Comps Aphasia-Oral Expressive Impairments

a Generic term referring to a variety of word-finding problems

Paraphasias (verbal and semantic); Circumlocutions; Indefinate Anaphors; Neologisms; Jargon/ Jargon Aphasia;
Echolalia; Persveration; Press of Speech/Run on Speech;
maybe agrammatism and paragrammatism

S.O.D.A. + displacements

-Substitution of consonants,-Omissions, distortions, additions and Inappropriate phoneme sequence

No!

The are preserved!!

(aka: NOTHING!)

Unintended, erroneous use of a word

YES!!
it exists in their vocabulary
(but the word they choose is inappropriate for what they are trying to say)

NO!

No!! No No No...:)

when the words and substituting words are simila in form but have totally different meanings (mail-male)

1. Formal VP
2. Morphemic VP

when a person used inappropriate word assembled from real morphemes -but the words DONT EXIST

Flower+Rose =Flose

(thye are linguistic associations in the brain)

Portmanteau Words

(the use of these words are common in children who speak multiple languages)

Neologisms

(some ppl call them hybrids or blends)

the grammatical category of the word they are "looking for"

(noun, verb, adjective, etc)

An aphasia transformation where substituting and the words substituted are very close in meaning

the specificity of the language

(instead they use a lot of words like "thing" and "stuff")

There is a high level of generality

the category (chair->table)

sometimes the sematntic feild (mother->daughter)

when are person cant find the word-so they speak AROUND the target word

describe the item rather than naming it
(ie: cold, white, moutnains, winter=snow)

or describe the function of the object
(ie: hit, pound =hammer)

A word that has an anticedent occuring before or after it

People with Aphasia assume that you know what they are talking about, but they haven't elaborated or given you enough information
(ie: I read IT- with no referent)

A person can't find the target word so they make up a new word
(ie: give me the floobis)


(Normally if the target word is a noun, the made up word will be a noun as well..etc)

their prosody and inflection!

They still continue to have fluent speech,

When a person has fluent, well articulated speech with an abundance of neologisms and paraphasias

(it can appear that the person is speaking another language)

Sound substitutions, strongly associated with Perisylvianregions,

around sylvian fissure Broca’s, Conduction,

Wernicke’s (greater problem, everything,

all paraphasias

repeating exactly what someone else has said, with no meaning

there are also usually severe auditory comprehension problems.

fatigue

ask the person to repeat after you- if they repeat the phrase you can assume they have relativly good auditory comprehension.

an inappropriate repetition of a response which was appropriate when first uttered (but is no longer appropriate for the context)

during different circumstances (new context, people, environment, tasks, stimulus, etc)

and when the complexity of the task increases

change tasks,
take a break (stop conversing)
Alert them to a change of tasks
chit chat while transitioning (try to get personal with them)
slow it down

use clues to ease adjustment of tx materials and approaches

run on speech

when client has:
a long MLU

posterior lesions-wernicke's

prosodic disturbancces associated with non-fluent aphasia

talking with an increase RATE of speech

A dysfunction in grammer (telegraphic speech)

the word order is ok

anterior lesions

Wernike's (posterior lesions)

-this person will have a long MLU

Brocas Aphasia (anterior lesions)

-this person will have non-fluent speech, that include hesitations and instances of searching for target words

aggramatism and paragrammatism

it depends on the location of the lesion (however, there is an overlap between the 2)

Anterior lesions results in Brocas Aphasia which will be agrammatism\

posterior lesions results in wernickes aphasia which will be paragrammatism

a symptom of aphasia that results in a dysfunction in grammer (telegraphic speech) only the function words will remain.

There will be articulation errors, but the word order will be ok

the client will omit words (articles, connective words etc)

the grammatical markers of the utterances are identical to their intended target, but the syntax will be different.

inverted subject-verb order

imbedded sentences

reversible sentences

overused and overlearned sentences remain intact

(for example: hello, goodbye, thank you, its raining cats and dogs)

thye can use "and" and list sentences together

they can use onomatopoeic sounds (bang bang for hammer)

they can act it out
Although errors can occur, people can still give you the category. for example they are trying to say Wednesday, but they will say tuesday..allowing you to guess the category

Rememeber, these people are aware they are making an error.

a symptom of aphasia that is associated with posterior lesions usually those that occur in wernikes aphasia

there are no articulation errors

the person will have word retrieval problems and sentences with a bad word order

they will confuse things rather than omit them (for example they will say he when they mean she, or use the past tense when they are trying to talk in present tense)

1. Content of production
(this will give more concrete simplified language, with reduced complexity and abstract thought. These people will have a reduced ability to infer)

2. Cohesion
(this is when people cant correctly use devides that meaningfully connect concepts (instead they just say and, and, and ) They also dont use pronouns or prepositions

These people have a problem producing summaries because of their difficulty with abstract thought

They cannot identify the "moral" of the story. Again because it is abstract.

something with a simplified plot, reduced quantity, less clarity, and less complexity