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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The steroid hormone receptor is a transmembrane or intracellular receptor?
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intracellular receptor
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What effect does activation of the estrogen receptor have on a cell (generic cell)
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increases gene transcription
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What effect does estrogen have on the endometrium?
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causes growth and development
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What effect does estrogen have on bone?
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Decrease bone resorption
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What effect does estrogen have on coagulation?
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increases synthesis of some clotting factors
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What are the primary causes of hypogonadism in females?
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Primary failure of development of ovaries
Premature menopause Castration |
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What happens to estrogen and FSH levels during menopause?
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estrogen is low and FSH is high
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What would you use to treat a patient with primary failure of the ovaries?
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both estrogen and progestin
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What will most likely help with hot flashed during menopause?
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estrogen
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What will most likely help with osteoporosis during menopause?
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estrogen
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Are exogenous estrogens cardioprotective during menopause?
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No, increases risk of strokes, MI and DVT
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What is the rationale for using progestins in combination with estrogen in a postmenopausal female with a uterus?
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progestins decrease risk of endometrial cancer
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What compound most likely causes the pain associated with dysmenorrhea?
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prostaglandins
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What can inhibit the production of prostaglandins in the endometrium in a patient with dysmenorrhea?
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NSAIDs or oral contraceptives
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How do oral contraceptives suppress ovarian function in a patient with dysmenorrhea?
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feedback inhibition of gonadotropin secretion by pituitary gland
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Mono-, Bi- and Triphasic oral contraceptives are referring to the dose of estrogen or progestin?
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progestin
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How do oral contraceptives work to decrease ovulation?
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Feedback on the hypothalamus and inhibit secretion of GnRH
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What is responsible for the nausea, breast tenderness, fluid retention cause by an oral contraceptive?
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estrogen
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What is responsible for the weight gain from an oral contraceptives?
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progestins – increased fluid retention.
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What is responsible for the acne from an oral contraceptive?
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Progestins
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What is the MOA of clomiphene in inducing ovulation in with anovulatory infertility?
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blocks the estrogen receptor in the hypothalamus to decrease the negative feedback inhibition of pulsatile GnRH release.
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What happens to FSH and LH levels with clomiphene?
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increase
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What effect does tamoxifen have on the endometrium, bone, and breast.
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bone and endometrium – activates estrogen receptor
breast – blocks estrogen receptor to treat estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. |
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Why do you not use tamoxifen to treat osteoporosis?
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activation of ER on endometrium can increase incidence/risk of cancer
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What is the MOA of anastrozole in the treatment of breast cancer
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inhibits the conversion of androgens to estrogens and blocks estrogens’ grown promoting effects on breast cancer cells
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What is the MOA of danazol in the treatment of endometriosis?
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It decreases FSH and LH surge, thereby decreasing estrogen production and ultimately causes atrophy of ectopic endometrial tissue
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What does mifepristone do?
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blocks progesterone receptors to terminate pregnancy
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What drugs are used to treat endometriosis?
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oral contraceptives and danazol
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What hormonal therapy is used to treat ER positive breast cancer?
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tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors
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