- Shuffle
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Alphabetize
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Front First
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Both Sides
Toggle OnToggle Off
Front
How to study your flashcards.
Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key
Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key
H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key
PLAY BUTTON
PLAY BUTTON
60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the four types of tissues in the human body?
|
Epithelial, nervous, muscle, and connective
|
|
What makes up the digestive system?
|
mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines
|
|
What is physiology?
|
Study of the function of all structures
|
|
What is anatomy?
|
Study of actual parts and structures
|
|
What is the integummantory system?
|
Nail, skin, hair
|
|
What is the lymphatic system?
|
works with the immune system
|
|
What is the main role of the nervous system?
|
Transmit messages throughout the body
|
|
What do muscles do?
|
Allow for contraction/movement
|
|
What are three types of muscle tissue?
|
Skeletal muscles (voluntary), Cardiac (involuntary), smooth (involuntary)
|
|
What is the main role of connective tissue?
|
Hold things together, cushions and protects organs
Sparse cells that are surrounded by a non-living matrix |
|
What is the epithelial tissue?
|
Covers the entire body, protection, they line internal organs.
Many shapes, many layers, closely packed |
|
What does the epithelial system release?
|
Mucus, sweat, digestive enzymes
|
|
What is the two sides that that the human body has?
|
Ventral - front of body
Dorsal - back of body |
|
What is a human body cavity?
|
Hole in your body containing organs
|
|
What organs are contained in the dorsal cavities?
|
Vertebral column - spine
Cranial cavity- skull |
|
How many bones make up the human skeletal system?
|
206
|
|
What is the purpose of the skeletal system in our body?
|
Structural support, levers for the muscles, protection (internal organs), stores minerals (site for blood cell formation)
|
|
What is the skeletal system made up of?
|
Bones, cartilage (soft bone - cushioning in between movable bones found on tip of nose and ears as well), tendons and ligaments (connects things)
|
|
What is a joint area?
|
Where bones meet
|
|
What are two parts of the skeletal system?
|
Axial skeleton (center part of skeleton - ribs, vertebrae, skull)
Appendicular skeleton (limbs - shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle) |
|
What are six types of nutrients found in foods?
|
minerals, carbohydrates, vitamins, protein, water, fat
|
|
What are the four stages of food processing?
|
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination
|
|
What are the two types of digestion?
|
Chemical and mechanical
|
|
What is mechanical digestion?
|
Breaking food down into smaller parts without the use of enzymes (stomach churning, teeth/tongue)
|
|
What is chemical digestion?
|
Breaking food down using enzymes/acids
|
|
What is the name given to the tube involved in digestion?
|
alimentary canal
|
|
What types of cells line the digestive tract?
|
Epithelial cells - secrete mucus
|
|
What substances are secreted by the cells to lubricate canal and prevent body from digesting itself?
|
Mucus
|
|
What are the organs of the digestive tract?
|
Mouth, pharynx, esophogus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
|
|
What are the accessory glands?
|
Salivary glands (saliva), liver (bile), gallbladder (stores bile), pancreas (pancreatic juice)
|
|
What is an amalyse?
|
start digesting carbs
|
|
What does the mouth use chemically for digestion?
|
Amylase, enzymes (move of them in water, neutralizing agents, anti-bacterial).
|
|
What does the mouth use mechanically for digestion?
|
Teeth/tongue, increasing surface area for digestion.
|
|
How is the pharynx involved in digestion?
|
Basically swallowing
|
|
What makes up the stomach?
|
Muscular sac capable of storing up to two liters of food
Gastric juice secreted by the stomach lining |
|
What are the components of gastric juice?
|
Mucus - protective lining
Hydrocloric acid - breaks material and tissue down/kills bacteria pepsin - enzyme that begins protein digestion |
|
What is the muscle that regulates passage of material between different organs of the digestive tract?
|
Sphincter
|
|
Food in the stomach is called what?
|
Chyme
|
|
What is the liver's involvement in digestion?
|
Produces bile and sends it to the gallbladder to store it. Then sends it to the small intestine to emulsify fat.
|
|
What is the pancreas' involvement in digestion?
|
Makes pancreatic juice (amylase, tripsin, lipase)
|
|
What is the small intestine?
|
Tube is about 6 meter long and 2.5cm. wide
Digestion is completed and most nutrients are absorbed here Peristalsis moves chyme along Takes about 5-6 hours for digestion and absorption Digestion mostly occurs int eh first portion of intestine Absorption occurs int eh rest of its length |
|
what is the name of the small finger-like projections that line the interior wall of the small intestine ?
|
Villi
|
|
What are the levels of organization in a multi cellular organism?
|
cells, tissues, organs and organ systems
|
|
What is homeostasis?
|
the process by which organisms keep internal conditions relatively constant despite changes in external environments
|
|
What does the nervous system control?
|
it controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli
|
|
What is the basic structural unit of the nervous system?
|
neurons
|
|
When does a nerve impulse begin?
|
it begins when a neuron is stimulated by another neuron or by its environment
|
|
What does the central nervous system do?
|
it relays messages, processes information and analyzes information
|
|
What does the central nervous system consist of?
|
the brain and the spinal cord
|
|
What are bones?
|
a solid network of living cells and protein fibers that are surrounded by deposits of chemical salts
|
|
How can joints be classified?
|
immovable, slightly movable or freely movable
|
|
When do muscle fibers contract?
|
when the thin filaments in the muscle fiber slide over the thick filaments
|
|
What is the integumentary system?
|
serves as a barrier against infection and injury
helps to regulate the body temperature removes waste products from the body and provides protection from ultra violet radiation from the sun |
|
What does the human circulatory system consist of?
|
the heart, a series of blood vessels and the blood that flows through them
|
|
What are the three types of blood vessels?
|
arteries, capilaries and vains
|
|
What type of blood cells transport oxygen?
|
red blood cells
|
|
What do white blood cells do?
|
they guard against infection, fight parasites and fight bacteria
|
|
What do you need for blood clotting?
|
plasma proteins and cell fragments called platelets
|
|
What is the lymphatic system?
|
its a network of vessels, nodes and organs that collects the fluid that is lost by the blood and returns it to the circulatory system
|
|
What is the basic function of the human respiratory system?
|
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood, the air and tissues
|
