COMM 399 Midterm

defines the relationship between sales opportunity and production efficiency measured against the amount of human interactivity. Along top there is buffered core, permeable system, reactive system.

events / hour

service time / unit

any part of an organization that takes inputs and transforms them into outputs

the average successive time between completions of successive units

the ratio of the time that a resource is actually activated relative to the time that it is available for use

the use of a diagram to present the major elements of a process
The basic elements can include tasks or operations, flows of materials or customers, decision points, and storage areas or queues
It is an ideal methodology by which to begin analyzing a process

Tasks/Ops, Decision Points, Storage areas/Queues, flows of materials/customers

a storage area between stages where the output of a stage is placed prior to being used in a downstream stage

occurs when the activities in a stage must stop because there is no place to deposit the item

occurs when the activities in a stage must stop because there is no work

stage that limits the capacity of the process

either single path or some of production has alternative paths where two or more machines are used to increase capacity

the movement of things such as materials, people, or finished goods

the movement of things such as materials, people, or finished goods

activated in response to an order vs. activated to meet expected demand.

activated in response to an order vs. activated to meet expected demand.

COGS / average inventory value

COGS / average inventory value

There is a long-term relationship between inventory, throughput, and flow time -
Inventory = Throughput rate X Flow time

There is a long-term relationship between inventory, throughput, and flow time -
Inventory = Throughput rate X Flow time

the time needed to respond to a customer order

where inventory is positioned to allow entities in the supply chain to operate independently

firms that serve customers from finished goods inventory. ex: Tv, clothing, packaged food

firms that combine a number of preassembled modules to meet a customer’s specifications. ex: Dell computers - flexible design

firms that make the customer’s product from raw materials, parts, and components. ex: boeing

firm that will work with the customer to design and then make the product

project, workcentre, manufacturing cell, assembly line, continuous process. low to high for both product standardization and product volume.

fixed costs / (unit price - variable cost per unit)

project manager has full authority, team reports to one boss, short comm lines, team pride, motivation etc. BUT duplication of resources, lack of technology transfer, org goals are ignored

a bar chart showing both the amount of time involved and the sequence in which activities can be performed

A technique for measuring project progress in an objective manner. Measure relative success of a project at a point in time

BCWP - BCWS

BCWP/BCWS

BCWP - AC

BCWP/AC

a+4m+b/6

[(b-a) / 6]^2

(D-Te) / sum(variance)

the percentage of time the customer must be in the system relative to service time

the work process involved in providing the service itself

The process and the product must be developed simultaneously
The process is the product
A service operation lacks the legal protection commonly available to products
The service package constitutes the major output of the development process
Many parts of the service package are defined by the training individuals receive
Many service organizations can change their service offerings virtually overnight

Enabling systematic integration of operations and marketing strategy
Clarifying exactly which combination of service delivery the firm is providing
Permitting comparison of how other firms deliver specific services
Indicating life cycle changes as the firm grows

Fail-safes. Prevent mistakes from becoming service defects.

infinite: so large that additions and subtractions to pool don't make a difference. Finite: when one person leaves the size of the group is reduced by one.

can be constant or variable

When arrivals at a service occur in a purely random fashion

where one is interested in the number of arrivals over a certain period of time (T)