EMT Drug Info

Sympathomimetic, Bronchodilator

Beta-2 agonist that stimulates adrenergic receptors of the sympathomimetic nervous system. Causes smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature.

Treatment of bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease (COPD/ asthma)

Known prior hypersensitivity reactions to albuterol. Tachycardia arrhythmias, especially those caused by digitalis. Synergistic with other sympathomimetics.

Often dose-related. Include restlessness, tremors, dizziness, palpitations, tachycardia, nervousness, peripheral vasodilation, nausea, vomiting, hyperglycemia, increased blood pressure, and paradoxical bronchospasm.

Tricyclic antidepressants may potentiate vascular effects. Beta blockers are antagonistic. May potentiate hypokalemia caused by diuretics.

Solution for aerosolization: 0.5% (5 mg/mL). MDI: 90 ug/metered spray (17-g canister with 200 inhalations).

Inhalation (nebulizer or MDI)

Adult: Administer 2.5 mg. Dilute 0.5 mL of 0.5% solution for inhalation with 2.5 mL normal saline in nebulizer and administer during 10-15 minutes. MDI: 1-2 inhalations (90-180 ug). Five minutes between inhalations.
Pediatric: Administer solution of 0.01-0.03 mL (0.05-0.15 mg/kg/dose diluted in 2 mL of 0.9% normal saline). May repeat every 20 minutes, three times.

Onset: 5-15 minutes. Peak effect: 30 minutes to 2 hours. Duration: 3-4 hours.

Pregnancy safety: Category C. Antagonized by beta blockers (eg. Propranolol [Inderal], metoprolol [Lopressor]. May precipitate angina pectoris and arrhythmias.