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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Russian scientist who found tobacco mosaic virus in 1892
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Dimitri Iwanski
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Dutch microbiologist who found (same) tobacco mosaic virus in 1898
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Martinus Biejerinck
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what does "virus" mean?
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poison
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a virus so small it can pass through the pores of a filter
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filterable virus (duh)
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American biochemist who purified and crystallized the tobacco mosaic virus in 1935
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Wendell Stanley
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are viruses alive?
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they are on the "threshold of life"
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how are viruses named?
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according to the cells they infect
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primary classification of viruses depending on organism it attacks
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host range
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size of a virus?
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25nm-300nm
(1/10 to 1/3 the size of a bacterial cell) |
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inside a virus there is _____
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nucleic acid
2 strands, plus and minus |
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virus RNA strand that is translated by host ribosome
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plus strand
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the "other" strand of virus RNA (complimentary ssRNA)
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minus strand
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the outside of the virus that surrounds the nucleic acid core giving the virus its shape
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capsid (protein coat)
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rod-shaped virus
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helical
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many-sided shaped virus
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polyhedral
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most common polyhedral-shaped virus.it has ___ sides
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icosahedral
20 sides |
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combination-shaped virus with helical portion and polyhedral portion
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complex
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membrane that surrounds virus
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viral envelope
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where does the viral envelope come from?
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host cell's cytoplasmic membrane
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life cycle of a virus (5 phases)
this is the Lytic Cycle |
1. Attachment
2. Penetration 3. Biosynthesis 4. Maturation 5. Release |
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heirarchical levels for viruses
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Family-ends in "virdae"
Genus-ends in "virus" Species-English word ex: Retroviridae Lentivirus human immunodeficiency virus |
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virus that attacks a bacteria
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bacteriophage
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clear region on the media where virus is growing
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plaque
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period of no increase in viral growth
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latent period
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number of plaque-forming units increases several hundred-fold
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burst period
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period when no intact virons are found (time of maturation)
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eclipse period
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production of more virons, obviously sick
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lytic cycle
ex: common cold |
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a phage that only follows lytic cycle
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virulent phage
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prolonged quiescent state (quiet period) goes in, stays in, may cause cancer later
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lysogenic cycle
ex: human papilloma virus |
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phage that can follow lytic or lysogenic cycle
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temperate phage
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growing cells in a laboratory for study
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cell cultures
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an RNA retrovirus that uses reverse transcriptase to make DNA
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(HIV) human immunodeficiency virus
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drug used to treat AIDS
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AZT (Azidothymidine)
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type of tumor that is not life-threatining
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benign
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deadly and invasive tumor
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malignant
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another term for malignant tumors
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cancer
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first virus to be discovered, crystallized, disassembled, and reassembled
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tobacco mosaic virus
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viruses that affect fungi
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mycovirus
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circular strand of ssRNA without a capsid
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viroid (affects plants, does not cause human disease)
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proteinaceous infectious particle
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prion
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