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30 Cards in this Set

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Forensic Science
the use of science and technology to investigate and establish facts in criminal or civil courts of law
Bertillon Measurements
developed the science of anthropometry
Locard's Exchange Principle
the exchange of materials between two objects that occurs whenever two objects come in contact with one another; cross-transfer of evidence occurs
Frye Standard
it is reviewed by the scientific community
Daubert Standard
the court decides
FBI
largest crime lab in the world
DEA
(Drug Enforcement Agency) responsible for the analysis of drugs seized in violation of laws regulating the production, sale and transportation of drugs
ATF
(Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and explosives)
US Postal
criminal investigations relating to postal services
State Level
service state and local law enforcement
Local Level
service to country and municipal agencies; operate independently of state labs and are financed by the local government
Suffolk v. Nassau
Suffolk has civilians working
Nassau has only trained police officers
3 Functions of Forensic Scientist
analysis of physical evidence, provision of expert testimony, furnish training
pathology
the study of death
identification of the victim
physical description, scars/marks, fingerprints, photographs, age determination, dental features, radiological evidence, blood factors, medical indications
Rigor Mortis
shortening of muscle tissue, stiffing of body parts
Livor Mortis
settling of blood in areas of body closest to the ground
Algor Mortis
body temperature cools
figure out time of death
stomach contents, insect infestation, ocular changes
Sherlock Holmes
boosted forensic science
Francis Galton
developed the first statistical study proving the uniqueness of fingerprints
Leone Lattes
devised the first workable procedure for typing dried bloodstains
Calvin Goddard
firearm examination using the comparison microscope
Albert S. Osborn
applying scientific principles to document examination
Hans Gross
application of science to criminal investigation
J. Edgar Hoover
one of the first functional crime labs
Berkley California
the first forensic lab in the US
regional labs
britian's crime lab system are categorized as
physical science unit
the application of chem, physics and geology
toxicology unit
examination of body fluids and organs to determine the presence of drugs