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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms
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bond energy
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the distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy, that is, the avg distance between two bonded atoms
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bond length
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a molecule containing only 2 atoms
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diatomic molecule
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a covalent bond produced by the sharing of 2 pairs of electrons between 2 atoms
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double bond
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the ability of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded thru a small opening to produce a wire
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ductility
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the chemical bond resulting from electrical attraction between large no.s of cations and anions
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ionic bonding
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a compound composed of negative and positive ions that are combined so that the no.s of positive and negative charges are equal
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ionic compound
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the energy released wen one mole of an ionic crystalline compund is formed from gaseous ions
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lattice energy
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the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets
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malleability
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chemical bonding that results from the attraction between atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons
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metallic bonding
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chemical compunds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level
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octet rule
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a charged group of covalently bonded atoms
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polyatomic ion
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having an uneven distribution of charge
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polar
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the bonding in molecules or ions that cant be correctly represented by a single Lewis structure
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resonance
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a covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms
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triple bond
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a pair of electrons thats not involved in bonding and that belongs exclusively to one atom
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unshared pair/lone pair
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a number that specifies the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals
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quantum no.s
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a negative ion
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anion
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one-half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that r bonded together
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atomic radius
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a positive ion
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cation
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the energy change that occurs wen an electron is acquired by a neutral atom
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electron affinity
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a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
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electronegativity
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the arragnement of electrons in an atom
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electron configuration
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the electron-containing main energy level with the highest principal quantum number
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highest occupied energy level
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an electron that's not in the highest occupied energy level
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inner-shell electron
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the formation of ions from solute molecules by the action of the solvent;
any proces that results in the formation of an ion |
ionization
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The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element
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ionization energy
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the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic function of their atomic numbers
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periodic law
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an arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties fall in the same column, or group
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periodic table
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the quantum number that indicates the SHAPE of the orbital
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angular momentum quantum no.
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the qunatum no. that indicates the ORIENTATION of an orbital around the nucleus
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magnetic quantum no.
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the quantum no. that indicates the MAIN ENERGY LEVEL occupied by the electron
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principal quantum no.
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the quantum no. that has only two possible values: +1/2 or -1/2, which indicate the two fundamental SPIN states of an electron in an orbital
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spin quantum no.
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an outer main energy level fully occupied. in most cases, by eight electrons
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noble-gas configuration
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a compound composed of two diferent elements
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binary compound
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an atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge
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ion
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an ion formed from a single atom
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monatomic ion
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a polyatomic ion that contains oxygen
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oxyanion
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an ionic compound composed of a cation and the anion from an acide;
an ionic compound composed of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid |
salt
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an electron that's available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds
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valence electrons
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repulsion between the sets of valence-level electrons surrounding an atom causes these sets to be oriented as far apart as possible
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VSEPR theory
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