- Shuffle
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Alphabetize
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Front First
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Both Sides
Toggle OnToggle Off
Front
How to study your flashcards.
Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key
Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key
H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key
PLAY BUTTON
PLAY BUTTON
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Atropine-like side effects (4)
|
TCAs
Typical neuroleptics (low potency) 1st generation anti-histamines Amantidine |
TATA? I'm grasping at straws here... TATAs make me RED & HOT... (2 signs of atropine overdose) |
|
Coronary vasospasm (4)
|
Cocaine
Sumatriptan (migraine Rx) Ergotamines (migraine Rx) Amphetamine/methamphetamine These drugs are counterindicated in cases of coronary artery disease, Prinzmetal's angina, etc. |
|
|
Cutaneous flushing (4)
|
Vancomycin - reduce flushing by dec. infusion rate
Adenosine Niacin - dec. if aspirin taken 30 min before Ca-channel blockers (dihydropyridines) |
Mnemonic: VANC |
|
Dilated cardiomyopathy
|
Doxorubicin, daunorubicin (chemotherapeutic drugs, generate free radicals)
|
Do a google search for "chemoman"... It'll be helpful - and not just for doxorubicin |
|
Torsades de pointes (6)
|
Pretty much anything that prolongs the QT interval:
Antiarrhythmics: class III, class IA Macrolides Neuroleptics (antipsychotics): Haloperidol/risperidone Malaria drugs: Chloroquine/mefloquine Methadone Protease inhibitors |
Wow I wish I had a mnemonic for this.... maybe 3M & PAN? Like, "MMM, a NAP sounds good..." See p 262 |
|
Agranulocytosis (6)
KNOW THIS ONE |
Clozapine
Carbamazepine Colchicine Propylthiouracil Methimazole Dapsone |
Three drugs all start with C and end with -ine. |
|
Aplastic anemia (5)
KNOW THIS ONE |
Chloramphenicol
Methimazole NSAIDs Benzene Propylthiouracil (PTU) |
Can't Make Normal Bone Products Note: PTU & methimazole have the same mechanism - if you can remember one, hopefully you can remember the other! |
|
Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia
|
Methyldopa - an anti-hypertensive, used especially in pregnancy
(IgG-mediated type II hypersensitivity) |
Direct Coombs - to find Abs attached to RBCs in vivo Indirect Coombs - to find anti-human Abs in serum |
|
Gray baby syndrome
|
Chloramphenicol
|
|
|
Hemolysis in a G6PD-deficiency patient
(There's a lot... I list 9.) |
Drugs that cause oxidative stress
Isoniazid (INH) Sulfonamides Primaquine Aspirin (esp. in high doses) Ibuprofen Nitrofurantoin (used for UTIs, cystitis) Dapsone Naphthalene Fava beans |
"Hemolysis IS PAIN": Isoniazid, Sulfonamides, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin |
|
Megaloblastic anemia
|
PMS:
Phenytoin Methotrexate (MTX) Sulfa drugs 5-fluorouracil (5FU) Hydroxyurea |
First Aid gives: having a "blast" with PMS Alternative: MAPLE Methotrexate AZT (Zidovudine) Phenytoin Liver disease Ethanol And, of course, folic acid or B12 deficiency |
|
Thrombotic complications (DVT, PE, etc.)
|
Oral contraceptives
(especially in smokers over 35, women who have migraines with aura) |
|
|
Thrombocytopenia (2)
|
Heparin (HIT)
H2 blockers (Cimetidine, etc.) Two H's (and one is H2!) |
|
|
Dry cough
|
ACE inhibitors (i.e., captopril)
Switch to ARBs (i.e., losartan) |
I don't know about the actual exam, but I've gotten a TON of practice questions about this specific side effect. Must be important. |
|
Pulmonary fibrosis
|
Bleomycin
Amiodarone Busulfan |
it's hard to "BLAB" with pulmonary fibrosis: BLeomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan "G! my lungs are 2 FIBROSED to BLEO [blow]!" Bleomycin inhibits the G2 phase of the cell cycle & causes lung fibrosis |
|
Acute cholestatic hepatitis
|
Macrolides
Erythromycin is contraindicated in liver disease |
|
|
Focal to massive hepatic necrosis (3)
|
Halothane
Valproate Acetaminophen (>4g daily is toxic) Also: Amanita phalloides (poisonous mushroom) |
you'll HAVe a necrotic liver (that's the best I have at the moment) |
|
Hepatitis
|
INH
|
|
|
Pseudomembranous colitis
|
About any antibiotic can cause this -- but especially:
