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47 Cards in this Set

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Case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data
System Unit
Main circut board of a system unit
Motherboard
Small piece of semiconducting material, usually silicon, on which integrated circuts are etched
Chip
Interprets and carries out basic instructions that operate a computer
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Chip with two or more seperate processor cores
Multi-core Processor
Component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.
Control Unit
Performes arithmetic, comparison, and other operations
ALU (Arithmatic Logic Unit)
Small quartz crystal circut; controls timing of all computer operations
System Clock
Pace of the system clock
Clock Speed
Number system with two unique digits, 1 and 0, called bits
Binary System
Smallest unit of data that can be processed by a computer
Bit
8 bits together, represents 256 digits
Byte
Electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed, and processes data
Memory
When power is turned off, it loses its memory
Volatile Memory
Does not lose memory when the power is turned off
Nonvolatile Memory
Consists of many memory chips, read from and written to by the processer and other devices
RAM (Random Access Memory)
Memory chip with permenantly saved data
ROM (Read-only Memory)
Where RAM chips are
Memory Module
Holds memory modules
Memory Slot
Helps improve processing time
Cache
Buils directly into the processor chip
L1 Cache
Slower than L1, but larger memory capacity
L2 Cache
Nonvolatile software that can be erased electronically and re-written
Flash Memory
High speed and little power
CMOS (Complimentary metal-oxide semiconductors)
Amount of time it takes the processor to read data, instructions, and info from memory
Access Time
One billionth of a second
Nanosecond
Socket on motherboard; holds adapter card
Expansion Slot
Expansion card; Circut board that enhances functions on a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to periphrials
Adapter Card
Connects to system unit. Controlled by units processor
Peripheral
Converts computer output into a video signal that travels through a cable to a monitor
Video Card
enhances sound generating quality of a PC
Sound Card
Device that attaches to a single port and creates multiple ports
HUB
Another name for video card
Graphics card
Removable flash memory device that you insert/remove from a slot on a PC
Memory card
Where periphrials attach
Port
Connects up to 127 different periphrials together with a single connector
USB port (Universal Serial Bus Port)
Connects multiple types of devices that require faster transmission speeds
FireWire port
Special high-speed parallel port
SCSI port
Exteranal device that provides connections to periphrials through ports built into the port
Port replicator
External device that connects to a moble computer or device
Docking station
Each channel;allows various devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with each other
Bus
Part of the motherboard that connects the processor to main memory
System Bus
Connects processor to cache
Backside bus
Allows processor to communicate with periphials
Expansion bus
Opening inside the system unit where you install additional equipment
Bay
Rectangle opening that typically holds disk drives
Drive bay
Component of the system unit that converts the wall outlet AC power into DC power
Power supply