Earthquakes/Volcanoes

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earthquake	sudden movement or vibration
compressive stress	pushed together
tension stress	stretched, pulled apart
shear stress	different parts of an object moved in different directions
torsion stress	twisted
normal faults	tension stress
reverse faults	compressive stress
strike slip faults	shear and torsion stress
elastic deformation	snaps back to its original position
plastic deformation	stays the way it was stretched
do rocks form elasticly or plasticly	plastic
fault	crack in earth's crust where rocks moved
modified mercalli scale	measures damage
richter scale	measures energy release
viscosity	the measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow
high viscosity	does not want to move granitic volcanoes erupt violently
low viscosity	moves easy basaltic
types of volcanoes	cinder cone shield composite
constructive & ex.	building up of land form ex. volcanoes
destructive & ex.	tearing earth landforms down ex. weathering, glaciers, earthquakes
hot spots	do not move but plates move above them ex. Hawaiian Islands volcano leaves hot spot it becomes inactive
cinder cone	form when primary eruptive products are large fragments of solid material; height is usually in the hundreds of meters range (this is small)
shield volcano	broad, flat structures made up of layer upon layer of lava; form from basaltic lava and high temperatures
composite volcano	composed of alternating layers; very big volcanoes; formed from alternating highly explosive events that form pyroclastic materials

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