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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A solid, unmovable layer of rock below the subsoil; part of the earth's crust
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Bedrock
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Weathering down of rocks and land surfaces by running water, wind, ice, and gravity
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Physical Weathering
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Point on the earth's surface immediately above the hypocenter of an earthquake
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Epicenter
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Vent in the earth's crust through which lava, gas, ash, and fragments of solid rock are ejected
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Volcano
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The breaking of rock by physical forces such as extreme temperature changes, germinating seeds, running water, or wind
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Erosion
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Large sea wave caused by an earthquake or volcano
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Tsunami
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Center or focus of an earthquake
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Hypocenter
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The soil beneath the layer of topsoil
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Subsoil
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Movement within the earth's crust that sends out shock waves when brittle rocks suddenly crash
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Earthquake
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Rock formed by sediment that is pressed together until it hardens
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Sedimentary Rock
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Rock formed from the cooling of magma
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Igneous Rock
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Rock which seems to have been changed from one type to another by heat or pressure
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Metamorphic Rock
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Outpouring of gas, lava, ash and other material from within the earth
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Eruption
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A naturally occurring substance with a crystalline structure and definite chemical makeup
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Minerals
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Solid materials that form the earth's crust; mass of minerals that may or may not be cemented together
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Rocks
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What are the three rock types and what makes each rock type different?
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Igneous - formed from the cooling of lava
Metamorphic - changed by heat or pressure Sedimentary -sediment is pressed together until is hardens |
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What does MOH"s Scale of Hardness measure?
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the hardness of minerals
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What is the difference between chemical and physical weathering?
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Physical weathering occurs naturally and chemical weathering occurs due to certain chemicals and it happens much faster. Physical weathering occurs by running water, wind, ice and gravity.
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What is the plate tectonic theory?
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The earths crust is divided into plates and these plates move relative to one another. They separate and collide and sometimes move past each other.
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What is the difference between magma and lava?
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Magma is inside the volcano and one it erupts the magma becomes lava.
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What is the "Ring of Fire"?
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It is an area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions encircling the basin of the Pacific Ocean
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What are the 3 layers of soil?
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topsoil
subsoil bedrock |
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What are the components of soil?
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rock that has been crushed, dead plant remains, humus
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Name the 4 different volcanic eruptions and describe them.
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Hawaiian - flowing, light burst over the sides of the volcano
Pelean - Thick lava which gives off a gas charged clouds Strombolian - erupts regularly, small explosions volcanian - |
