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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which quadrant of the abdomen does the stomach lie in?
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the upper left quadrant
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What are the 2 chemicals that break down food in the stomach?
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Hycrochloric acid and Pepsinogen
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What is chyme?
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the semi-liquid form of food entering the duodenum
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What is meant by perstalsis?
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it is the wave-like motion that moves food along the intestinal tract
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How long are the small and large intestine together?
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about 28 feet
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Where does most food absorption occur?
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the small intestine
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What is Pepsin?
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a normally present gastric enzyme that breaks down proteins
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Is it possible for the digestive system to break down protein molecules into amino acids w/o pepsin?
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yes, using proteolytic enzymes
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Where are proteolytic enzymes made and then found?
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made in the pancreas, found in the small intestine
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What are proteolytic enzymes capable of breaking down?
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starches and fats
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What are 2 diseases that would require enzyme therapy?
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cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis
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What is pancreatin made from?
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hog pancreas
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What is steatorrhea?
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where fat is inadequately digested and is excreted in large amounts in feces
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What can steatorrhea be treated with?
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pancrelipase
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What do Antiperstalsis drugs do?
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they slow the movement of the intestinal contents to allow for greater water and electroyte absorption
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What type of drug is Loperamide?
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an antiperstalsis agent
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What type of drug is Dephenoxylate w/ atropine?
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an antidiarrheal
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What is the generic name for Pepto-Bismol?
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Bismuth subsalicylate
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How does Pepto-Bismol work?
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prevents organisms from attaching to the intestinal mucosa and may deactivate certain toxins as well
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What is a major concern with prolonged vomiting?
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dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
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What are antacids generally composed of?
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inorganic salts, such as calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide
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How do antacids work?
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they neutralize existing acid
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What type of drug is Cimetidine?
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a histamine receptor antagonist
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How does a histamine receptor antagonist work?
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it inhibits the secretion of gastric acid by blocking the effects of histamine
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How does a bulk forming laxative work?
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it swells as it mixes with intestinal contents
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How does a stimulant laxative work?
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irritates the lining and nerves of the intestine
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How does a saline laxative work?
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rapidly promotes watery stool by drawing water into the intestine
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How does an osmotic laxative work?
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increases the stool's water content using osmosis
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How does a stool softener work?
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it promotes the mixing of fatty and watery intestinal substances to soften the stool's contents
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What is the brand name for Docusate Sodium and what type of drug is it?
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Colace, commonly ordered stool softener
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What is the brand name for Lactulose and what type of drug is it?
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Chronulac Syrup, commonly prescribed saline laxative
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What type of drug is Zantac?
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a histamine blocker used to treat and prevent ulcers and also treats GERD
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What is the generic name for Zantac?
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Ranitidine
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What is the brand name for Ranitidine?
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Zantac
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What type of drug is Aciphex?
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a PPI used to treat ulcers, GERD, erosive esophagitis, or Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
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What is the generic name for Aciphex?
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Rabeprazole
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What is the brand name for Rabeprazole?
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Aciphex
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What type of drug is Prevacid?
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a PPI used to treat ulcers, GERD, erosive esophagitis, or Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
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What is the generic name for Prevacid?
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Lansoprazole
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What is the brand name for Lansoprazole?
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Prevacid
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What type of drug is Protonix?
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a PPI used to treat ulcers, GERD, erosive esophagitis, or Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
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What is Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?
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Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a rare disorder that causes tumors in the pancreas and duodenum and ulcers in the stomach and duodenum. The tumors secrete a hormone called gastrin that causes the stomach to produce too much acid, which in turn causes stomach and duodenal ulcers (peptic ulcers).
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What is the generic name for Protonix?
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Pantoprazole
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What is the brand name for Pantoprazole?
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Protonix
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What type of drug is Nexium?
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a PPI used to treat heartburn, or GERD
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What is the generic name for Nexium?
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Esomeprazole
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What type of drug is Prilosec?
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a PPI used to treat ulcers, heartburn, GERD, or Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. It works by blocking acid production in the stomach
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What is the generic name for Prilosec?
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Omeprazole
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What is the brand name for Omeprazole?
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Prilosec
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What type of drug is Allopurinol?
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a hyperuricemic agent used to treat gout and to prevent certain kidney stones from reforming
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What type of drug is Promethazine?
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a phenothiazine used to treat or prevent nausea, vomiting, or motion sickness
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What type of drug is Metoclopramide?
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a gastrointestinal stimulant used to treat GERD and erosions/ulcers of the esophagus
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What type of drug is Detrol LA?
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an antimuscarinic agent used to treat overactive bladder
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What is the brand name for Exomeprazole?
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Nexium
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What type of drug is Cimetidine?
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a histamine blocker used to treat and prevent ulcers and GERD
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What type of drug contains the stem -setron in the name?
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serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists
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What do Serotonin 5-HT3 Antagonists typically treat?
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usually treats nausea and vomitting due to chemotherapy
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