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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a ketose?
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A monosaccharide of sugar with the carbonyl group on the second carbon.
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What is an aldose?
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A monosaccharide of sugar with the carbonyl group on the first carbon.
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What functional groups are found in all monosaccharides?
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Hydroxyl groups are found in all monossaccharides along with a carbonyl on the first or second carbon.
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When the OH group is on the left, which letter is assigned to it?
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L
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When the OH group is on the right, which letter is assigned to it?
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D
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What does d-galactose look like?
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CH2OH - (CHOH)4 - aldehyde
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What does d-fructose look like?
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CH2OH - C=O - (CHOH)3 - CH2OH
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What is the difference between d-glucose and d-galactose?
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The OH on carbon 4 is on the left in galactose, and on the right in glucose.
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When drawing the mirror image of a sugar, what flips?
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The H and OH groups.
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What is the term for when the -OH group of a sucrose is above the ring?
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B-anomer
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What is the term for when the -OH group of a sucrose is below the ring?
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a-anomer
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Draw the Haworth structure for B-D-mannose
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(see page 554 in the text for the answer)
For those not using our book, find the structure online. |
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What's an example of a reducing sugar?
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d-glucose
fructose |
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What does the reduction of a sugar produce?
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The carbonyl group becoms a sugar alcohol called ALDITOLS.
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How is the name changed for a sugar that has been reduced?
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The ending of -ose changes to -itol
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What is maltose a combination of?
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Glucose + glucose
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What is lactose a combination of?
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Glucose + galactose
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What is sucrose a combination of?
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Glucose + fructose
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What's an example of glucose?
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Fruit juices
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What's an example of galactose?
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Lactose hydrolysis
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What's an example of where to get fructose?
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Fruit juices
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Where can we get maltose?
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Grains
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Where can we get sucrose?
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Sugar cane
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Where can we get amylose and amylopectin?
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Rice, wheat, grains
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Where can we get glycogen?
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Liver, muscles
(book page 567 says so) |
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Where can we get cellulose?
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Plant fiber, celery
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What's the name of the bond between two monosaccharides?
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Glycosidic bond
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What's the product of the reduction of d-glucose?
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D-glucitol
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What's the product of the oxidation of d-glucose?
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d-gluconic acid
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