Clindamycin Ampicillin |
|
|
Adrenocortical insufficiency
|
Glucocorticoid withdrawal (from chronic suppression of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis)
Termed "tertiary adrenal insufficiency" When taking a patient off chronic steroids, taper the dose gradually! |
|
|
Gynecomastia (7)
|
Spironolactone
Digitalis Cimetidine Alcohol (chronic use) Marijuana Ketoconazole Estrogens Non-drug causes: Klinefelter's syndrome, cirrhosis, testicular tumor, puberty, old age) |
Some Drugs Create Awesome Male Knockers (The estrogen shouldn't be hard to remember on its own) |
|
Hot flashes
|
SERMS: Tamoxifen, clomiphene
Note that these drugs have different purposes (p498) |
Think: menopause |
|
Hypothyroidism (2)
|
Lithium
Amiodarone |
Remember that lithium has a TON of side effects.... see p 454: LMNOP Amiodarone causes pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, & thyroid dysfunction check PFTs, LFTs, & TFTs! |
|
Gingival hyperplasia
|
Phenytoin
(one of the hallmarks of this drug) |
|
|
Gout (2)
|
Furosemide
Thiazides Contraindicated in hyperuricemia |
|
|
Osteoporosis (2)
|
Corticosteroids (chronic use)
Heparin |
|
|
Photosensitivity (3)
|
Sulfonamides
Amiodarone Tetracyclines |
"SAT" for a "photo" |
|
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (8)
awful-looking rash... google it. |
Ethosuximide
Lamotrigine Carbamazepine Phenobarbital Phenytoin Sulfadrugs Penicillin Allopurinol |
"Seizures, Sulfas, & 'Cillins" Seizure meds Sulfa drugs peniCillin derivatives ..... plus allopurinol. |
|
Drug-induced lupus (7)
(SLE-like syndrome) |
Sulfasalazine
Hydralazine Isoniazid (INH) Procainamide Phenytoin Sulfonamides Statins |
SHIPPSS Or, it's not "HIPP" to have lupus... plus SSS. Whichever mnemonic works for you |
|
Tendonitis, tendon rupture, cartilage damage in kids
|
Fluoroquinolones
|
|
|
Fanconi's syndrome (3)
failure of proximal tubule to reabsorb nutrients/fluids causes nutrient wasting in urine (NOT Fanconi's anemia!) |
Expired tetracycline
Heavy metal exposure Wilson's disease (excess Cu) |
|
|
Interstitial nephritis (3)
|
Methicillin
NSAIDs Furosemide |
|
|
Hemorrhagic cystitis
|
Cyclophosphamide
Ifosfamide Can be prevented with mesna - binds toxic metabolites |
|
|
Cinchonism (2)
headache, dizziness, vision change, tinnitus |
Quinidine
Quinine |
The "Quin"s (rhymes with "Cin") |
|
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (2)
|
Lithium (treat with HCTZ & Ameloride)
Demeclocycline (a tetracycline) |
|
|
Parkinson-like syndrome (5)
|
High-potency neuroleptics: haloperidol, chlorpromazine, reserpine
Metoclopramide MPTP (metabolite made in meth production) |
|
|
Seizures
|
Bupropion
Benzodiazepine or alcohol withdrawal Imipenem/cilastatin Isoniazid (INH) Enflurone Evening primrose oil |
BB II EE Not exactly a mnemonic, but it could help... Think of someone stuttering these syllables while having a seizure |
|
Tardive dyskinesia
|
Antipsychotics (most common association)
Also possible with other dopamine antagonists |
|
|
Disulfram-like reaction (4)
|
Metronidazole
Some cephalosporins Procarbazine 1st generation sulfonylureas Disulfram, of course |
Certain [cephalosporins] Pills [procarbazine] Make [metronidazole] you Sick [sulfonylureas] as a Dog [disulfram] These keep coming up; they're probably important. |
|
Nephrotoxicity & neurotoxicity
|
Polymyxins
|
|
|
Nephrotoxicity & ototoxicity (4)
|
Aminoglycosides
Vancomycin Loop diuretics Cisplatin |
Aminoglycosides - NOT: Nephrotox, Ototox, Teratogenic Vancomycin - NOT: Nephrotox, Ototox, Thrombophlebitis |
|
P450 inhibition
(causing dec. metabolism) |
Protease inhibitors
Isoniazid Cimetidine Ketoconazole Erythromycin, Ethanol (ACUTE use) Grapefruit juice Sulfonamides |
INHIBIT yourself from drinking from a KEG or you'll be ACUTEly SICk (this one leaves out the HIV protease inhibitors) PICK EGS (think of Easter) |
|
P450 induction (8)
(causing inc. metabolism) |
Quinidine
Barbiturates St. John's wort Phenytoin Rifampin Griseofulvin Carbamazepine Alcohol (chronic use) |
Queen Barb Steals Phen-phen and Refuses Greasy Carbs and ALCOHOL. I'm sure there's a better mnemonic, but I haven't had the time to find or make one... |
