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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Osteocytes
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Mature Bone Cells
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Diaphysis
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Bone Shaft
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Auditory Ossicles
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Ear Bones
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Cribriform Plate
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Olfactory Nerves
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Osteoblasts
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bone-producing cells
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C1
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Atlas
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C2
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Axis
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Hip and Shoulder
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Balle and socket joints
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Patella
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Kneecap
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Calcaneus
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heel bone
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Synarthrosis
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immovable joint
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moving the hand into a palm-front position
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supination
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osteoclasts
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bone-dissolving joints
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raising the arm laterally
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abduction
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elbow and knee
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hinge joints
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Skeletal bones store energy reserves as lipids in areas of
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yellow marrow
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The two types of osseous tissure are
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compact bone and spongy bone
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The basic functional units of mature compact bone are
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Osteons
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The axial skeleton consists of the bones of the
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skull, thorax, and vertebral column
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Frontal Bone
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Cranial Forehead
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Parietal Bones
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The roof and superior walls of the cranium
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Occipital Bone
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Posterior and Inferior portions of the cranium
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Tempral Bones
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The sides and base of the cranium
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Sphenoid Bone
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Part of the floor of the cranium, a bridge uniting crainal and facial, braces the sides of the skull
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Ethmoid Bone
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Anterior to the spheniod, cranial floor, medial surfaces of the orbit of each eye, and the roof and sides of the nasal cavity
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Maxillae
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the floor and medial portion of teh rim of the orbit, the wallls of the nasal cavity and the anterior roof of the mouth
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Palatine Bones
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Posterior surface of the roof of teh mouth
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Zygomatic Bones
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Articulates with the frontal bone and the mazilla to complete the lateral wall of the orbit
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Nasal Bones
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Forms the bridge of the nose and midway betweent the orbits
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The Mandible
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Bone of the lower Jaw
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The appendicular skelleton consists of the bones of the
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limbs, pectoral girdle, and pelvic girdle
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Unpaired bone that forms the nasal septum
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Vomer
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At the glenoid cavity the scapula articulates with the proximal end of the
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humerus
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While an individual is in the atatomical position the ulna lies
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medial to the radius
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Each coxal bone of the pelic girdle consists of three fused bones. The
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ilium, ischium, and pubis
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Joints that are typically located at the end of long bones are
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diarthroses
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Synovial Joint consists of
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Fibrous join capsule, synovial membrane, articular cartilages, and the joint cavity (containing synovial fluid)
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The function of the synovial fluid is to
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noursih chondrocytes, provide protection, and absorb shock
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Abduction and adduction always refer to movements of the
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appendicular skeleton
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Standing on tiptoe is an example of a movement called
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plantar flexion
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What is the primary difference between intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification?
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In intramembranous ossification, bone develops form fibrous connective tissue. In endochondral ossification, bone developes from a cartilage model
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What unique characteristic of the hyoid bone make it difficult from all other bones in the body?
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The hyoid is the only bone in the body that does not articulate with another bone
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What two primary functions are performed by teh thoracic cage
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protects teh sturctures of the thoracic cavity and serves as an attachment point for muscles involved in respiration, positioning the bertebral column and moving the pectoral girdle and upper extremities
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Which two large scapular processes are associated with the shoulder joint?
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the acromion and coracoid processes are parts of teh acapula associated with the shoulder joint
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Why are stresses or impacts to teh side of the shaft of a long bone more dangerous than stress applied along the long axis of the shaft?
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The osteons are parallel to the long axis of the shaft whcih does not bend when forces are applied to either end. An impact to the side of the shaft can lead to a fracture
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During the growth of a long bone, how is the epiphysis forced farther from teh shaft?
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The chondorcytes of teh epiphyseal cartilage enlarge and divide, increasing teh thickness of the carilage. On teh shaft side, the condrocytes become ossified, chasing the expanding epiphyseal cartilage away form the shaft
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Why are ruptured intervertebral disccs more common in lumbar vertbrae, and dislocations and fractures more common in cervical vertebrae?
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The lumbar vertebrae have massive bodies and carry a large amoutn of weight -- both causative of factore of disc rupture. The cervical vertebrae are more delicate and have small bodies, increasing the possibility of dislocation and fractures compared with other regions of the vertebral column
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Why are clavicular injuries common?
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the clavicles are small and fragile, so fracuters are quite common, their position also makes them vulnerable to injury and damage
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What is the difference in skeletal structure between the pelvic girdle and the pelvis?
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The pelvic girdle consists of the two coxal bones. the pelvis is a composite structure that inculdes the coxal bones of the appendicualr skeleton and the sacrum and coccyx of the axial skeleton
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How do articular cartilages differ form other cartilages in teh body?
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Articular cartilages do not have perichondrium, and their matrix contains more water than do other cartilages
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What is the significance of the fact that the pubic symphysis is a slightly moveable joint?
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The slight moobility of teh pubic symphusis facilitates childbirth by spreading the pelvis to ease movement of the baby through the birth canal
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