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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What responds to dehydration?
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thirst center of the hypothalamus
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hormones that increase water reabsorption in the kidney to offset water loss:
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1. increase ADH release from p. pituitary
2. reduce Atriopeptin (ANP- atrial natriutetic peptide) 3. activate RAAS (angiotensin 2) |
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cells that release renin?
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macula densa
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key electrolyte of body fluids
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Na
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important cations
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Na, K, Mg, Ca, H
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important anions
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Cl, Phosphate, Bicarbonate
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how do interstitial fluid and blood plasma differ?
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concentration of proteins
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most dominant ECF cation
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Na
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most abundant anions in ECF
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Cl
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most abundant ICF ion
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K (potassium)
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what hormone regulates K (potassium) levels?
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aldosterone (regulates secretion of K into tubular fluid)
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main buffer in ECF?
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Bicarbonate ion
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main transport form of CO2 in blood plasma?
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Bicarbonate
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most abundant ion in the entire body?
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Calcium
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hormone that regulates increases in calcium levels?
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parathyroid hormone
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hormone that regulates decreases in calcium levels?
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calcitonin
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intracellular ions
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Mg, Na, Cl
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Extracellular Ions
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K, Bicarbonate, Calcium
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what controls acid/base balance?
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amount of H+ ions in body fluids
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Normal blood ph range?
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7.35-7.45
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acids
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molecules that release H+ into a solution
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base
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molecules that bind (remove) H+ from a solution
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3 types of ph regulators
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1. buffers
2. renal regulation 3. respiratory regulation |
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buffers
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substances that seek to resist changes in ph
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3 types of buffer systems
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1. phosphate
2. protein 3. carbonic acid/bicarbonate |
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what provides buffer capacity to proteins?
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amino acids
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what is the buffer for RBCs?
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hemoglobin
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what is the buffer for blood plasma?
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albumin
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