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129 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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context
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words surrounding another word, or events surrounding another event
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tragedy
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type of drama about serious events with an unhappy ending
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comedy
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type of drama about humorous events, has a happy ending
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stanza
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block of continuous text in a poem like a paragraph
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pun
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play on words--"the story about his electrocution really shocked me"
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parody
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making fun of events and people for entertainment
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ode
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poem written as a tribute to a person/thing
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genre
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category under which a work of literature is classified
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archetype
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very old pattern for a type of character or plot--i.e. evil serpent, evil stepmother
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monologue
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one character giving a long speech, may or may not have listeners onstage
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dialogue
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conversation between two or more characters
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contrast
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looking at two things to see how they are different
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tall tale
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unrealistic story told as though you should believe it, i.e. Paul Bunyan
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legend
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story based on a small piece of historical truth that is embellished, blown out of proportion
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prose
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writing that is not poetry or drama
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fiction
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writing that is not factual
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stage directions
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tells actors how to move onstage--left and right are based on an actor at center stage facing the audience
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inference/infer
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making an educated guess based on observations
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falling action
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events occurring after the climax, leading up to resolution
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rising action
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events leading up to the climax, tension and problems build
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inciting incident
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event that starts conflict
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chronology
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list of events in real time order; a timeline
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third person omniscient
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when a story is told by a voice that isn't in the story, and that voice has access to the thoughts of all characters
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sensory language
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language appealing to touch, taste, sight, smell, sound
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limerick
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5 line humorous poem with rhyme scheme aabba
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hyperbole
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extreme exaggeration for effect
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voice
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writer's unique use of language and grammar
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verbal irony
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when you say one thing but mean something different--includes sarcasm, understatement, overstatement
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unreliable narrator
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when a story is told by someone who may be distorting some facts
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universal themes
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ideas found in literature on every continent
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tone
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writer's attitude toward a particular subject, character, event, audience
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title
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name of a work of literature--must be read as part of the work--analyze its significance
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third person limited point of view
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when a story is told by an outside voice who can access one character's thoughts, but not others
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theme
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message or lesson an author is trying to convey through a work of literature
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symbol
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character, object, event, setting that stands for some bigger idea than just itself
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suspense
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feeling of uncertainty or anxiety created in the reader
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style
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writer's unique way of using language
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static character
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a character who stays mostly the same throughout a story
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sonnet
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14 line lyric poem with a rhyme scheme, traditionally written using iambic pentameter
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soliloquy
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one character onstage alone giving a long speech that reveals thoughts and feelings
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situational irony
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when actual events turn out to be very different from what you would normally expect under a given set of circumstances
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simile
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comparison of two unlike things using like, as, than
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short story
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fiction story with a compressed plot, usually 10 pages or fewer
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setting
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time and place of a story
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satire
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ridiculing something in order to bring about change
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round character
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a major character with many different character traits
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rhythm
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musical feeling in poetry
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rhyme scheme
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pattern of end rhymes, shown by lower case letters representing sounds
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rhyme
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when words share ending sounds
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resolution
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final part of plot where the conflict is fixed
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repetition
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use of a word or device more than once
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refrain
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part of a poem that is repeated
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protagonist
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main character in a story
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point of view
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vantage point from which a story is told
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poetry
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shortened, rhythmic language with strong images and figures of speech
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plot
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series of events that make up a story
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persuasion
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using evidence to convince an audience to agree with your position
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personification
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giving human qualities or abilities to something nonhuman
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onomatopoeia
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words that imitate sounds
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omniscient narrator
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a narrator who can access characters' thoughts
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nonfiction
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writing that is factual
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narrator
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character or voice telling a story
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narrative poem
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type of poetry written for the main purpose of telling a story
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myth
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story passed down by word of mouth that explains natural events while entertaining
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mood
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feeling a story creates in the reader
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meter
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pattern of stressed/unstressed syllables in a line of poetry
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metaphor
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comparison of unlike things which states that one thing actually is another
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main idea
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central concept of a nonfiction piece
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lyric poetry
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poetry written for the main purpose of expressing emotion
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literary criticism
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analyzing literature to look for deeper meanings
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irony
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occurs when there is a contrast between expectation and reality
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internal rhyme
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rhymes occurring within the same line
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internal conflict
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a character's mental struggle, i.e. making a decision or accepting a difficult fact
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indirect characterization
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when a character's personality is revealed through actions, interactions with others, and dialogue
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imagery
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words that form help you to visualize something
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idiom
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a saying in a particular language that means something other than its literal meaning
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iambic pentameter
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10 total syllables, unstressed followed by stressed--"I am a pirate with a wooden leg"
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historical context
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actual events which serve as a story's setting
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haiku
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3 line Japanese poem with 17 total syllables, 5/7/5, usually about nature
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free verse
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poetry written without regular meter or rhyme schemek
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foreshadowing
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clues an author gives us about what will happen later in a story
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folk tale
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a tale passed down by word of mouth with no known author
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foil
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a character who provides contrast for another character
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flat character
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a minor character who is not given very many character traits
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flash forward
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interrupting present action to show the reader something that has not happened yet in a story
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flashback
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interrupting present events to show something that has already happened
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first-person narrator
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when a story is told by a character who is in it
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figurative language
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langauge that is not intended to be interpreted literally
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fable
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short moral story, usually featuring talking animals
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external conflict
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struggle between a character and a physical or outside force
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extended metaphor
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an elaborate comparison that is developed over several lines, possibly throughout the entirety of a poem
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exposition
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beginning of a story that reveals characters and setting
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epic
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long narrative poem about the deeds of a heroic figure
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end rhyme
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rhymes occurring at the ends of lines
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dramatic monologue
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one character giving a speech to silent listeners
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dramatic irony
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when readers or viewers know something one or more of the characters do not know
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drama
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plays--intended to be acted out for an audience
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direct characterization
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explicitly stating what a character's personality is like
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diction
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word choice
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dialogue
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conversation between characters in a story
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dialect
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non-standard spoken form of language
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denouement
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the end of a story, where problems get fixed, and "loose ends are tied up"
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denotation
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literal, dictionary definition of a word
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couplet
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two consecutive lines of rhyming poetry
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contradiction
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two things that seem to cancel out one another--they can't both exist together or both be true
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connotation
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meanings that are associated with words in addition to literal meanings
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conflict
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struggle between opposing forces
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climax
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highest point of emotion or intensity in a story
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chronological order
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putting things in real time order
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characterization
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process of building a character's personality
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character
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person participating in a story
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catalog poem
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poem based around a list of related items or images
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blank verse
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iambic pentameter that doesn't rhyme
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biography
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story of a person's life told by someone else
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ballad
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song that tells a story
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autobiography
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when a person tells their own life story
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assonance
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repetition of similar vowel sounds
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aside
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when a character speaks and the audience hears, but some other characters on stage aren't supposed to hear
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approximate rhyme
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when two words share some ending sounds but don't rhyme exactly
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antagonist
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character working against the main character
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analogy
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comparing two things in terms of two other things, i.e. baby is to human as acorn is to oak
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ambiguity
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a statement that is open to multiple interpretations
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allusion
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reference to a well-known person, event, place, work of art/literature, etc.
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alliteration
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repetition of similar beginning consonant sounds
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allegory
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a story in which the entire plot/setting is symbolic
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audience
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viewers of a play or readers of a work of literature
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objective
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fact, not opinion
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subjective
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opinion
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cliche
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an overused, worn out expression
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