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Unit of heat measurement, expresses the energy value of a food when oxidized in the body
Kilocalerie
Carbs supplies __ kcal/gram
4
Proteins supplies __ kcal/gram
4
Fat supplies __ kcal/gram
9
Alcohol supplies __ kcal/gram
7
1 lb of fat = __ kcals
3500
Refers to a high concentration of ENERGY in a smaller amount of food
CALORIC Density
Refers to a high concentration of nutrients in a smaller amount of food
Nutrient Density
Ingested stored energy in food is cycled into which 4 energy forms in the body?
Mechanical
Electrical
Thermal
Nervous
Name the 3 components of energy output and the amount that each contributes
BMR (50-65% cals)

Physical Activity (30-50% cals)

Thermal Effect of Food (10%)
Energy input > Energy output =
Weight Gain
Energy input < Energy output =
Weight Loss
Extreme psychophysiological aversion to food resulting in life-threatening weight loss
Anorexia Nervosa
A pyschiatric eating disorder related to fear of fatness, in which binging and purging are used to maintain normal weight
Bulimia Nervosa
An index of a person's weight in relation to height, correlates with body fatness and health risks associated with obesity
BMI
Central obesity is associated with what 3 RISKS
Cardiovascular Disease

Diabetes

Mortality
What is a healthy waist circumference for men
Less than or equal to 40"
What is a healthy waist circumference for women
Less than or equal to 35"
What is a desirable waist to hip ratio for men
Less than or equal to .9
What is a desirable waist to hip ratio for women
Less than or equal to .8
State 3 causes of obesity
Overeating

Genetics

Physical Inactivity
Enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides passing by in the bloodstream and passes their parts into the cells where they can be metabolized for energy or reassembled for storage
Lipoprotein Lipase
The point at which controls are set (ex:thermostat). The body tends to maintain a certain wt by means of its own internal controls.
Set Point
A protein produced by fat cells under direction of the ob gene that DECREASES APPETITE and INCREASES ENERGY EXPENDITURE (sometimes called the ob protein)
Leptin
A neurotransmitter significant in sleep regulation, appetite control, intestinal mobility, obsessive-compulsive behaviors, and mood disorders
Serotonin
The changing of behaviors by the manipulation of antecedents (cues or environmental factors that trigger behaviors), the behavior itself, and consequences (the penalties/rewards attached to behavior).
Behavior Modification
What is the range for a healthy percentage of body fat for men?
8-22%
What is the range for a healthy percentage of body fat for women?
20-35%
Which macronutrient stores carbs?
Glycogen
Which macronutrient stores fat?
Adipose Tissue
Which macronutrient stores protein?
Muscle and lean tissue
PHOTOSYNTHESIS:

__Carbon Dioxide + __Water + Energy + Chlorophyll = ______ + __Oxygen
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy + Chlorophyll = C6H12O6 (Gluc) + 6 O2 (oxygen)
The making of glucose from a noncarbohydrate source
Gluconeogenesis
The product of the incomplete breakdown of fat when glucose is not available in the cells

(An alternative energy source)
Ketone
Under the Health Risk Classifications for BMI,
what is considered a HEALTHY BMI
18.5-24.9
BMR x PAL + TEF =
Total Energy Output
Name 4 things that serotonin dos
1. Regulates sleep
2. Mood disorders
3. Obsessive-Compulsive
behaviors
4. Controls Appetite