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51 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Which type of diabetes is insulan dependent?
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Type 1
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Which type lacks insulan?
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Type 1
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Which type lacks insulan recpetors and diminishis the effect of insulan?
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type 2
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Which type arises in childhood and which type arises in adulthood?
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Type 1 - childhood
Type 2 - adulthood |
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What is the treatment for type 1?
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Insulan injection, Diet, and exercise.
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Polyphasia- what is it and when does it occure?
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Incresed hunger and it occurs in diabetics?
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Why are type1 diabetics starving in the sea of pleanty?
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Because they can't process glucose even thou they have plenty. There Hyperglycemic and are not processing enough glucose.
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What is one of the bi-products from lipid break down in the body and why does it matter? i
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Ketone Bodies, Ketone body are acidic and inturn lowers the bodies ph level sending a diabetic in to DKA or Diabetic Keto-acidosis.
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When a diabetic has low glucose what is ate up other then lipids?
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Protien, which cause growth defficencies, less resistence to infection, slow wound healing.
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Diabetes is the leading cause of what to things?
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glutenous and end stage renal disease
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Kidneys and excess weight |
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Juvenal onset usually means what?
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It is an older term that classified diabetics that acquire their diabetes at a young age and are known as insulin dependent. The new name for it is Type 1
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What is adult or mature onset diabetes?
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It is the older traditional name for non-insulin dependent diabetics, the newer term is a Type 2 diabetic.
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Which type of diabetics have an absolute insulin deficiency?
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Type 1, which is why they were once called insulin dependent diabetics.
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Which type of diabetics usually have enough insulin but fail to utilize it?
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Type 2 diabetics
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In type two what is lacking causing the insulin to be wasted?
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insulin receptors on target cells
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When does onset typically occur in type one and two.
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Usually (there are exceptions)
Type 1- childhood Type 2- adulthood |
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Why is Type 2 diabetes developing in children?
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Because of obesity, the lifestyle and the diet of many children put them at risk for developing type 2 diabetes.
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What type are the majority of diabetics?
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Type 2
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What is the initial cause of the problem in type 1 diabetes?
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The destruction of the beta cells which are the insulin producing cells.
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Why do beta cells (insulin producing cells) get destroyed?
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In 90% it is auto-immunity the remaining 10% is idiopathic.
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What puts you at the biggest risk for developing type 2 diabetes?
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Obesity
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What is the treatment for Type 1 diabetes?
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Insulin is given to the patient via injection or orally.
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Why are Type 2 diabetics sometimes given insulin?
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Because of non compliment with the exercise regiment and dietary management.
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What is the main thing that insulin does?
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Transport glucose into skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.
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The main causing difference between the two forms of diabetes?
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Type 1: basal cells (insulin producing cells are destroyed by autoimmunity causing a lack of insulin.
Type 2: It is a lack of insulin receptors cells causing insulin to go unused. |
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What are three things that insulin helps perform?
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Increase of glucose transport into fat cells.
Increase fatty acid transport into adipose cells. increases triglyceride synthesis. ADDIPOSE AND FAT ARE THE SAME |
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What is Polyphasia and why do type 1 diabetics suffer from it?
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Polyphasia means increased hunger. Cells have a lack of glucose crossing cell membranes even though they have enough glucose, so they go into starvation mode and use protein and muscle. The brain gets messgaes from the body telling the brain it needs suger, so the type 1 gets hungry.
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What is a bi-product of lipid burning?
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Ketones which have a low PH.
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Why do diabetics go into DKA or Diabetic Ketoacidosis?
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Because the body starts burning lipids and protein because of the lack of sugar, so when the lipids get broken down a bi-product is ketones which have a low PH and lower the bodies PH if too much is released causing the Diabetic to go into DKA sometimes causing coma and death.
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What is protein used for in the body and why does this have anything to do with diabetics?
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Growth, muscle, injury repair. When the body switches to starvation mode due to due to lack of sugar use the body uses proteins for energy causing problems with growth, muscles, and injury repair.
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What does glucagon do?
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It is often called anti insulin and reduces the effect of insulin.
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Can dehydration make you Hyperglycemic?
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Yes, if you lower the water level in the blood it because more dense and has a higher percentage of solutes like glucose.
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What should you check before you give a diabetic insulin?
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Dehydration
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Another factor that can make you hyperglycemic |
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What are the two lifestyle changes that are prescribed to diabetics?
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Exercise and diet
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What acts as a non insulin dependent glucose reducer?
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Exercise
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Has to do with a persons life style |
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Why does glycose urea occur in diabetics?
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It is a way that there body deals with excess sugar lows.
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What is Polyurea and why does it occur in diabetics?
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Polyurea is increased urination. It occurs because diabetics often suffer from glucose urea which needs alot of water to urinate properly.
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What does Polyurea cause in Diabetics?
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polydipcea increased thirst because the body needs to replace the water it lost. Also dehydration from water loss.
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What is another PH lowering cause of DKA other then Ketones?
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Lactic acid
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DKA depresses the nervous system and causes what?:
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Coma
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What is Kussmal breathing and what does it have to do with diabetes?
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It is lengthy and deep resperations. Diabetics often display kussmal breathing when the are going through DKA, the release of CO2 combats the acidosis and helps higher PH.
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How do ketones smell?
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Fruity
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What is a negative effect of Kussmal breathing?
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Dehydration from the respiratory water loss.
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How much does hydration effect a diabetic?
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IF a diabetic is dehydrated all of the symptoms will be greatly exaggerated, so it should be a priority when dealing with diabetics and emergencies. hyperglycemia, low Bp, Under oxygenation can all be helped by proper hydration.
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What are the major risk factors for Type 1 diabetes?
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Genetics, if your siblings, parents, or grandparents have it.
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Is obesity a risk factor for getting Type1 and Type2 diabetes?
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Obesity is only a risk factor for type 2. People that are obese have 10x more chance of getting diabetes.
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Which type of obesity is a greater risk factor for getting diabetes the people who fat mostly in there upper body(the apple) or the people who fat in there lower body around their waist (the pair) and what is the link?
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The apple has the greater risk. The link appears to be free fatty acids.
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What are symptoms associated with Metabolic syndrome or Syndrome X?
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Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, elevated triglycerides in the blood, and low High density lippo proteins in the blood(HDL or good cholesterol). 1/4 of the population has the metabolic syndrome.
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IS abdominal girth associated with syndrome X or the metabolic syndrome?
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Yes
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Which diabetic is starving in the sea of plenty?
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Type 1
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Which type of diabetic has a bigger range of symptoms?
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Type 2, it includes all the symptoms of type 1 , no symptoms at all, and much more.
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