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Taxonomic Criteria Based On:
1. Genomic, Virus Particle, Presence or Absence of Envelope
Enteric Viruses
Transmitted via fecal-oral route
cause gastroenteritis
Respiratory Viruses
-usually inhaled via infected respiratory droplets
-generally remain localized in respiratory tract
Zoonotic Viruses
Transmitted from animal ot human via animal vector
Sexually Transmitted virus
can cause lesions on genitallia or cause systemic infections
Properties of Acute Infections (4)
-Short in Duration
-Host may develop long lasting immunity
-Result in Productive infections
-Disease symptoms result from tissue damage and infection of new cells
Three Categories of Persistent Virus Infections
-Latent Infections
-Chronic Infections
-Slow Infections
Latent Infections
-Infection followed by symptom less period followed by reactivation
-Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, chicken pox
Chronic Infections
-Infectious virus can be detected at all times
-Disease symptoms may be present or absent during extended times or may develop late
-Well known example: Hepatitis B
Slow Infections
-Infectious agent gradually increases in amount over long period of time
-No significant symptoms appear during this time
-Retroviruses (HIV) and Prions
Viral Genome
Contains genes essential to viral survival
-encode enzymes and structural protiens
-must be replicated to form new virions
Provirus
DNA tumor viruses interact with host DNA
Ocogene-
gene malfuntion that leads to loss of cell cycole control
2 DNA viruses known to cause cancer
-human papillomavirses (HPV)
-herpes viruses
RNA viruses
- Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus (HTlv)- leukemia
-HIV