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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three states of matter?
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solid, liquid, gas
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Beginning with cells, list the levels of organization of the body in ascending order:
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cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
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What is an element?
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The purest, simplest form of matter--it cannot be broken down further chemically
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What is a molecule?
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two or more atoms bonded together chemically
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What are electrolytes?
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substances that break apart when added to water and conduct an electric current = charged particles (also called ions)
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What is pH?
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a scale from 1-14 that indicates the strength of an acid or a base
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What is an acid?
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a substance that releases hydrogen ion when added to water. Acids have a pH below 7.0
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What is a base?
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a substance that release hydroxide ion when added to water. A base has a pH above 7.0
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What are the four most fundamental elements in the body?
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hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen
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What is the main role of carbohydrates?
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to act as a primary fuel source
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What is diffusion?
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the tendency of a solute to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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Molecules that speed up or slow down chemical reactions without themselves being changed are called...?
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enzymes
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What is the "molecule of life" that is found only in the nucleus and passes on genetic information?
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DNA
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What are the functions of lipids?
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fuel storage, insulation, cushioning
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What is homeostasis?
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Maintaining balance in physiological systems
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What is movement of a solvent through a selectively permeable membrane called?
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osmosis
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How long should hand washing take place for?
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15-30 seconds
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