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4 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define pathogen
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Organism/virus that causes a disease
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Explain why antibiotics are effective against bacteria but not against viruses
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Viruses rely on host cell (human cell) to carry out their process. It is not possible to block the process without damaging the host cell
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Outline the role of skin and mucus membranes in defense against pathogens
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- outter layer of skin is rough and forms a physical barrier
- glands of skin secrete lactic and fatty enzymes (surface of skin acidic) which prevent pathogenic bacteria growth - mucous membranes - soft areas of skin kept moist with mucus (nose, trachea, vagina, urethra)- bacteria killed by lysozome enzyme in mucus |
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Distinguish antigens and antibiotics
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Antibiotics:
- proteins which recognize and bind to specific antigen - usually bind to 1 specific antigen - defend body against pathigens by binding to antigens on surface of pathogen and stimulating its distruction Antigens: - foreign substances that stimulate the production of antibodies - wider range of substances |
