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201 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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(Parasite Bug Hint) Brain Cysts, Seizures
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Taenia Solium (cysticercosis), Tx: Praziquantel (bendazoles if neuro)
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(Parasite Bug Hint) Liver Cysts
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Echinococcus granulosus
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(Micro Bug Hint) B12 Def.
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Diphyllobothrium Latum
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(Parasite Bug Hint) Biliary Tract Dx, Cholangiosarcoma
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Clonorchis Sinensis
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(Parasite Bug Hint) Hemoptysis
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Paragonimus Westermani
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(Parasite Bug Hint) Portal Hypertension
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Schistosoma mansoni
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(Parasite Bug Hint) Hematuria, Bladder Cancer
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Schistosoma Haematobium
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(Parasite Bug Hint) Microcytic Anemia
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Ancylosostoma, Necator
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(ParasiteBug Hint) Perianal Pruritius
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Enterobius
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Live Attenuated Vaccines
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Small pox, yellow fever, chicken pox, Sabins, MMR
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Killed Vaccines
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Rabies, Influenza, Salk, HAV
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Recombinant Vaccines
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HBV and HPV
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Rubella
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Togavirus; German 3 Days measles
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Rubeola
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Paramyxovirus; measles
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Roseola
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HHV6, High fevers folowed by diffuse maculopapular rash
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Variola
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Poxvirus; smallpox
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Shellfish Food Poisoning
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Vibrio Parahaemolyticus and Vulnificus
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Reheated Rice Food Poisoning
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Bacillus Cereus
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Rehated Meats Food Poisoning
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Clostridium Perfringens
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Neonatal Pneumoniae (<4 weeks)
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Group B strep->E Coli
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Children Pneumonia
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RSV->Mycoplasma->Chlamydia Pneumo-> Strep Pneumo [Runts May Cough Sputum]
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Adult Pneumonia (18-40)
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Mycoplasma->C. Pneumo->S.Pneumo
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Adult Pneumonia (40-65)
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S. Pneumo->Hflu->Anaerobes->Viral->Mycoplasma
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Adult Pneumonia (65>)
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S. Pneumo->Viral->Anaerobes->H Flu->G- rods
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Noscomial Pneumonia
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Staph, enteric G- Rods
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Postviral Pneumonia
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Staph, H Flu
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Newborn Meningitis (0-6 mo)
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Group B> E Coli>Listeria
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Children Meningitis (6 mo-6 yrs)
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S. Pneumo>Neisseria Meningitidis>H. Flu (type b)> Enteroviruses
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6-60 years Meningitis
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Enteroviruses>N.Meningitidis>S. Pneumo>HSV
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60 years + Meningitis
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S. Pneumo>G- Rods>Listeria
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Torches: Chorioretinitis, Hydrocephalus, Intracranial Calcifications
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Toxoplasma Gondii
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Torches: PDA, Cataracts, Deafness, w/w/o blue berry muffin
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Rubella
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Torches: Hearing loss, Seizures
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CMV
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Torches: Recurrent infections, Chronic diarrhea
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HIV
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Torches: Encephalitis, Herpetic (vesicular lesions)
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Herpes
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Torches: Hydrops fetalis, Notched teeth, saddle nose, short maxilla, saber shins
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Syphilis
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Torches: Hydrops Fetalis w/ son with slapped face rash
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Parvo B19
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Rash begins at head and moves down, postauricular lymphadenopathy
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Rubella
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Rash starts at head and mmoves down, preceeded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, blue white spots on buccal mucosa
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Measles
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High fever, then macular rash over body
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HHV 6
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Erythematous, sandpaper like rash, fever and sore throat
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S. Pyogenes
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Vesicular rash on palms and soles, ulcers in oral mucosa
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Coxsackievirus type A.
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IL-3
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Stimulates bone marrow
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IL-6
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From Th cells and macrophages. Stimulates formation of acute phase reactants and Ig.
