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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the gram reaction of Enterobacteriaceae
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Gram - Rods
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What catalase reactions do Enterobacteriaceae have
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Catalase +
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What Oxidase reactions do enterobacteriaceae have
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Oxidase -
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Do Enterobacteriacea form spores?
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No
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what is the Nitrate reaction with Enterobacteriaceae?
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Nitrate reduced to Nitrite
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What agar do Enterobacteriaceae grow well on?
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MacConkey and Peptone based media without additional NaCl
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What sugars do Enterobacteriaceae ferment?
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Glucose with gas production.
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Habitat of Salmonella typhi?
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Humans only
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What are habitats of "enterics"
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GI Tract: animals, fish, humans, insects
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Two organisms that cause Diarrheal dysenteric Illness
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Shigella/Salmonella
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Pneuomonia, Brick Red Sputum, Friedlander's Bacillus?
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Klebsiella pneumoniae
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What does endotoxin shock cause?
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fever, leucopenia, capillary hemorrhage, hypotension, circulatory collapse.
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What are endotoxins?
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lipopolysaccharide that is part of gram - cell wall. Has 3 layers.
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What are the three layers of endotoxin?
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Outer variable carbohydrate portion, Middle core polysaccharide, central highly conserved lipid moiety (Lipid A)
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What does the outer variable carbohydrate of endotoxin lipopolysaccharides determine?
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Highly variable, determines the O-antigen specificity
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What is K88?
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K antigen in E. Coli
pili antigen |
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what class of antibody do Flagellar (H antigens elicit)?
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IgG antibodies
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What characteristics do Flagellar (H antigen) have?
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Heat labile, external proteins, elicit IgG response
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What characteristics do Somatic (O antigen) have?
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polysaccharide antigens, composes outer LPS, heat stable, elicits IgM
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what tribes are positive for mixed acid fermentation?
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Tribes I Eschericheae
Tribe II Edwardsielleae Tribe III Salmonelleae Tribe IV Citrobacterereae Tribe VI Proteeae Tribe VII Yersinieae |
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What tribes are positive for Butanediol fermentation?
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Tribe V Klebsielleae
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What is the test for Butanediol fermentation? and what does it result in?
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Voges proskaeur
Production of acetyl-methyl carbinol |
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In mixed acid fermentation what is fermented, and into what?
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Glucose into acetic,lactic, and formic acids
pH drops below 4.4 |
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What is the ratio of acid:neutral products in a positive methyl red test?
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4:1
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What is the ratio of Carbon dioxide to hydrogen in a positive methyl red test?
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1:1
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what is acetoin?
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acetyl-methyl carbinol
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What is the ratio of acid:netural in a positive Butanediol test?
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1:6
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what is the ratio of carbon dioxide:hydrogen in a positive butanediol test?
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5:1
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What are three glycolytic pathways
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Embden-Meyerhof-Pathyway
Ebner Duderoff Phospoketolase |
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Which pathway results in the formation of pyruvic acid from glucose
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Embden-Meyerhof-Pathway
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What sugars are in Kligler Iron Agar?
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LActose and Glucose
10:1 |
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What sugars are in Triple Sugar Iron agar slants?
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Dextrose, LActose, and Glucose
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what is Ferrous Sulfate for in KIA?
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detection of H2S
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What does no fermentation look like in KIA?
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Red (K) Slant, Red (K) butt
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What organism shows no fermentation in KIA?
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Pseudomonas
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what does Glucose fermentation look like in KIA?
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Red (K) Slant, Yellow (A) Butt
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What organisms are positive for glucose fermentation with no H2S production?
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Shigella
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What does Glucose fermentation with H2S production?
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Red (K) Slant, Yellow (A) butt delayed, black precipitate in butt (reaction of H2S with Ferrous sulfate)
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What does a glucose/lactose fermentation look like in KIA?
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Yellow (A) Slant, Yellow (A) Butt
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What organisms are positive for glucose fermentation and H2S production in KIA?
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Citrobacter, Salmonella,Proteus
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What organisms are positive for glucose and lactose fermentation in KIA?
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Klebsiella, Enterobacter, E. Coli
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What is MacConkey Agar selective for?
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bile salts and crystal violet inhibit gram positive bacteria
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How does MacConkey Agar differentiate for certain Enterobacteriaceae?
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LActose is the only carbohydrate present
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What does red on MacConkey agar signify?
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pH drop below 6.8
Lactose fermentation positive |
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what do colorless colonies on MacConkey Agar signify?
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pH is above 6.8, no lactose fermentation
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Which Genus are strong lactose fermenters (red colonies on Mac A)
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Escherichia, enterobacter, Klebsiella
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Which genus are weak lactose fermenters (Pink or colorless colonies on Mac A)
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Citrobacter, Providenciae, Serratia, and Hafnia
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What sugars are in TSI?
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Sucrose, Lactose, glucose
10 : 10 : 1 |
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What types of organisms does Eosin MEthylene Blue differentiate?
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LActose Fermenters and non-lactose fermenters
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What color colonies do strong lactose fermenters produce on EMB?
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Green black colonies with a metallic sheen
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what color do weak lactose fermenters show on EMB?
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Purple
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What color do sucrose fermenters show on EMB?
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purple to black
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What is Hektoen agar selective for?
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Recovery of Enterobacteriaceae
- especially Salmonella and Shigella |
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What reaction do rapid lactose fermenters have on Hektoen?
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bright orange, pink
E.Coli |
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What results do Salmonella have on Hektoen
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Blue green colonies with black centers
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What results do Shigella have on HEktoen
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Green colonies
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What organisms show red colonies with black centers on XLD Agar?
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Salmonella
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What is XLD Agar used to confirm?
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Shigella and Providencia
Just Red Colonies |
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What is another name for Selenite Broth?
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Salmonella/Shigella Broth
SS Broth |
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What does Sodium Selnite inhibit and how?
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E. Coli
Keeps it in lag phase |
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What does IMViC test for?
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Indole, Methyl Red, Voges-Proskauer, and Citrate
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What is a good test to differentiate E. Coli and Enterobacter aerogenes
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IMViC
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What results do E. Coli give for IMViC?
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+ Indole, + Methyl Red, - Butanediol fermentation, - Citrate utilization
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What results do Enterobacter aerogenes give for IMViC
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- Indole, - Methyl Red, + Butanediol fermentation, + Citrate Utilization
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what is a positive result on Christen's Urea agar? What Genus?
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Red color change shows production of URease.
UTI Pathgoens: Proteus, Providencia, MOrganella |
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Which organisms are H2S positive
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Edwardsiella tarda, Salmonella sp., Citrobacter freundii, Proteus vulgaricus, Proteus mirabilis
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What organisms are positive for butanediol fermentation?
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Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Hafnia sp., Pantoea sp., Serratia sp.
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Which organisms are positive for Phenylalanine deaminase?
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Proteus sp., Morganella sp., Providencia sp.
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