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128 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
List four alternate terms used for the motherboard.
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-main board
-system board -planar board -"the board" |
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CPU
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Central Processing Unit
|
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I/O
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Input/Output
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PC
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Personal Computer
|
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List the four main jobs of the motherboard.
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-Distributing power
-Providing data paths -Providing connections for components -Providing expansion slots |
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ICs
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integrated circuits
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PCBs
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printed circuit boards
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Name the 3 main technical specifications for motherboards.
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-form factor
-bus structure -chipset |
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Define form factor.
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the actual physical shape and size of the board
sometimes called "implementation" |
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Define bus structure.
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the design of the circuit traces on the board
|
|
Define chipset.
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the chips on the board used to
-support the components and -manage the electrical signals |
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IBM
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International Business Machines
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ISA
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Industry Standard Architecture
bus architecture |
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How many bits of information could IBMs original expansion slots handle at one time?
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8 bits
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How much memory did original PCs support?
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64KB - 256KB
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XT
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eXtended Technology computer
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Define trace.
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a solid-state replacement for wire where copper is "printed" onto a board using an etching process
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What is the difference between a signal trace and a circuit trace?
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Nothing. They are the same.
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What does integrated mean?
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A device is plugged into a socket or soldered onto a board
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IC cards or IC boards
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integrated circuit
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NIC
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Network Interface Card
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Byte
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an 8-bit piece of information
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bus
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a group of signal traces used to move information around a circuit board
|
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AT form factor
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Advanced Technology form factor
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What size data path did the AT introduce?
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16-bit
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What was the first processor to use the AT form factor?
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Intel 80286
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riser card
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a card that allowed expansion cards to be inserted parallel to the motherboard giving the PC a lower profile
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Who was the exclusive manufacturer of the AT form factor?
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IBM
|
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What does DIN stand for?
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Deutsche Institut fur Normung
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What became known as the AT connector?
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5-pin DIN connector
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What is the PS/2?
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a mini-DIN connector for keyboard and mouse still used on most PCs
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How many bytes are in 1KB?
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1,024 bytes
|
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Kb
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Kilobit 1,024 bits
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Mb
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Megabit 1,024x1,024 bits
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Gb
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Gigabit
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Tb
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Terabit
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KB
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Kilobyte
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MB
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Megabyte
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TB
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Terabyte
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Why do ISA slots have a space or split in them?
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To make them backward compatible with the original 8-bit XT slots
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What does DIP stand for?
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Dual Inline Packaging
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What are jumpers and DIP switches used for?
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basic configuration settings
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What does CMOS stand for?
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Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
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|
What is CMOS?
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a small memory bank that stores configuration settings
|
|
What are two acceptable ways to reset CMOS settings?
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Remove battery for a few minutes or use reset jumper.
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What is the most common use of jumpers and DIP switches today?
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IDE drives to designate as master or slave
|
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How should you slide a DIP switch?
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with the tip of a pen
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What is needed to make CMOS changes to an older AT or PS/2 computer?
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A setup disk
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How can CMOS be accessed in most of today's computers?
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pressing F1,F2,Esc, or Del during initial boot sequence
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What does "IBM compatible" or "IBM clone" mean?
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a system matched a set of emerging standards based on IBM design specs
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ATX
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Advanced Technology eXtension
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What is the 20-pin power supply connector used in ATX called?
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keyed connector
|
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What is a heat sink?
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an aluminum alloy aparatus designed with many fins which rests on top of the cpu in order to dissipate heat
|
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What is used to attach the heat sink to the cpu?
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thermal coupling
a paste made of conductive materials |
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LPX
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Low Profile eXtentions
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Where is the bus riser card in an LPX form factor?
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in the center
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NLX
|
iNteLeX form factor
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Where is the bus riser card in an NLX form factor?
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on the edge of the motherboard
|
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What is an expansion bus?
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a connection point for peripheral devices
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Is each expansion slot controlled by its own expansion bus?
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Not necessarily. A single expansion bus may control a number of expansion slots.
|
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What type of data path operation is timed directly to the main oscillator of the PC?
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synchronous operation
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What term describes how many bits of data can move across a bus at any given time?
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data path
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1 cycle in 1 second
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1Hz
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What term refers to a medium's total potential to move information?
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bandwidth
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What type of transmission allows multiple signals to share the same medium by using a different frequency for each signal?
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Broadband
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What type of transmission allows many signals to share the same medium by allowing each signal to use the entire medium for alternating fractional slices of time?
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Baseband
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What type of transmission allows multiple signals to share the same medium by sending light at different frequencies down the same cable?