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IL-8
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From Macrophages, Chemotactic to neutrophils
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IL-10
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From Th2 cells, inhibits Th1 cells
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IL-12
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From Macrophages, activates NK and Th1 cells
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TNF
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Mediates septic shock, leukocyte recruitment, vascular leak.
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CD 40L
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Th cell
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CD 19, 20, 21
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B cell
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CD 14
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Macrophage
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CD 16, CD56
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NK Cell
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HLA B8
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Graves Dx
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HLA DR2
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MS, Hay fever, SLE, Goodpastures
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HLA DR3
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DM type 1
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HLA DR4
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RA, DM type 1
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HLA DR5
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Pernicious anemia, Hashiomotos
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HLA DR7
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Steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome
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NK Cells enhanced by
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IL 12, IFN beta, IFN, alpha
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Aldesluekin (IL-2)
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renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma
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Erythropoietin (epoetin)
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anemias (esp in renal failure)
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Filgrastim
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(Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) recovery of bone marrow
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Sargramostim
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recovery of bone marrow, (GM-CSF)
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alpha-interferon
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hepB, hepC, kaposi's sarcoma, leukemias, malignant melanoma
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beta-interferon
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multiple sclerosis
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gamma-interferon
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chronic granulomatous disease
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Oprelvekin (IL-11)
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Thrombocytopenia
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Thrombopoetin
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thrombocytopenia
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Posomma Bodies
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Papillary adenocarccinoma of thyroid, serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary, meningioma, malignant mesothelioma
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Gq Receptor MOA
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Phospholipase C-> PIP2->DAG + IP3-> increase Ca
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Gs Receptor MOA
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Adenylyl cyclase ->cAMP->protein kinase A
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Gi Receptor MOA
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inhibits adenylyl cyclase
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alpha 1 (Receptor type)
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q: Increase smooth muscle contraction
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alpha 2 (Receptor type)
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i: decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release
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beta 1 (Receptor type)
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s: increase heart rate, contractility, renin release, lipolysis; maintains aqueous humor formation
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beta 2 (Receptor type)
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s: vasodilation, bronchodilation; increase heart rate, contractility, lipolysis, glucagon release
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M1 (Receptor type)
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q: CNS enteric nervous system
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M2 (Receptor type)
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i: decrease heart rate and contractility
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M3 (Receptor type)
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q: increase exocrine gland secretions, gut peristalsis, bladder contraction
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D1 (Receptor type)
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s: relaxes renal vascular smooth muscle
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D2 (Receptor type)
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i: modulates transmitter release, esp in brain
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H1 (Receptor type)
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q: increase nasal and bronchial mucus production, contraction of bronchioles, pruritus and pain
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H2 (Receptor type)
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s: increase gastric acid secretion
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V1 (Receptor type)
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q: increase vascular smooth muscle contraction
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V2 (Receptor type)
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s: increase H2O permeability and reabsorption in the collecting tubules of the kidney
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(Translocation) 9;22
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CML (Philadelphia)
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(Translocation) 8;14
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Burkitts Lymphoma (c-myc activation)
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(Translocation) 14;18
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Follicular Lymphoma (bcl-2)
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(Translocation) 15;17
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AML M3 (Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia)
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(Translocation) 11;14
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Mantle Cell Lymphoma (cyclin D)
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(Translocation) 11;22
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Ewing's Sarcoma
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(Translocation) 2;5
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Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma
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(Translocation) 2;8 and 8;22
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Rarer types Burkitts Lymphoma
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(Translocation) 8;21
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AML M2 (Myeloblastic with differentiation)
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(Translocation) 16;16 or inv(16)
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AML M4 (Myelomonoblastic)
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) Small cell lung carcinoma
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ACTH or ACTH-like peptide
