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22 Cards in this Set

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What are the three objectives of first aid?
To prevent further injury, infection, and loss of life.
What are the four methods of controlling bleeding?
Direct pressure, elevation, pressure points, and use of a tourniquet as a last result.
What is a pressure point?
A point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone.
Name the 11 pressure points
Temple
Jaw
Neck
Collar bone
Inner Upper Arm
Inner Elbow
Wrist
Upper Thigh
Groin
Knee
Ankle
Describe a first degree burn.
Produces redness, warmth, and mild pain.
Decribe a second degree burn.
Causes red, blistered skin, and severe pain.
Describe a third degree burn.
Destroys tissue, skin and bone in severe cases.
Explain a closed/simple fracture
A broken bone without a break in the skin.
Explain a open/compound fracture
A break in the skin with possible bone protrusion.
Explain heat exhaustion.
A serious disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart, and lungs. The skin is cool, moist, and clammy and the pupils are dilated.
Explain heat stroke.
A very serious condition caused by a breakdown of the sweating mechanism of the body. The victim is unable to eliminate excessive body heat buildup.
Describe hypothermia.
A general cooling of the whole body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temperature, cold moisture, snow, or ice.
What is a superficial frostbite?
When ice crystals are forming in the upper skin layers after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower.
What is a deep frostbite?
Develops when ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower.
Explain shock.
A life-threatening medical condition whereby the body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result of severe injury or illness.
Explain a septic shock
Results from bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins.
Explain an anaphylactic shock
A type of severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction.
Explain a cardiogenic shock.
Occurs when the heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to the body. Could be the end result of a heart attack or congestive heart failure.
Explain a hypovolemic shock.
Caused by severe blood and fluid loss, such as from traumatic bodily injury, which makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body.
Explain a neurogenic shock.
Caused by spinal cord injury, usually as a result of a traumatic accident or injury.
When does electric shock occur?
When a person comes into contact with an electric energy source.
Explain the indications of an obstructed airway.
Inability to talk, grasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerated breathing efforts, and the skin turning a bluish color.