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Wavelength-division Multiplexing or
Dense Wave Multiplexing |
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AGP
|
Accelerated Graphics Port
technically not an expansion bus because it is dedicated to graphics cards |
|
MCA
|
Micro Channel Architecture
32-bit bus IBM proprietary did not last long |
|
EISA
|
Extended Industry Standard Architecture
developed by Compaq |
|
EISA speed and bus width
|
8.33MHz
32-bit |
|
How does EISA slot differ from ISA slot?
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EISA has connectors on both sides of the card. ISA fits into EISA slot but not visa versa.
|
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What does VESA stand for?
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Video Electronics Standard Association
|
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What is the VESA Local (VL) bus?
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32-bit bus that connects directly to a 32-bit processor
|
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What does GUI stand for?
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Graphical User Interface
|
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What does PCI stand for?
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Peripheral Component Interconnect
|
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List the four main features of the PCI bus.
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Burst Mode
Bus Mastering Additional Expansion Slots Configurable Bandwidth |
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A way to send a data stream without having to constantly search for a destination address.
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Burst Mode
|
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A way for devices to control how a particular bus is used.
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Bus Mastering
|
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What does IRQ stand for?
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Interrupt ReQuests
|
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What is the North Bridge generally used for?
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high speed interface cards, graphics accelerators, SRAM, and memory
|
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What is the South Bridge generally used for?
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USB ports, IDE drives and ISA slots
|
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What has combined several I/O ports into one chip to take up less space on the motherboard?
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Super I/O chip
|
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Into what two components is a PCI bus divided?
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North Bridge and South Bridge
|
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What's the difference between VLB and PCI bus?
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VLB - dedicated to single device and tied to the CPU
PCI - supports multiple devices and is independent |
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What does DMI stand for?
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Desktop Management Interface
|
|
What is DMI?
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a "layer" of software between system components and the rest of the overall system
|
|
What does MIF stand for?
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Management Information Format
|
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What are MIF files?
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Database files that contain configuration information created by the DMI Service Layer
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How long is a nanosecond (ns)?
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one billionth of a second
|
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What does MIPS stand for?
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million instructions per second
|
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What does PCMCIA stand for?
|
Personal Computer Memory Card Industry Association
|
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What is PCMCIA also called?
|
PC card
|
|
How is throughput measured?
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B/s
bytes per second |
|
PCI bus size and speed
|
32-bit
33/66MHz |
|
PCI-X bus size and speed
|
64-bit
133/266/533MHz |
|
Thickness of PC Card Type I
|
3.3mm
|
|
Thickness of PC Card Type II
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5mm
|
|
Thickness of PC Card Type III
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10.5mm
|
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Thickness of PC Card Type IV
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>10.5mm
|
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What type of connector ensures that a device is not damaged when attached to the motherboard?
|
Keyed connector
|
|
What type of expansion slots are included on most motherboards?
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PCI
ISA |
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What is taking place when two devices are successfully installed and working with a single IRQ?
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bus mastering
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The main circuit board that houses many of the essential parts of the PC is called...
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CPU
|
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A ____ defines the size, shape, and mounting of a motherboard.
|
form factor
|
|
Name the three most popular motherboard form factors.
|
ATX, MATX, Mini-ITX
|
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The motherboard feature that includes I/O and bus structure controllers is known as the ________.
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Chipset
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The ________ is fast memory that is used as a data buffer between the CPU and RAM.
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Cache memory
|
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This memory is usually located outside the CPU.
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L2 Cache memory or external cache
|
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This sets the limit for the amount of memory a PC can cache.
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Chipset
|
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Three thing you need to look at before upgrading the motherboard.
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CPU, form factor, documentation
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An important factor in choosing a replacement motherboard is the ______ of the CPU.
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Mounting slot or socket
|
|
This memory is usually located outside the CPU.
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L2 Cache memory or external cache
|
|
Lines that move data within the computer are called...
|
internal bus
|
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This sets the limit for the amount of memory a PC can cache.
|
Chipset
|
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Three thing you need to look at before upgrading the motherboard.
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CPU, form factor, documentation
|
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An important factor in choosing a replacement motherboard is the ______ of the CPU.
|
Mounting slot or socket
|
|
Lines that move data within the computer are called...
|
internal bus
|
|
This memory is usually located outside the CPU.
|
L2 Cache memory or external cache
|
|
This sets the limit for the amount of memory a PC can cache.
|
Chipset
|
|
Three thing you need to look at before upgrading the motherboard.
|
CPU, form factor, documentation
|
|
An important factor in choosing a replacement motherboard is the ______ of the CPU.
|
Mounting slot or socket
|
|
Lines that move data within the computer are called...
|
internal bus
|
|
Lines that communicate with peripherals and other attached devices are called...
|
the external bus
|
|
Name the for types of bus structures.
|
Address
Control Data Power |
|
SRAM
|
Static Random Access Memory
|
|
What is SRAM made up of?
|
Transistors
|
|
What is DRAM made up of?
|
Capacitors
|
