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40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Identify three non-optional and two optional goals of crisis intervention.
1. Relieve current symptoms
2. Create understanding about the factors that led to the crisis
3. Restore client to pre-crisis level of functioning using remedial measures/available resources
4. Create adaptive coping strategies for future
5. Connect current stresses to past experiences
Explain the difference in diagnosis between crisis intervention and long-term therapy.
Focused crisis assessment vs. comprehensive diagnostic evaluation
Explain the difference in treatment focus between crisis intervention and long-term therapy.
Focus is on the immediate traumatized aspects of the person vs. the underlying causes and whole person
Explain the difference in treatment plan between crisis intervention and long-term therapy.
Plan is problem-specific to alleviate crisis symptoms vs. a personalized comprehensive plan that addresses long-term needs
Explain the difference in treatment strategies between crisis intervention and long-term therapy.
Strategies employ time-limited techniques for immediate resolution of the crisis vs. the use of various techniques that address short-, intermediate-, and long-term goals.
Explain the difference in evaluation of results between crisis intervention and long-term therapy.
Concerned with return to pre-crisis state of equilibrium vs. change in person's overall functioning
Identify the seven core principles of crisis intervention
1. Proximity
2. Immediacy
3. Expectancy
4. Brevity
5. Simplicity
6. Innovation
7. Practicality
This core principle of crisis intervention states that interventions are usually provided close to the client's normal area of functioning or where the precipitating event occurred.
Proximity
This core principle of crisis intervention states that interventions are provided as soon as possible after the precipitating event to maximize effectiveness.
Immediacy
This core principle of crisis intervention states that hope should be instilled as soon as possible.
Expectancy
This core principle of crisis intervention states that most crisis interventions involve one to five sessions.
Brevity
This core principle of crisis intervention states that interventions are not complex and address one issue at a time.
Simplicity
This core principle of crisis intervention states that routine interventions should be modified to fit the situation and meet client needs.
Innovation
This core principle of crisis intervention states that useful interventions are ones that client is able to carry out.
Practicality
Identify the four primary tasks of crisis intervention.
1. Physical survival
2. Expression of feelings
3. Cognitive mastery
4. Behavioral and interpersonal adjustments
Maintaining physical health and preventing suicide/homicide describes which task of crisis intervention?
Physical survival
Identifying and expressing feelings related to the crisis and understanding how feelings impact psychological and physical well-being describes which task of crisis intervention?
Expression of feelings
Developing a reality-based understanding of the crisis event by addressing irrational beliefs and fears and unfinished business and modifying self-image in light of the crisis event describes which task of crisis intervention?
Cognitive mastery
Adapting to changes in daily life activities, relationships, and goals and minimizing the long-term negative consequences of the crisis describes which task of crisis intervention?
Behavioral and interpersonal adjustments
Crisis intervention can be evaluated as successful if these four factors are met.
1. Regained equilibrium.
2. Regained coping abilities. Mastered ability to solve problems and manage distress.
3. Integrated crisis event to remove need for intense attention.
4. If unresolved personality issues were triggered by the event, worked through them or recommended additional treatment.
5.
Identify the three approaches to crisis intervention according to Gilliland and James.
1. Nondirective approach
2. Collaborative approach
3. Directive approach
Best approach when client is able to initiate and perform the action steps required to resolve a crisis, generally, in less severe crises.
Nondirective approach
A crisis worker provides support, encouragement, suggestions, and reinforcement in this intervention approach.
Nondirective approach
Best approach when a nondirective stance is not effective, but client has sufficient mobility to work with a crisis worker.
Collaborative approach
A crisis worker serves as a catalyst, facilitator, consultant, and provider of support in this intervention approach.
Collaborative approach
A client experiencing a severe depressive, anxious, or psychotic episode or impaired reality testing benefits best from this intervention method.
Directive approach
A crisis worker assumes temporary responsibility and control, defines problems and alternative solutions, and facilitates the client's ability to take action by providing instruction and explicit guidance in this intervention approach.
Directive approach
Therapy found to be effective for female survivors of sexual assault.
Group cognitive processing therapy
Therapy found to reduce trauma symptoms in child victims of physical abuse.
Cog-B group therapy
Therapy found to be useful for couples who experience the death of a baby
Bereavement support groups
Therapy found to be effective for children who experience the suicide of a parent or sibling.
Bereavement support groups
CISM stands for
Critical Incident Stress Management
Two components of CISM are
Group defusing and group debriefing
Group defusing consists of (blank) that occur within (blank) of the traumatic event in order to (blank).
1. structured small group discussions
2. a few hours
3. allow clients to vent and reflect on their feelings in a safe, supportive environment
Group debriefing consists of (blank) that occur (blank) from the traumatic event in order to (blank).
1. more formal meetings
2. at intervals of several days to a few weeks
3. provide information, process trauma-related symptoms, and facilitate post-crisis psychological closure
CISM is a multimodal approach that combines
Group therapy, individual counseling, family interventions, and follow-up services and referrals.
Identify three examples of brief individual therapy that have been applied to crisis intervention.
1. Behavioral therapy
2. Cognitive-behavioral therapy
3. Solution-focused therapy
There is some evidence that trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) reduces trauma-related symptoms and prevents the development of PTSD in:
1. Adults who experience an auto or industrial accident
2. Adults who experience sexual or nonsexual assault
3. Children or adolescents who experience sexual abuse
Generally, this is the preferred intervention for children and adolescents experiencing a crisis.
Family interventions
Harris's problem-solving approach to family interventions involves these five steps:
1. Psychological contact with family: rapport building; family members express feelings and share personal stories.
2. Identify immediate concerns, family strengths and weaknesses, and social support
3. Help family identify alternatives and create a "family healing theory"
4. Identify ways to overcome obstacles and work toward problem resolution
5. Provide follow-up: continue with family, make referrals, and/or check on progress