• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Front

How to study your flashcards.

Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key

Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key

H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key

image

PLAY BUTTON

image

PLAY BUTTON

image

Progress

1/30

Click to flip

Card Range To Study

through

30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
1. S/S of Abdominal migraines?
a. Recurrent abdominal pain w/emesis
2. S/S of Appendicitis?
a. RLQ pain
b. Abdominal guarding
c. Rebound tenderness
3. S/S of Bacterial enterocolitis?
a. Diarrhoea (may be bloody)
b. Fever
c. Vomiting
4. S/S of Cholecystitis?
a. RUQ pain
5. S/S of DM?
a. Hx of polydipsia, polyuria, & wt. loss
6. S/S of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura HSP?
a. Purpuric lesions
b. Joint pain
c. Blood in urine
d. Guaiac positive stools.
7. S/S of Hepatitis?
a. RUQ pain and jaundice
8. S/S of Incarcerated hernia (inguinal)?
a. Inguinal mass
b. Lower abdominal or groin pain
c. Emesis
9. S/S of Intussusception?
a. Colicky abdominal pain and current jelly stools
10. S/S of Malrotation (w/volvulus)?
a. Abdominal distension
b. Bilious vomiting
c. Blood per rectum
d. Usually presents in infancy.
11. S/S of Nephrolithiasis?
a. Haematuria
b. Colicky abdominal pain
12. S/S of Pancreatitis?
a. Severe epigastric abdominal pain
b. Fever
c. Persistent vomiting.
13. S/S of Pneumonia?
a. Fever
b. Cough
c. Rales on auscultation of chest.
14. S/S of Small-bowel obstruction?
a. Emesis
b. Frequent hx of prior abdominal surgery
15. S/S of Streptococcal pharyngitis?
a. Fever
b. Sore throat
c. HA
16. S/S of Testicular Torsion?
a. Testicular pain and oedema
17. S/S of UTI in infants?
a. Fever
b. Vomiting
c. Diarrhoea
d. Back pain in older children
18. Volvulus?
a. Twisting of the mesentery of the SI leading to decreased vascular perfusion which results in ischaemia and ultimately bowel necrosis.
19. Intussusception?
a. A condition in which a proximal portion of the GI tract telescopes into an adjacent distal portion.
b. The most common location is ileocolic portion of the bowel.
20. Normal foetal development and rotation of SI?
a. First-Trimester: The growing intestine exits the abdominal cavity, elongates, and ultimately rotates 270 degrees in a counter-clockwise manner before returning into the abdomen.
b. Following normal intestinal rotation, the duodenojejunal junction (Ligament of Treitz) is fixed to the posterior body wall to the left of the spine.
21. Malrotation?
a. Occurs when intestinal rotation is incomplete during foetal development.
b. In cases of malrotation, the ligament of Treitz is located on the right side and the intestine may use the small portion of attached mesentery as axis to turn (volvulus) leading to ischaemia and possible necrosis.
22. Classic presentation of malrotation?
a. Infant w/bilious vomiting due to intestinal obstruction.
b. W/prolonged ischaemia, the bowel becomes necrotic and the pt may have melena or hematemesis.
c. May develop peritonitis, acidosis, and sepsis.
d. w/o surgical intervention, mortality is significant.
23. Malrotation w/either partial or intermittent volvulus?
a. May present w/recurrent abdominal pain or lymphatic congestion leading to failure to thrive because of malabsorption or chylous ascites.
b. Individuals may also have asymptomatic malrotation as an incidental finding.
24. Abdominal radiographs for Malrotation?
a. May be normal or have non-specific findings in the case of volvulus, thus an upper GI contrast series is generally indicated.
25. Characteristic findings on upper GI series for Volvulus?
a. "Corkscrew” pattern in duodenum
b. or
c. “Birds beak” of the 2nd or 3rd portions of the duodenum.
26. What may be noted w/contrasted radiography in cases of malrotation w/or w/o volvulus?
a. Abnormal position (right sided) of the ligament of Trietz or malposition of the colon may be noted.
27. Management of pts w/malrotation and volvulus?
a. Appropriate eval of fluid status as pts may have significant fluid loss w/electrolyte abnormalities.
b. Emergent surgical intervention.
c. Placement of a nasogastric tube to aid GI decompression
d. Initiation of parenteral abx.
28. Exploratory laparotomy for malrotation/volvulus?
a. Exploratory laparotomy is performed and bowel viability assessed.
b. Areas of necrotic bowel are removed and Ladd procedure of disengaging bowel with anomalous fixation and appendectomy are performed.
29. Complications of Exploratory laparotomy for malrotation/volvulus?
a. Short gut syndrome if a significant portion of necrotic bowel is removed
b. Adhesions may develop leading to obstruction.
30. Mortality rate for volvulus?
a. 5-10%.
b. Bc of the significant mortality associated w/volvulus, asymptomatic pts w/malrotation require surgical intervention.