FNM 039 Fat Digestion and Metabolism

The products of lipid digestion are emulsified into small droplets called ________ that are small enough to be absorbed into intestinal mucosal cells

Once taken up into mucosal cells, fatty acids are re-esterified and packaged with proteins, cholesterol and fat soluble vitamins into...which enter the lymphatic circulation

An enzyme that hydrolyses lipids in lipoproteins, such as those found in chylomicrons

Hydrolyses them into two free fatty acids and one monoacylglycerol molecule (which is hydrolysed by intracellular lipase or pancreatic esterases).

Which organ is responsible for clearing chylomicron remnants

In the fed state, tissues obtain fatty acids by the action of what enzyme? Where is it?

Where are chylomicrons formed?

Which organ secretes VLDL?

Lipoprotein lipase synthesis is increased by insulin T/F

In the fasting state, tissues obtain fatty acids as ____ bound to serum albumin

Which hormone causes the release of fatty acids from adipose tissue?

Hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissue catalyses the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol to...

Hormone-sensitive lipase is stimulated by insulin T/F

Muscle cannot metabolise enough fatty acids by beta-oxidation to meet its energy needs in fasting

The liver can, thus, the acetyl CoA from beta-oxidation in the liver is used to synthesise ketone bodies, which are exported to muscle and other tissues

Give two examples of ketone bodies

As a percentage, in prolonged starvation - how much of the brain's energy needs can be satisfied?

From the fed --> starvation state:

What happens to glucose concentration?

From the fed --> starvation state:

What happens to free fatty acid concentration?

From the fed --> starvation state:

What happens to ketone body concentration?