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21 Cards in this Set

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Classically, what is thought to be the anatomic location where one first finds evidence of jaundice?
Under the tongue
What is cholelithiasis?
Cholelithiasis means only one thing: the presence of gallstones.

It does not imply disease.
What is choledocholithiasis?
Choledocholithiasis means one thing only: the presence of gallstones in the COMMON bile duct.
What is the term for the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct?
Choledocholithiasis
What is cholecystitis?
Cholecystitis means one thing only: inflammation of the gallbladder.
What is cholangitis?
Cholangitis refers to infection of the biliary tract.
Where do patients typically experience the pain of biliary colic?
The pain of biliary colic is usually located in the RUQ, epigastrium, or right subscapular region of the back.
Name the classic precipitating factor of biliary colic.
The pain of biliary colic is classically brought on postprandially, esp. after eating fatty foods.
What is a biloma?
A biloma is an intraperitoneal bile fluid collection.
What is the name of an intraperitoneal collection of bile fluid?
Biloma
What is the initial diagnostic study of choice for evaluation of the biliary tract or gallbladder?
Ultrasound
What are the two types of gallstones?
1) Gallstones
2) Pigmented stones

There are two types of pigmented stones: black and brown.
What are the two types of pigmented gallstones?
Black and brown
What is the management of choledocholithiasis?
ERCP with papillotomy (sphincterotomy) and basket retrieval of stones
What is the major feared complication of ERCP?
Pancreatitis
Name 2 potential complications of acute cholecystitis.
Rupture of gallbladder
Abscess
What is the diagnostic test of choice for acute cholecystitis?
Ultrasound
What are potential findings on ultrasound for acute cholecystitis?
Gallstones
Distended gallbladder
Thickened gallbladder walls
Fluid in the area ('pericholecystic fluid")
What are the signs/symptoms of ascending cholangitis?
1) Charcot's triad
-fever, jaundice, and RUQ pain

2) Reynold's pentad
-Charcot's triad + altered mental status and shock
What is most common cause of ascending cholangitis?

Not the organism responsible, but the reason the infection develops in the first place.
Choledocholithiasis.
What is suppurative cholangitis?
Cholangitis with sepsis