Chapter 1

English adventurer, soldier, && one of the founders of Jamestown
1580- 1631
Founded Jamestown (1st permanent English settlement in N. America)

Virginia colony founded by the London Company
May 14, 1607
1st permanent English settlement in the United States

Type of corporation/ partnership in which certificates of ownership to contributors && they are allowed to sell their stock at any time
type of business that was the Virginia Company which founded Jamestown

A worker, laborer, or tradesman under contract to an employer for a fixed period of time in exchange for food, clothing, transportation && other necessities
Type of servants that were used for labor in family households

significant group of English-speaking protestants or Anglicans who wished to purify the church of England
16th-17th centuries
Tried to make the government in Massachusetts be tied to the church

Founded the Massachusetts Bay Company after obtaining a charter from King Charles the 1st along w/ a bunch of other Puritans
1588- 1649
Elected governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

An armed conflict between Native Americans of present day southern New England && English colonists (war named after the main leader of Native American side)
1675-1676
About 4000 ppl died

System in Virginia used to bring in more settlers in which each person residing in Virginia received 2 headrights (100 acres of land) && each new settler who paid their own passage received 1 headright (50 acres) so families were encouraged to travel together because each person received 1 headright
1618
Brought more settlers to Virginia && prevented the Virginia Company from going bankrupt.

An influential family who was granted the colony of Maryland for their services to the king

Began as a tribe in the Cuzco area in the Andes mountains && founded the Inca Empire
Around 1200 c.e.
Largest empire in pre-columbian america

Mesoamerican civilization know for its fully developed written language in the pre-columbian americas
Began in pre-classical, reached its peak in classical, && ended in post-classical period
First pre-columbian american society to develop a fully written language

Certain ethnic groups that dominated parts of Mesoamerica
14th, 15h, && 16th centuries
Formed the Aztec empire in
Tenochtitlan (Mexico City)

National historicla park between Albuquerque &&Farmington
900-1130 AD
Important Anasazi cultural center

Prehistoric native americans that inhabited north america
1000 BC to 1000 AD
Clashed repeatedly w/ the early english settlers in north america

types of agriculture && methods used by native americans
1600s
Hunting && gathering && domesticated crops such as corn, beans, squash. etc.

European explorer
960 AD around 1000 AD
First european to set foot in the New World

Prince of the kingdom of portugal
1394- 1960 AD
Responsible for first european explorations

Italian explorer who sailed across the atlantic ocean in hopes of finding a route to India
1451-1506
Made 4 trips in 12 years && failed to find a route to india but on his 3rd trip he became the 1st european to set foot on america since Leif Erikson

Portugeses explorer
1480-1521
Led the 1st expedition that sailed the Earth && also named the Pacific Ocean

Spanish soldiers, explorers, and adventurers
15th && 19th centuries
Brought much of the Americas under control in 15th && 19th centuries

Spanish explorer
1485- 1547
Marched across Mexico to conquer the Aztec empire

Spanish conquistador who traveled through the pacific coast of America along Peru
1478-1541
Looted && destroyed the Incan capital city of Cusco && killed the 13th && last Incan emperor, Atahuallpa

Members of a religious group who strived to spread catholicism by traveling

City founded in 1565 in the northeast section of Florida
1565- today
Oldest continuously occupied European- established city/ port in the US

Labor system in which a ruler grants someone a specified # of natives for whom they are to take responsibilities
1503- 1720
Employed by Spanish crown during the Spanish colonization of the Americas && the Philippines

Uprising of the Pueblo people against the Spanish colonization of the Americas 1680

People of mixed European && Amerindian ancestry

Italian navigator && explorer
1450- 1499
First to voyage to North America since Norse exploration of the Americas

English writer
1552- 1616
Advocated the expansion of English power

Doctorine of Calvinism
Deals w/ the question of the control God exercises over the world

Henry Vlll broke away from the roman catholic church when the pope refused to grant him a divorce from his wife
16th century

French theologian
1509- 1564
Pastor during the protestant reformation

Types of Puritans that did not recognize the established church
Last half of 16th century
Cruelly persecuted under Mary (Queen)

