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58 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
System Unit
a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to precess data.
Motherboard (system board)
the main circuit board of the system unit.
Chip
a small piece of semiconducting material, usually silicon, on which integrated curuits are etched.
Multi-core processor
a chip with two or more seperate processor cores.
Control Unit
component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.
ALU (arithmetic logic unit)
another component of the processor, preforms arithmetic, comparison, and other operations.
System Clock
a small quartz crystall circuit that controls the timing of all computer operations.
Clock speed
The pace of the system clock is measured by the numbers of ticks per second.
binary system
a number system that has just two unique digits, 0 and 1, called bits.
Bit ( binary digit)
is the smallest unit of data that computers can process.
byte
8 bits grouped together.
byte
8 bits grouped together.
memory
consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and results of processing.
memory
consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and results of processing.
volatile memory
when the computer is turned off the memory is lost.
volatile memory
when the computer is turned off the memory is lost.
nonvolatile memory
It doesn't lose its memory when the power is removed from the computer.
nonvolatile memory
It doesn't lose its memory when the power is removed from the computer.
RAM memory (random access memory)
consists of memory chips that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices.
RAM memory (random access memory)
consists of memory chips that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices.
ROM memory (read-only memory)
memory chips storing permanent data and instructions.
ROM memory (read-only memory)
memory chips storing permanent data and instructions.
memory module
a small circuit board.
memory module
a small circuit board.
memory slot
located on the motherboard and they hold memory modules.
memory slot
located on the motherboard and they hold memory modules.
Cache
improves processing times. helps speed the process of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data.
Cache
improves processing times. helps speed the process of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data.
L1 Cache
Built directly in the processor chip and has a small capactiy.
L1 Cache
Built directly in the processor chip and has a small capactiy.
L2 Cache
Slighty slower than L1 cache but has a much larger capacity.
Flash memory
a type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten.
CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor)
provides high speed and consumes little power.
Access Time
the amount of time it takes the processor to read data, instructions, and information from memory.
nanosecond
one billion of a second.
expansion slot
a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card.
adapter card
a circuit board that enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to perriperals.
flash memory
type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten.
peripheral
a device that connects to the system unit and is controlled by the processor in the computer.
video card ( graphics card)
converts computer output into a video signal that travels through a cable to the monitor which displays an image.
Sound card
enhances the sound-generating capabilities of a personal computer by allowing sound to be input through a microphone and output through speakers/headphones.
Hub
a device that attaches to a single part and creates multiple ports
graphics card
same as video card
memory card
a removable flash memory device, usually no bigger than 1.5" high or wide, that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer.
port
the point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit so that peripherals can send data or recieve information.
USB port (universal serial bus port)
can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a cingle connector.
FireWire Port
it can connect multiple types of devices that require faster data transmission speeds.
SCSI port
allows you to attach SCSI peripherals such as disk drives and printers.
port replicator
an external device that provides connections to perpherals through ports built into the device.
docking station
external device that attches to a moble computer or device to provide connections.
bus
a channel
system bus
part of the motherboard and connects the processor to main memory
front side bus (FSB)
part of the motherboard and connects the processor to main memory
backside bus (BSB)
connects the processor to cache
expansion bus
allows the processor to communicate with peripherals.
bay
an opening inside the system unit in which you can install additional equipment.
drive bay
a rectangle opening that typically holds dick drives.
power supply
component of the system unit that coverts the wall outlet AC power into DC power.