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How to study your flashcards.
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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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structure of a fraction
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numerator over denominator
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multiply fraction
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multiply numerators by each other and the denominators by each other
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divide fractions
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flip numerator and denominator of the fraction you are dividing by, then multiply
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adding fractions
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can add fractions only when they have the same denominator. Add only the numerators.
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get a common denominator
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multiply each fraction by a fraction whose numerator and denominator are the same as the denominator of the other fraction
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subtracting fractions
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get a common denominator and subtract the numerators
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reducing fractions
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if there is a common factor between the numerator and the denominator, divide both by that number
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canceling fractions
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cancel common factors between fractions you are multiplying to reduce the number values
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comparing fractions
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compare fractions by giving them a common denominator or converting them all to decimals
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improper fraction
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a fraction whose numerator is larger than its denominator
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mixed fraction
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a fraction that also includes an integer
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convert improper fractions to mixed fractions
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divide the numerator by the denominator. The whole number found is the integer part of the mixed fraction. The remainder will be the new numerator.
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convert mixed fractions to improper fractions
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multiply the integer by the denominator and add this to the numerator
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adding mixed fractions
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add the integer parts.
add the fractional parts, change to mixed fraction if necessary. add the integer sum to the fractional sum. |
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subtracting mixed fractions
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If the first numerator is smaller than the second, borrow a 1 from the first fraction's integer, add it to the numerator, and then subtract the numerators and integers separately.
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setting up a ratio
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number OF goes on top of the fraction
number TO goes on the bottom ratio OF 20 oranges TO 12 apples is 20/12, or 5/3. |
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part-to-part ratios
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if the parts add up to a whole, a part-to-part ratio can be turned into two part-to-whole rations by putting each number in the original ratio over the sum of the numbers.
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solving a proportion
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cross multiply
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changing fractions to decimals
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divide the denominator into the numerator
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changing decimals to fractions
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put the digits to the right of the decimal point in the numerator. Put a 1 in the denominator, followed by as many 0 as there were digits to the right of the decimal point. Reduce.
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addition and subtraction of decimals
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Same as adding and subtracting whole numbers, just line up the decimal points. Add 0 to shorter numbers.
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multiplication of decimals
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Multiply as if they are whole numbers. Count number of digits to the right of the decimal point in each number, add, and place the decimal point that many places from the right in the answer.
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dividing decimals
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express them as fractions, make both numbers whole by multiplying by a power of 10, then divide.
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rounding decimals
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if the digit to the right of the rounding place is 5 or greater, round up. If it is 4 or less, don't round.
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percents to fraction
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place percent number over 100
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percent to decimal
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take percent number and move decimal two places to the left
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decimal to percent
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move the decimal two places to the right
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fraction to percent
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multiply fraction by 100 and reduce
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common conversions
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1/1 1.0 100%
3.4 0.75 75% 2/3 0.66 66 2/3% 1/2 0.5 50% 1.3 0.33 33 1/3% 1/4 0.25 25% 1/5 0.2 20% 1/8 0.125 12 1/2% 1/10 0.1 10% 1/20 .0.05 5% |
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percent formula
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percent = part/whole
percent x whole = part |
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percent increase
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(amount of increase/original whole)100%
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percent decrease
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(amount of decrease/original whole)100%
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averages
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sum of terms/number of terms
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using average to find the sum
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sum = average x # terms
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find the missing number when given an average
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find sum = average x # terms
subtract known terms from sum, you are left with the missing number |
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probability
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the possible number of desired outcomes divided by the total number of possible outcomes
always less than or equal to 1 |
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probability of two independent events occurring
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product of the individual probabilities
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