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) Small cell lung and intracranial neoplasms
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ADH
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) Squamous cell lung, renal, and breast carcinoma
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PTH-related peptide, TGF-B, TNF, IL-1
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) Renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastoma
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EPO
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) Thymoma, small cell lung
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antibodies against presynaptic calcium channels
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) Leukemias and lymphomas
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hyperuricemia due to excess nucleic acid turnover
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) ACTH causes
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cushings syndrome
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) ADH causes
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SIADH
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) PTHrP causes
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hypercalcemia
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) EPO causes
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polycythemia
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) antibodies to calcium channels causes
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lambert-eaton syndrome
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(Paraneoplastic effects of tumors) hyperuricemia causes
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gout
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(Auto Antibody) Antinuclear antibodies
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SLE
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-dsDNA, anti-Smith
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specific for SLE
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(Auto Antibody) Antihistone
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drug-induced lupus
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-IgG (rheumatoid factor)
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rheumatoid arthritis
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(Auto Antibody) Anticentromere
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scleroderma (CREST)
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-Scl-70 (anti-DNA topoisomerase I)
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scleroderma (diffuse)
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(Auto Antibody) Antimitochondrial
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primary biliary cirrhosis
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(Auto Antibody) Antigliadin, antiendomysial
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celiac disease
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-basement membrane
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Goodpasture's syndrome
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-desmoglein
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pemphigus vulgaris
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(Auto Antibody) Antimicrosomial, antithyroglobulin
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-Jo-1
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polymyositis, dermatomyositis
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-SS-A (anti-Ro)
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Sjogren's syndrome
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-SS-B (anti-La0
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Sjogren's syndrome
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-U1 RNP (ribonucleoprotein)
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mixed connective tissue disease
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-smooth muscle
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autoimmune hepatitis
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(Auto Antibody) Anti-glutamate decarboxylase
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DM I
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(Auto Antibody) c-ANCA
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Wegener's granulomatosis
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(Auto Antibody) p-ANCA
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other vasculitides
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(Immunohistochemical Stain) Vimentin
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connective tissue
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(Immunohistochemical Stain) Desmin
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muscle
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(Immunohistochemical Stain) Cytokeratin
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epithelial cells
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(Immunohistochemical Stain) GFAP
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neuroglia
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(Immunohistochemical Stain) Neurofilaments
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neurons
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(Oncogene) abl
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CML
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(Oncogene) c-myc
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Burkitt's lymphoma
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(Oncogene) bcl-2
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follicular and undifferentiated lymphoma (inhibits apoptosis)
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(Oncogene) erb-B2
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breast, ovarian, gastric carcinomas
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(Oncogene) ras
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colon carcinoma
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(Oncogene) L-myc
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lung tumor
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(Oncogene) N-myc
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neuroblastoma
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(Oncogene) ret
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multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) types II and III
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(Oncogene) c-kit
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Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)
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(Tumor Marker) PSA
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prostate-specific antigen - screen for prostate carcinoma - can be elevated in BPH, prostatitis
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(Tumor Marker) Prostatic acid phosphatase
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prostate carcinoma
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(Tumor Marker) CEA
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carcinoembryonic antigen - 70% of colorectal and pancreatic cancers (non-specific) - gastric and breast carcinomas
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(Tumor Marker) alpha-fetoprotein
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hepatocellular carcinomas - nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of testis (eg. yolk sac tumor)
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(Tumor Marker) beta-hCG
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hydatidaform moles - choriocarcinoma - gestational trophoblastic tumors
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(Tumor Marker) CA-125
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ovarian - malignant epithelial tumors
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(Tumor Marker) S-100
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melanoma - neural tumors - astrocytomas
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(Tumor Marker) Alkaline phophatase
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mets to bone - obstructive biliary disease - Paget's disease of bone
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(Tumor Marker) Bombesin
