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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The two most common responses that influence nursing care:
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1 - Reflex Pain Response
2 - Inflammatory Response |
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3 Stages of GAS (general adaptation syndrome)
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1 - Alarm
2 - Resistance 3 - Exhaustion |
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What happens physiologically during the countershock phase of GAS?
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Decrease in: energy levels, oxygen intake, cardiac output, blood pressure, mental alertness (all elevated during previous phase)
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What is used to protect one's self esteem?
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Defense Mechanisms
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What are the two broad categories of stress?
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* Developmental Stress
* Situational Stress |
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The steps of crisis intervention:
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1 - Identify the problem
2 - List alternatives 3 - Choose alternative 4 - Implement plan 5 - Evaluate outcome |
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2 phases of the alarm reaction of GAS (general adaptation syndrome)
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1 - Shock Phase
2 - Countershock Phase |
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What happens physiologically during the shock phase of GAS?
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Increase in: Energy levels, Oxygen intake, Cardiac output, Blood pressure, Mental alertness
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How is anxiety managed?
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WITHOUT conscious thought
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Definition: to maintain well-being, psychological homeostasis must be maintained.
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Psychological Homeostasis
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Examples of Internal Stressors
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Illness
Hormonal Change Fear |
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Examples of External Stressors
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Loud Noises
Cold Temperatures |
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The Father of Medicine
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Hippocrates
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Definition: Anything causing a person to experience stress; change in the balanced state
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Stressor
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Definition: A cognitive response to a known threat
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Fear
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Definition: The ANS prepares the body to either fight off the stressor or to run away from it
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Fight or Flight Response
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Definition: Condition in which the human system responds to change in its normal balanced state
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Stress
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Definition: Stress responses experienced during prolonged periods of home care by family caregivers
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Caregiver Burden
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Definition: Behaviors exhibited as the result of prolonged occupational stress
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Burnout
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Definition: The most common human response to stress. Vague, uneasy feeling of discomfort/dread
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Anxiety
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Definition: A localized response of the body to stress
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Local Adaptation Syndrome
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Definition: A local response to injury or infection
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Inflammatory Response
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Definition: Various physiologic and psychologic mechanisms within the body respond to internal changes to maintain relative constancy in the internal environment.
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Homeostasis
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Definition: biochemical model of stress describing the body's general response to stress.
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General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
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Definition: Forms of self-deception; unconscious process the self uses to protect itself from anxiety or threats to self-esteem
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Defense Mechanisms
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Definition: a 5 step problem-solving technique designed to promote a more adaptive outcome
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Crisis Intervention
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Definition: The change that occurs as a response to a stressor
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Adaptation
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Definition: A response of the CNS to pain.
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Reflex Pain Response
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Definition: Physical responses to stressors.
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Psychosomatic Disorders
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Alarm Stage
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* Stage 1 of Gas
* lasts minutes to hours * is initiated when a person perceives a specific stressor, & various defense mechanisms are activated. |
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Resistance Stage
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* Stage 3 of GAS
* The body now attempts to adapt to the perceived stressor * vital signs, hormone levels, and energy production return to normal. |
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Exhaustion Stage
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* Stage 3 of GAS
* Results when the adaptive mechanisms are exhausted. * Without defense against stressor, body may rest & mobilize defenses to return to normal or reach total exhaustion & die. |
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Definition: Person attempts to overcome perceived weakness by emphasizing a more desirable trait
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Compensation
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Definition: A person refuses to acknowledge the presence of a condition that is disturbing
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Denial
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Definition: Patterns of behavior used to neutralize, deny, or counteract anxiety
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Coping Mechanism
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Definition: A disturbance caused by a precipitating event that is perceived as a threat to self.
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Crisis
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Situational Stress
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* Can be Positive or Negative
ie. Illness or Accident; Marriage or Divorce; New Job |
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Definition: A person transfers an emotional reaction from one object or person to another object or person
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Displacement
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Definition: A person incorporates qualities or values of another person into his or her own ego structure. This mechanism is important in the formation of conscience during childhood.
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Introjection
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Definition: A person's thoughts or impulses are attributed to someone else.
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Projection
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Definition: A person tries to give a logical or socially acceptable explanation for questionable behavior.
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Rationalization
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Definition: A person develops conscious attitudes and behavior patterns that are opposite to what he or she would really like to do.
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Reaction Formation
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Definition: A person returns to an earlier method of behaving.
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Regression
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Definition: The regulatory mechanisms of the body are reacting constantly to changes to maintain homeostasis and health.
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Physiologic Homeostasis
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Definition: A person voluntarily excludes an anxiety-producing event from conscious awareness.
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Repression
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Definition: A person substitutes a socially acceptable goal for one whose normal channel of expression is blocked.
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Sublimation
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Definition: An act or communication used to negate a previous act or communication
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Undoing
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Definition: The relationship between psychologic stressors and the physiologic stress response.
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Mind-Body Interaction
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Definition: Occurs as a person progresses through the normal stages of growth and development from birth to old age.
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Developmental Stress
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Examples of Developmental Stress
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ie. When an infant learns trust
When a toddler learns elimination control When an adolescent is striving for independence |
