- Shuffle
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Alphabetize
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Front First
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Both Sides
Toggle OnToggle Off
Front
How to study your flashcards.
Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key
Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key
H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key
PLAY BUTTON
PLAY BUTTON
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is a normal resting heart rate (RHR)?
|
60-80 bpm
|
|
How does HR change during exercise?
|
anticipatory response increases HR prior to exercise
during exercise, it increase directly in proportion to exercise intensity until it plateaus at the HRmax |
|
What four factors determine stroke volume?
|
1. The vol of venous blood returned to heart (preload)
2. Ventricular distensibility (capacity to enlarge the ventricle for filling) 3. Ventricle contractility 4. Aortic or pulmonary artery pressure (against which the ventricles must contract) |
|
Why does SV increase during exercise?
|
Frank-Starling mechanism (^vol blood enters the heart, heart stretches more, contracts harder, pushes more out)
^sympathetic stimulation=^catecholines circulating=^contractility ^vasodilation of blood vessels= decreased afterload (pressure to pump against) |
|
What is the major determinant of cardiorespiratory endurance capacity?
|
Stroke Volume!
|
|
What happens to blood pressure during exercise?
|
Systolic increases as a result of increased cardiac output
Diastolic pressure stays the same or decreases slightly |
|
What happens to mean arterial pressure during exercise?
|
MAP increases imediately and proportionately to exercise intensity
|
|
What is cardiovascular drift?
|
SV decreases and HR increases during prolonged exercise or exercise in the heat
*Decreased arterial BP |
|
What happens to plasma volume during exercise?
|
It decreases due to sweating and through hydrostatic forces...this increases hemoconcentration
|
|
How does the (a-v)O2 change during acute exercise?
|
It increases because
|
|
What are three breathing irregularities?
|
Dypsnea (shortness of breath)
Hyperventilation Valsalva maneuver |
|
What is the ventilatory equilvalent for oxygen?
|
ratio between air expired (Ve) and oxygen consumed (VO2)
indicates breathing economy usually remains relatively constant over various intensities of exercise |
|
What is the ventilatory threshold?
|
point at which ventilation increases disproportionally to oxygen consumption
result of chemoreceptors picking up on increased CO2 levels (from lactate production) |
|
Why is the respiratory system not a limitation to exercise performance?
|
• Respiratory muscles use ~11% of oxygen
during heavy exercise and up to15% of Co • Pulmonary ventilation is usually not a limiting factor except in in some highly trained athletes due to exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia • Respiratory muscles dont easily fatigue • Airway resistance and gas diffusion is not usually a problem unless you have asthma or something |
|
How does the respiratory system regulate acid-base balance?
|
-Chemical buffers (bicarbonate, proteins, phosphates) in the blood...bicarbonate bombines with H+ to reduce acidification
-Pulmonary ventilation (more oxygen= less lactate) -Kidney function (removes waste stuff) |
|
What is exercise induced arterial hypoxemia and who is affected?
|
40-50% of elite athletes
too large a demand on lung gas exchange=decline in PO2 and arterial oxygen saturation |