Queen of England from
1568- 1603
Put england on the road to becoming a world economic && political power

Individuals who engaged in the fur trade w/out permission from French authorities
Late 17th && early 18th centuries
Weakened France because they lost control on the ppl

Dutch colonial settlement
17th century
Later became New York

Chartered company of dutch merchants
1623- 1647
Obtained a trade monopoly in the west indies && had jurisdiction over slave trade

English aristocrat, poet, writer, soldier, courtier, && explorer
1552- 1618
Popularized tobacco in England

Enterprise financed by Sir Walter Raleigh in Virginia
Late 16th century
Attempt to establish permanent settlement but became known as "The Lost Colony"

King of England && Ireland from 1603- 1625
"Golden Age" of literature continued under his rule

Englishman after whom Delaware was named after
1577- 1618
Won the Powhatan war && appointed governor of virginia for life

Cash crop in the virginia colony
16th century
Aided the Virginia company to get out of debt

English colony in British America
16th century
1st colony in the New World

Legal grant system in which a person is granted 50 acres of land
16th century
Helped attract settlers to the colonies

Virginia Indian tribe
16th-17th centuries
Dominated the tribes along the colonies && engaged in a war w/ sir walter raleigh

Calverts were granted Maryland by the King
16th- 17 centuries
Ruled Maryland

An act of religious tolerance in Maryland
1649
Created the first legal limitations on hate speech

Uprising led by Nathaniel Bacon
1676
First rebellion in the Americas in which frontiersmen took part

First governing document of Plymouth Comlony
1620
First written laws for the new land

Plymouth governor
1590- 1657
First to proclaim Thanksgiving

Few coins minted, used some paper money

Led a group of puritans into the new world in 1630
Elected governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony

One supreme civil ruler is chosen
Used in the early colonies

American protestant theologian
1603-1683
Began the colony of Rhode Island which became a refuge for religious minorities

Pioneer settler in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, && New Netherlands
1591- 1643
Banished from Massachusetts because she offended the colony leadership

Armed conflict Between an alliance of Massachusetts Bay && Plymouth colonies w/ Native American allies against the Pequot tribe
1634- 1638
Eliminated the Pequot tribe

Armed conflict between Native Americans && English colonists
1675-76
Metacom was killed && his head was hung for 20 years

Algonquian Native American tribe in Rhode Island

Armed conflicts between Parliamentarians && Royalists
1642- 1651
Ended in Parliamentary victory

Colonies which produced much of the wheat && bread
16th century
Most ethnically diverse colonies in the Americas

Religious society of friends
mid 17th century
Contibuted to society in the early colonies

English real estate entrepreneur && philosopher
1644- 1718
Made successful treaties w. Lenape Indians

Written proclamation by Henry the 1st of England
1100
Sought to bind King of certain laws regarding the treatment of church officials && nobles

Laws that limited the basic human rights and civil liberties of African Americans
19th century
Passed by southern states at the end of the civil war

Attempt by quakers to establish a community for themselves in Pennsylvania
19th century
Failed && was finished off by the revolutiong

British general && philanthropist
1696- 1785
Founder of georgia

Economic theory in which a ppl are prohibited from trading w/ countries other than it's own
16th- 18th centuries
Form of economy that was in place in the colonies

Laws used to restrict foreign shipping for trade between England && its colonies
Late 17th century
Helped cause the American Revolutionary War

Early colonial English governor
1637- 1714
Head of Dominion of New England

Overthrow of King James ll of England by Parliamentarians
1688
William && Mary came into power

Agreement between shareholders of Massachusetts Bay Company
1629
Founded Boston, MA

Interpretive framework for understanding the overall flow of the bible

A form of partial church membership created by New England in 1662
Expresses less religious piety

Puritan religious && colonial leader
1586- 1647
Founded Connecticut

Conservative religious proposals adopted at saybrook, Connecticut
1708
Caused disputes within the church

Type of corporation or partnership in which certificates of ownership are issued by a company to 2 or more persons && they are free to transfer their ownership at any time by selling their stock to others
16th century
Used in early colonies

Royalist supporters of King Charles l
17th century

English philosopher
1632- 1704
One of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers