Chemistry - 2nd Quarter Exam - vocab Flash Cards

Play Memory | Create Card File | Append to Card File
Title: Chemistry - 2nd Quarter Exam - vocab
Description: chem
Number of Cards: 41
Save Count: 0
Author: kuffel27
Created: 2011-12-08
Tags: chem
Private No

Save Count represents the number of people who have saved this card set to their flashcard list. Consider this an endorsement!

    • Question
    • Answer
    • Side 3
    • the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms
    • bond energy
    • the distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy, that is, the avg distance between two bonded atoms
    • bond length
    • a molecule containing only 2 atoms
    • diatomic molecule
    • a covalent bond produced by the sharing of 2 pairs of electrons between 2 atoms
    • double bond
    • the ability of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded thru a small opening to produce a wire
    • ductility
    • the chemical bond resulting from electrical attraction between large no.s of cations and anions
    • ionic bonding
    • a compound composed of negative and positive ions that are combined so that the no.s of positive and negative charges are equal
    • ionic compound
    • the energy released wen one mole of an ionic crystalline compund is formed from gaseous ions
    • lattice energy
    • the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets
    • malleability
    • chemical bonding that results from the attraction between atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons
    • metallic bonding
    • chemical compunds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level
    • octet rule
    • a charged group of covalently bonded atoms
    • polyatomic ion
    • having an uneven distribution of charge
    • polar
    • the bonding in molecules or ions that cant be correctly represented by a single Lewis structure
    • resonance
    • a covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms
    • triple bond
    • a pair of electrons thats not involved in bonding and that belongs exclusively to one atom
    • unshared pair/lone pair
    • a number that specifies the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals
    • quantum no.s
    • a negative ion
    • anion
    • one-half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that r bonded together
    • atomic radius
    • a positive ion
    • cation
    • the energy change that occurs wen an electron is acquired by a neutral atom
    • electron affinity
    • a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
    • electronegativity
    • the arragnement of electrons in an atom
    • electron configuration
    • the electron-containing main energy level with the highest principal quantum number
    • highest occupied energy level
    • an electron that's not in the highest occupied energy level
    • inner-shell electron
    • the formation of ions from solute molecules by the action of the solvent;
      any proces that results in the formation of an ion
    • ionization
    • The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element
    • ionization energy
    • the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic function of their atomic numbers
    • periodic law
    • an arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties fall in the same column, or group
    • periodic table
    • the quantum number that indicates the SHAPE of the orbital
    • angular momentum quantum no.
    • the qunatum no. that indicates the ORIENTATION of an orbital around the nucleus
    • magnetic quantum no.
    • the quantum no. that indicates the MAIN ENERGY LEVEL occupied by the electron
    • principal quantum no.
    • the quantum no. that has only two possible values: +1/2 or -1/2, which indicate the two fundamental SPIN states of an electron in an orbital
    • spin quantum no.
    • an outer main energy level fully occupied. in most cases, by eight electrons
    • noble-gas configuration
    • a compound composed of two diferent elements
    • binary compound
    • an atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge
    • ion
    • an ion formed from a single atom
    • monatomic ion
    • a polyatomic ion that contains oxygen
    • oxyanion
    • an ionic compound composed of a cation and the anion from an acide;
      an ionic compound composed of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid
    • salt
    • an electron that's available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds
    • valence electrons
    • repulsion between the sets of valence-level electrons surrounding an atom causes these sets to be oriented as far apart as possible
    • VSEPR theory