Embryology - axial skeleton Flash Cards

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Title: Embryology - axial skeleton
Description: First year medicine - embryology
Number of Cards: 7
Save Count: 0
Author: c_pajak9
Created: 2008-10-16
Tags: axial embryology skeleton somites
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    • Question
    • Answer
    • Side 3
    • Where do each of the following originate from:
      - facial bones
      - cranial vault
      - base (eg occipital bone and vertebrae)
    • facial - neural crest cells
      vault - mesoderm
      base - somites
    • How are the vertebrae formed?
    • The somites fuse and then re-segment so that each vertebra has 1/2 of the upper and half of the lower somite. Any fusion that occurs is thus the result of a failure of re-segmentation.
    • The frontonasal process is made up of what?
    • Two medial nasal placodes
    • The formation of the roof of the mouth depends on the fusion of what 3 things?
    • The primary palate (FN process)
      The secondary palate (maxillary process)
      Nasal septum (FN process)
    • What must happen for the fusion of tissue to be possible?
    • The epthilial cells coating the structures must die (epethelial cells prevent fusion)
    • What causes a cyclops defect to form?
    • A midline deficiency in the neural plate that allows the optic placodes to fall into the midline and be too close together (Hypoptelorism) or become one single eye
    • What causes median cleft face syndrome? Mentation/symmetry?
    • Brain grows quickly and bones must try to meet in the midline, and any interruptions can result in a failure of fusion. Unlike cyclops, these kids will be mentally NORMAL and symmetrical.