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neuroblastoma - lung(small cell) and gastric cancer
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(Tumor Marker) TRAP
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tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase - hairy cell leukemia (B-cell neoplasm)
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(Tumor Marker) CA-19-9
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pancreatic adenocarcinoma
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) Rb
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13q - retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) BRCA1
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17q - breast and ovarian cancer
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) BRCA2
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13q - breast cancer
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) p53
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17p - most human cancers, Li Fraumeni syndrome
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) p16
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9p - melanoma
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) APC
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5q - colorectal cancer (associated with FAP)
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) WT1
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11p - Wilm's tumor
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) NF1
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17q - NF1
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) NF2
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22q - NF2
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) DPC
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18q - pancreatic cancer
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(Tumor Suppresor Gene) DCC
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18q - colon cancer
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(Antidote for) Acetaminophen
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N-acetylcysteine
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(Antidote for) Salicylates
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NaHCO3 (alkalinize urine), dialysis
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(Antidote for) Amphetamines (basic0
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NH4CL (acidify urine)
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(Antidote for) Anticholinesterases, organophosphates
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atropine, pralidoxime
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(Antidote for) Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents
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physostigmine salicylate
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(Antidote for) Beta-blockers
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glucagon
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(Antidote for) Digitalis
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stop dig, normalize K+, licodaine, anti-dig Fab fragments, Mg2+
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(Antidote for) Iron
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Deferoxamine
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(Antidote for) lead
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CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine
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(Antidote for) Mercury, arsenic, gold
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dimercaprol (BAL), succimer
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(Antidote for) copper, arsenic, gold
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penicillamine
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(Antidote for) cyanide
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nitrate, hydroxocobalamin, thiosulfate
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(Antidote for) methemoglobine
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methylene blue, vitC
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(Antidote for) carbon monoxide
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100% o2, hyperbaric O2
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(Antidote for) methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)
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ethanol, dialysis, fomepizole
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(Drug Ending) -afil
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Erectile Dysfunction, (ie: Sildenafil) PDE inhibitor
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(Drug Ending) -ane
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Inhalation general anesthetic, (ie: Halothane)
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(Drug Ending) -azepam
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Benzodiazepine, (ie: Diazepam)
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(Drug Ending) -azine
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Phenzothiazine (neuroleptic, antiemetic), (ie: Chlorpromazine) (dopamine antagonists)
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(Drug Ending) -azole
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Antifungal, (ie:Ketoconazole)
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(Drug Ending) -barbital
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Barbituate, (ie: Phenobarbital)
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(Drug Ending) -caine
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Local anesthetic, (ie: Lidocaine)
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(Drug Ending) -cillin
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Penicillin, (ie: Methicillin)
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(Drug Ending) -cycline
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Antibiotic, protein synthesis inhibitor, (ie: Tetracycline)
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(Drug Ending) -etine
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SSRI, (ie: Fluoxetine)
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(Drug Ending) -ipramine
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TCA, (ie: Imipramine)
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(Drug Ending) -navir
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Protease inhibitor, (ie: Saquinavir)
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(Drug Ending) -olol
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beta antagonist, (ie: Propanolol)
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(Drug Ending) -operidol
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Butyrophenone (neuroleptic), (ie: Haloperidol)
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(Drug Ending) -oxin
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Cardiac glycoside, (ie: Digoxin)
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(Drug Ending) -phylline
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Methylxanthine (ie: Theophylline), PDE inhibitors
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(Drug Ending) -pril
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ACE Inhibitor, (ie: Captopril)
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(Drug Ending) -terol
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Beta2 agonist, (ie: albuterol)
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(Drug Ending) -tidine
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H2 antagonist, (ie: Cimetidine)
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(Drug Ending) -triptan
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5HT agonist (migraine), (ie: Sumatriptan)
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(Drug Ending) -triptyline
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TCA, (ie: Amitriptylin)
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(Drug Ending) -tropin
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Pituitary hormone, (ie: Somatotropin)
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(Drug Ending) -zolam
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BDZ (ie:Alprazolam)
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(Drug Ending) -zosin
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Alpha-1 antagonist, (Prazosin)
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