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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skin
physiologic change decreased vascularity of dermis |
result
increased pallor in white skin |
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SKIN
decreased amount of melanin |
decreased hair color (graying)
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skin
decreased sebaccous & sweat gland function |
increased dry skin, decreased perspiration
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decreased subcutaneous fat
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increased wrinkling
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decreased thickness of epidermis
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increased susceptibility to trauma
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increased localized pigmentation
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increased incidence of brown spots (senile lentigo)
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increased capillary fragility
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increased purple patches
(senile purpura) |
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decreased density of hair growth
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decreased amount of thickness of hair on head & body
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decreased rate of nail growth
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increased longitudinal ridges of nails; increased thickening and yellowing of nails
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decreased peripheral cirulation
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increased facial hair in women
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musculoskeletal
decreased bone calcium |
increased osteoporosis; increased curvature of the spine
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decreased fluid in intervertebral disks
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decreased height
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decreased blood supply to muscles
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decreased muscle strength
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decreased tissue elasticity
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decreased mobility & flexibility of ligaments & tendons
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decreased muscle mass
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decreased strength; increased risk for falls
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respiratory
decreased body fluids |
decreased ability to humidify air resulting in drier mucous membranes
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decreased number of cilla
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decreased ability to trap debris
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decreased number of macrophages
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increased risk for respiratory infection
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decreased tissue elasticity in the alveoli and lower lung lobes
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decreased gas exchange ; increased pooling of secretions
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decreased muscle strength & endurance
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decreased ability to breath deeply; diminished strength of cough
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decreased number of capillaries
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decreased gas exchange
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increased calification of cartilage
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increased rigidity of rib cage; decreased lung capacity
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cardiac
decreased cardiac muscle tone |
decreased tissue oxygenation r/t decreased cardiac output and reserve
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increased heart size, left ventricular enlargement
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compensation for decreased muscle tone
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decreased cardiac output
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increased chance of heart failure; decreased peripheral circulation
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decreased elasticity of heart muscle and blood vessels
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decreased venous return; increased dependent edema; increased incidence of orthostatic hypotension
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decreased pacemaker cells
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Heart rate 40-100 bpm ; increased premature beats; conduction abnormalties.
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decreased baroreceptor sensitivity
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decreased adaptation to changes in blood pressure
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increased incidence of valvular sclerosis
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increased risk for heart murmurs
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increased atherosclerosis
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increased blood pressure, weaker peripheral pulses.
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Lymphatic
increased plasma viscosity |
increased risk for vascular occlusion
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decreased RBC production
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increased incidence of anemia
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decreased mobilization of neutrophils
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less effective phagocytosis
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increased immature T cells response
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decreased immune response
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Urinary
decreased number of functional nephrons |
decreased filtration rate with decrease in drug clearance
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decreased blood supply
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decreased removal of body wastes; increased concentration of urine
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decreased muscle tone
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increased volume of residual urine
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decreased tissue elasticity
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decreased bladder capacity
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delayed or decreased perception of need to void
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increased incidence of incontinence
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increased nocturnal urine production
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increased need to awaken to void or episodes of nocturnal incontinence
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increased size of prostate (male)
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increased risk for infection; decreased stream of urine ; increased hesitancy and frequency of urination
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Neurologic
decreased number of brain cells |
slowed thought process, decreased ability respond to multiple stimuli and tasks
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decreased number of nerve fibers
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decreased reflexes, cooridination
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decreased amounts of neuroreceptors
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decreased perception of stimuli
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decreased peripheral nerve function
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decreased motor responses, increased risk for ischemic parathesia in extremities
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Vision changes
decreased number of eyelashes |
increased risk for eye injury
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decreased tear production
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increased risk for eye irritation
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increased discoloration of lens
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decreased color perception
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decreased tissue elasticity
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increased blurring
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Urinary
decreased number of functional nephrons |
decreased filtration rate with decrease in drug clearance
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decreased blood supply
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decreased removal of body wastes; increased concentration of urine
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decreased muscle tone
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increased volume of residual urine
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decreased tissue elasticity
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decreased bladder capacity
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delayed or decreased perception of need to void
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increased incidence of incontinence
|
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increased nocturnal urine production
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increased need to awaken to void or episodes of nocturnal incontinence
|
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increased size of prostate (male)
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increased risk for infection; decreased stream of urine ; increased hesitancy and frequency of urination
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Neurologic
decreased number of brain cells |
slowed thought process, decreased ability respond to multiple stimuli and tasks
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decreased number of nerve fibers
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decreased reflexes, cooridination
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decreased amounts of neuroreceptors
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decreased perception of stimuli
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decreased peripheral nerve function
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decreased motor responses, increased risk for ischemic parathesia in extremities
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Vision changes
decreased number of eyelashes |
increased risk for eye injury
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decreased tear production
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increased risk for eye irritation
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increased discoloration of lens
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decreased color perception
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decreased tissue elasticity
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increased blurring
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decreased muscle tone
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decreased diameter of pupil, decreased night vision increased sensitivity to glare.
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Auditory
decreased elastic tissue |
decreased ability to distinguish high-frequency sounds
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decreased joint mobility
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decreased hearing ability
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atrophy of vestibular structures and in the inner ear
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increased problems with balance , decreased number of hair cells
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decreased pituitary secretions
(growth hormone) |
decrease muscle mass
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decreased production of thyroid stimulating hormone
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decreased metabolic rate
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decreased insulin production or increased insulin resistance
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increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus
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decreased production of parathyroid hormone
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increased blood calcium levels (seen with osteoporosis)
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Reproduction
decreased estrogen levels |
decreased vaginal secretions
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decreased elastic tissue
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decreased pubic hair, increased fragile vaginal tissue, increased tissue irritation
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increased vaginal alkalinity
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increased risk for infection
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decreased testosterone levels
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decreased amount of facial and pubic hair
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decreased circulation
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decreased rate & force of ejaculation, decreased speed gaining an erection
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