the diaphysis of a long bone?
The central shaft (greek for growing between)
What is the central shaft of a long bone called?
Diahpysis
What is the cylindrical space within the diaphysis?
Medullary cavity
Where is the medullary cavity located, what is it often called, and what does it contain?
w/in the dipahysis; often called the marrow cavity, in adults it contains adipose tissue
What is the membrane that lines the medullary cavity?
Endosteum
What do the cells of the endosteum help do?
Help to remodel the medullary cavity during bone growth and repair.
What is the knobby region located at each end of a long bone?
Epiphysis
What is the epiphysis composed of?
Outer layer of compact bone and an inner layer of spongy bone.
What type of cartilage covers the epiphysis at a joint surface? What is its function
A hyaline cartilage called the articular cartilage; helps reduce friction and absorb shock in moveable joints.
What is the periosteum?
A tough sheath of dense irregular connective tissue that covers the outer surface of the bone, with the exception of areas covered by articular cartilage.
Pulling stress on the perisoteum causes bones to do what?
Increase in width
The highly vascular periosteum serves as a place for what?
tendon-muscle attachment to bone.
Where is the epiphyseal growth plate located?
Between the epiphysis and the diaphysis of long bones in most teens and kids.
What is the growth plate composed of?
Hyaline cartilage
What helps bone increase in length?
The epiphyseal growth plate
Explain the physiological process of the growth of bone.
The pituitary gland controls the mitotitc activity which produces cartilage which turns into bone.
The fracture of the proximal end of a long bone can do what to a child especially if the fracture occurs where?
Halter growth of the limb permanently; along the epiphyseal growth plate.
What is the difference between an epiphysis and a diaphysis?
Epiphysis: At the proximal ends of the bone.
Diaphysis: Central shaft of the bone
When the growth of a long bone is completed and ossification occurs between the epiphysis and the diaphysis, what is created?
An epiphyseal line.