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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the origin of the term digit
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it came from the use of the fingers because we have ten digits
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List the mathematical functions that can be performed on the ancient abacus
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add
subtract divide multiply square roots cubic roots |
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the first adding machine was invented by _ in the seventeenth century
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Blaise Pascal
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Joseph Jacquard invented a loom that used _ techniques and _ cards to weave patterns in the cloth
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Digital / Punched
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Many of the principles used in the modern computer can be traced to _ who developed the idea of mechanical digital computer in the 1830s
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Charles Babbage
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Briefly describe the difference between a calculator and a computer
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computer has programs and data so it doesn't require human intervention
Calculator requires human intervention in order to work |
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What was George Boole's major contribution to the modern computer
1815 - 1864 |
the book Law of Thought was the first systematic treatment of the use of logic
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Who designed and built the first analog computer
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Vannevar Bush
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Who developed the first digital computer to use both electrical and mechanical devices? when?
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Howard Aiken / 1944
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who invented the slide rule known as bones or rods
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John Napier
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one of the first commercially available computers was the _ which was introduced in 1951
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UNIVAC I
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the _ was developed at bell laboratories in 1947 and was used as a replacement for the vacuum tube in the computer
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Transistors
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define bit and byte
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bit 1 or 0
byte 8 bits |
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early disk operating system DOS by Microsoft limited the main memory of a computer to
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640 kilobytes
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what is meant by random access memory RAM
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all storage locations in the memory are equally accessible, sequential access is not required
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hard and floppy disks are referred to as _ memory
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auxiliary
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the system that allows data to be entered and allows the computer to communicate with the outside world BIOS is contained in _ memory
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read only
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what is the purpose of cache memory
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to compensate for mismatch in operating speeds between the processor and main memory access time
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what is meant by virtual memory
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a method of using auxiliary to increase the main memory
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when the processor and the control units of a computer are combined into a single unit, the unit is known as the
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CPU
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switches X and Y are connected in series with each other to provide a function F. write three forms of Boolean Algebra equations that will express this relationship
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X * Y = F multiply
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switches X and Y are connected in parallel with each other to provide a function F. write three forms of Boolean Algebra equations that will express this relationship
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X + Y = F add
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give two ways that the complement of switch X can be indicated
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X with a line on top and X'
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give the equivalent term for (F')'
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= F
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state in words what the boolean equation (WX = A) means
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output A depends on W and X being high
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how are operations grouped in Boolean Algebra
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PEMDAS
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write the Boolean Equation that will support the statement, the motor M will start if you reset the overload R and push the start button S
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R * S = M
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Either of the two switches A,B can be used to turn on a fan F. write the boolean equation that expresses this relationship
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A + B = F
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the AND gate is a logic circuit that has _ or more inputs and a _ output
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2 / single
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an AND gate has a LOW output. this means that at least _ input are _
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1 / Low
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draw the new and old symbols for an AND gate with three inputs A - C and an output F
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--
_D-- output -- _[ ] -- & |
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write the Boolean Algebra equation that expresses the circuit
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ABC = F
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the output F is HIGH in the truth table above for _ of the eight possible sets
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one
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draw the NEMA logic symbol for a 4 - input AND gate
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--
-- -- -- [ ] & |
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An IC integrated circuit chip with four AND gates is called a _ AND gate
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Quad
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the OR gate is a logic circuit that has _ or more inputs and a _ output
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two / single
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An OR gate has a LOW output. this means that at least _ inputs are _
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all / low
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what solid state device was introduced in the early 1960s that led directly to the development of the first microprocessor
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IC integrated circuit
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the acronym TTL stands for
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Transistor Transistor Logic
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the introduction of the TTL revolutionized the computer industry due to the _ of the chip
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Low cost
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with the introduction of the TTL design using mathematical design techniques was replaced by the concept of
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redundancy
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very large scale integration VLSI techniques make it possible for several _ transistors to be packaged in a single chip
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million
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the personal computer PC was introduced in the early
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1980
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the two categories of the study of electronics are _ and _
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Digital + Analog
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a graph showing continuous values over time is an _ representation
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Analog
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a graph showing the values at discrete time intervals is a _ representation
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Digital
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Explain how AND logic can be changed to NAND logic
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by inverting weither input to the AND gate or by inverting the output
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When AND logic is followed by an _, the output is NAND logic.
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inverter
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with AND logic, the output will be _ if _ of the inputs are HIGH
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HIGH / All
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in a NOR logic gate, what is the purpose of the common - emitter amplifier following the OR logic
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to buffer the gate from other gates and the load
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how did the term NOR come about
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is the contraction of not/or
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write four possible Boolean equations that express the input to output logic
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A + B = X'
A' + B = X' A + B' = X' A' + B' = X |
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the amplifier used for buffering in a NOR gate is called an
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Inverter
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What does the bubble on the NOR symbol indicate
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provided at the output
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the output of the XOR gate is High when _ input is High
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ONE
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if only one of the inputs is Low, the output will be _
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High
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how is an XOR gate identified from an AND gate when the new symbol is used
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AND gate has an & symbol
XOR gate has an = 1 symbol |
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the maximum number of inputs to an XNOR gate is _
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2
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How is the symbol for XNOR gate different from the XOR gate
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bubble is used
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