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18 Cards in this Set

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What are antidiarrheals used for?
control and symptomatic relief of acute and chronic nonspecific diarrhea
Name 7 antidiarrheals?
bismuth subsalicylate
Bismatrol, Bismed, Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol, Pink Bismuth, {PMS-Bismuth Subsalicylate}

difenoxin / atropine
Motofen

diphenoxlate / atropine
Lomotil

kaolin /pectin
Kaopectate

loperamide Imodium

octreotide
Sandostatin, Sandostatin LAR

polycarbophil
Mitrolan, Equalactin, Fibercon, Konsyl, Fiberall
Name 3 antidiarrheals which slow intestinal motility and propulsion?
diphenoxylate / atropine
difenoxin / atropine
loperamide
Which 2 antidiarrheals affect fluid content of the stool?
kaolin / pectin
bismuth subsalicylate
Which antidiarrheal is also used as part of a management of ulcer disease due to Helicobacter pylori
bismuth subsalicylate
What is Helicobacter pylori?
a motile, spiral, gram-negative bacterium that causes peptic ulcers and gastric cancer; treated with combined antibiotics and agents to block gastric acid secretion
(e.g. omeprazole)

to diagnose:
noninvasive diagnostic procedures include immunological tets of antibodies to H. pylori and urea breath tests.

invasive tests include endoscopy, gastric biopsy, and biopsy with bacterial culture for H. pylori
Which antidiarrheal acts as an antidiarrheal by taking on water within the bowel lumen to create a formed stool and may also be used to treat constipation?
polycarbophil
Which antidiarrheal is used specifically for diarrhea associated with GI endocrine tumors?
octreotide
Contraindications to antidiarrheal use? (2)
previous hypersensitivity
severe abdominal pain of
unknown cause, esp. when
associated with fever
Antidiarrheals should be used cautiously with which two diseases?
severe liver disease
inflammatory bowel disease

octreotide may aggravate gallbladder disease

safety in pregnancy and lactatio nnot established with diphenoxylate atropine and loperamide
Which antidiarrheal may decrease absorption of digoxin?
kaolin
Which antidiarrheal decreases the absorption of tetracycline?
polycarbophil
Which antidiarrheal may alter the response to insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents?
octreotide
What should be assessed frequently throughout therapy?
consistency of stools
bowel sounds
What should be assessed for dehydration?
fluid and electrolyte status
skin turgor
Shake liquid preparations before administration.
okay
Instruct patient to notify hcp if diarrhea persists; or if ______, ______ ______, or ________ occur.
fever
abdominal pain
palpitations
Effectiveness of therapy can be demonstrated by?
decrease in diarrhea