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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Virginia Staute of Religious Freedom
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Created by Thomas Jefferson stating that no person should have an religion thrust upon them.
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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All acreage in the Northwest will be sold to pay of national debt
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Land Ordinancy of 1787
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Gave land in territories to government to sell, set aside 1/16 for education purposes and wrote out laws for territories to become a state
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Shay's Rebellion
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Mostly made up of backcountry settlers, led by Daniel Shay...most are angry about lack of pay from the Revolution
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Constitutional Convention
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Met in 1787 to fix the AoC...end up rewriting entirely....major issue was representation of states in national legislature
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Virginia Plan
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Also called the large state plan...called for representation to be based on population
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New Jersey Plan
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Called the small state plan, asked that representation be equal for each state.
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Great Comrpomise (Connecticut Plan)
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Created a bicamarel legislative branch with one body (Senate) which received equal representation from each state and one body which received the representation based on population.
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3/5 Compromise
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Included in the Great Compromise...each slave counted as 3/5 of a person...also called for the end of slave trade by 1807
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Federalists
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Argued for ratification of Constitution...led by Ben Franklin and George Washington...tended to be wealthier, business based and better organized as a group
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Antifederalists
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Tended to be backwoods men, poor farmers and unorganized. Led by people like Patrick Henry and Sam Adams. Argued for strong states' rights
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Separation of Powers
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Each branch (legislative, executive and judicial) have their own powers to avoid the concentration of power in the hands of a few
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Checks and balances
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Each branch has the ability to override the desires of other branches (ability to veto, etc)
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George Washington's Presidency
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Elected unanimously, created the first cabinet
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Judiciary Act of 1789
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Created the Supreme Court as well as federal district and circuit courts...John Jay is first Supreme Court Justice
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Alexander Hamilton and the Bank
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Argues that a bank will create unity in the nation, accept all state debt, allow the US to pay of all its debt at face value, gives American credit more validity
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First Excise Tax
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Used to help pay down debt, tax is heaviest on whiskey, leads to Whiskey Rebellion
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First Bank of US
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Chartered by Alexander Hamilton in 1791, based in Philadelphia
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Whiskey Rebellion
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Rebellion in Pennsylvania...led by people angry at excise tax, President Washington puts down rebellion using US troops
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Neutrality Proclamation of 1793
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Lays out American neutrality from Britain- France war, backed by Federalists and Hamilton
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Hamilton Federalists
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Business men, East coast, educated
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Jeffersonian Democrats
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Backwoods men, states' rights activists, low income, farmers
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Jay's Treaty
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Sent by Washington to negotiate with England...England agreed to leave forts in US and pay for damage to American ships...angers French
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XYZ Affair
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America attempts to write a treaty with France but upon arriving, are told that they will have to pay a bribe...they leave indignantly.
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Bill of Rights
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First ten amendments to the Constitution, written by James Madison
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First Amendment
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Freedom of speech, press, religion, congregation and petiton
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Second Amendment
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Right to bear arms
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Third Amendment
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No quartering troops
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Fourth Amendment
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No unreasonable search and seizure
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Fifth Amendment
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Rights of the accused (double jeopardy, no self incrimination)
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Convention of 1800
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Ends the Franco American Alliance and France will pay for damages to US ships
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Alien and Sedition Acts
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Written by John Adams to punish Democratic Republicans, outlawed French immigration while making it illegal to speak against government
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Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
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Written by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, stating that the federal government could be refused by states
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Revolution of 1800
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Thomas Jefferson wins presidency, pardons prisoners of Sedition Acts, passed Naturalization Act of 1802, got rid of excise tax
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Judiciary Act of 1801
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created 16 new federal judgeships and was passed by Federalists, Democratic Republicans repeal all judges BUT John Marshall
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Marbury v Madison
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Judicial review, Supreme Court has the right to review decisions of president
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Barbary Pirates
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Jefferson sends troops to Tripoli to protect American ships, creates Marines
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Louisiana Purchase
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Bought from Napoleon during Jefferson's presidency, Lewis and Clark as sent to investigate
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Aaron Burr
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Jefferson's first Vice President, traitor-hoped to seperate Western US and create a new nation
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Emargo Act of 1807
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Jefferson passed the act banning exportation of all foreign goods...hopes to punish France and England for impressing soldiers but really hurts Americans
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Non Intercourse Act
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Opened up American trade with any country but England and France
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Macon's Bill No. 2
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Totally overthrows embargo, America can trade with anyone...except England
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War Hawks
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Usually Southerners and Westerners, led by Henry Clay...argued for the War of 1812
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Hartford Convetion
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Federalists meet and discuss secession to avoid War of 1812...also called for total abolition of slavery
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American System
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Henry Clay's plan...called for banking system, protective tariffs and the building of infrastructure throughout the nation
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Tariff of 1816
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First protective tariff in US history,
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Era of Good Feelings
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Federalists have died off,
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Panic of 1819
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First panic, caused by speculative land investments, National Bank forecloses hundreds of Western farms
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National (Cumberland) Road
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Built to help movement in to Ohio River Valley
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Land Act of 1820
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Buyer can purchase 80 acres for $1.25
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Tallmadge Amendments
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Passed by House of Reps, asked that no slaves be brought in to Missouri, later overturned
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Missouri Compromise (Compromise of 1820)
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Henry Clay's first compromise, Missouri is a slave state, Maine is free...all states above 36, 30 parallel are free
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McCullouch v Maryland
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Maryland attempted to destroy a branch of bank, Marshall says bank is consitutional and expands federal power
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Cohens v Virginia
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Cohens illegally sell lottery tickets in Virginia, Virginia wins
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Gibbons v Ogden
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Argument over creation of monopoly over waterway in New York, federal government has the right to interefere in definition of monopolies and business
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Treaty of 1818
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Shared occupation of Oregon between US and England
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Adams Onis Treaty (Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819)
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American purchases Florida and gives up claims in Oregon
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Monroe Doctrine
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Written by John Quincy Adams, calls for no colonization from Europe in Western Hemisphere but no intervention from US in existing colonies
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John Marshall
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Federalist Supreme Court justice, all decisions strengthen federal government!!!!!
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