DAT Biology- Reproduction

Contains ovary (where ova are produced), oviduct (Fallopian tube, connection between ovary and uterus), uterus (development of the embryo occurs), and vagina

Testis (contain seminiferous tubules for sperm production and interstitial cells that produce male sex hormones), epididymis (site of maturation and storage of sperm), vas deferens (move sperm to urethra), seminal vesicles (glands that secrete mucus, fructose, and prostaglandins), prostate gland (neutralizes acidity in urethra), bulbourethral gland (secrete fluid), penis

Consist of sperm head, which contains the nucleus and the acrosome (lysosome containing enzymes which are used to penetrate the egg), midpiece (characterized by mitochondria), tail

Meiotic cell division that produces eggs (oogenesis) in female and sperm in males (spermatogenesis).

Begins during embryonic development; fetal cells (oogonia) divide to yield primary oocytes which then begin meiosis. These progress only to prophase I, where they remain until puberty. Then, one cell a month continues through development.

Development occurs within a follicle, which protects the developing oocyte. Eventually the two daughter cells consist of one secondary oocyte and one polar body (disintegrates).

Found in amniotes; outer membrane, used for gas exchange although it implants into the endometrium in mammals (forms placenta).

Begins as a sac that buds off of the archenteron, encircles the embryo and forms a layer below the chorion. It stores waste products and later acts as a membrane for gas exchange.

In mammals, the allantois transports waste products to the placenta and forms the umbilical cord.

Encloses the amniotic cavity, a fluid filled cavity that cushions the developing embryo.

In birds and reptiles, the yolk sac membrane digests the enclosed yolk. Blood vessels transfer nutrients to the developing embryo. In mammals, the yolk sac is empty and nutrition is obtained through the placenta.