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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mediastinal widening
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hemorrhage
trauma iatrogenic acute aortic syndromes tumor (ie lymphoma) pus (mediastinitis) fluid (left or right sided heart failure) fat (mediastinal lipomatosis) |
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cxr signs of traumatic aortic injury
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mediastinal widening
generalized widening (>8 cm or 25% of thorax right paratracheal stripe thickening (>4mm) abnormal aorta irregular dilatation mass effect from hematoma displacement of NG tube, trachea/et tube apical cap left hemothorax |
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sites of traumatic aortic injury
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isthmus >90%
descending aorta/diaphragm 1-3% ascending aorta 5-10% great vessel origins |
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true aortic aneurysms
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degenerative
post-stenotic (aortic stenosis) hypertension atherosclerosis connective tissue disease (ie marfans ehlers danlos) dissection mycotic (syphillis) |
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aortic pseudoaneurysms
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traumatic
iatrogenic mycotic penetrating ulcer |
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acute aortic syndromes
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dissection-
causes htn, ctd, penetrating ulcer worry about ischemia or rupture intramural hematoma- same causes as dissection ulcerated plaque crater within atheromatous plaque associated with future stroke andembolization progress to penetrating ulcer penetrating ulcer ulcerated plaque extending to media worry about dissection, pseudoaneurysm, rupture, intramural hematoma |
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posterior impression on esophagus
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aberrant left sublavian
aberrant right subclavian double aortic arch |
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aortic coarctation
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focal juxtaductal (adult, htn, bp differences)
tubular (child or infant, hypoplasia, CHF/decreased perfusion) CXR aortic dilatation inverted 3 sign rib notchin CT/MRI (juxtaductal) focal constriction distal to ductus internal mammary and intercostal collaterals if not hemodynamically signficant stenosis-pseudocoarctation |
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large vessel vasculitis
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takayasus arteritis
giant cell arteritis (typically carotids) radiation williams syndrome neurofibromatosis |
