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58 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Causative bacteria of dental caries:
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Streptococcus mutans
Lactobacilli |
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Areas of bacteria colonies are called:
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Placque
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Gingivitis caused by:
Gram__ |
Actinomyces- gram pos rod
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Actinomyces likes it under the gum line because it is:
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an faculative anaerobe
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Comma shaped, gram neg rod is:
Flagella is: |
Cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae
Polar flagellum and is motile |
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exotoxin of cholera is:
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enterotoxin, common is 01 biotype
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Transmission of cholera is:
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Food, water, feces of infected person.
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Common side effects of cholera:
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20-30 liters of fluid loss a day.RICE STOOL Diarrhea starts off slow then sudden loss. Muscle cramping,vomiting and death of not treated.
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What media is used to check for cholera:
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TCBS agar-which will turn yellow. Blood test, ELISA and blood agar
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Why a blood agar:
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It is beta hemolytic
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THE TCBS agar reflects what with cholera:
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High salt content, vibrio loves salt, vibrio uses sucrose will produce yellow. Salt inhibits other growth.
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Salmonella produces this on Hectoen plate:
Spreads via: |
H2s Black/brown.
Fecal and urine. |
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Salmonella all strains are:
Found in : |
Pathognenic
Foul and animals-chickens |
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Salmonella key symptom that seperates it from other GI:
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FEVER and CONSTIPATION
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Over____ serotypes:
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2300
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Salmonell typhi can lead to :
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Typhoid fever./Septicemia
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With Salmonella do not give:
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anti-diarrheal
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Antigen based testing look at flagella , look for:
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H antigen on flagella
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Salmonella dies within _ hour if not in media:
Resolves in |
1 hour
2-5 days |
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Typhoid fever may be treated:
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Cipro/Ampicillin
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Can shigella move?
Shigella is only found in: |
Non motile and does not produce H2s.
Humans |
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You can give anti-diarrheal to
Most common type is: : |
Shigella.
Shigella sonnei |
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Gram negative rod, no H2s:
Found in: |
Shigella
Play areas, waterparks |
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Shigella only in humans must have come in contact with:
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Feces and urine.
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Shigella produces what kind of diarrhea:
Produces what toxin: |
Bloody or pus.
Enterotoxin-shig toxin |
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Gram negative spirochete, found in humans:
Farm animals main resovoir Transmitted by: |
Leptospirosis- leptospira interrogans.
Vegetation, aersols and fertilizers. |
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Leptospirosis:
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CHILLS, nausea and vomiting. Liver symptoms and petechiae. Jaundice, fever, ha.
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DX with:
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urine, blood and spinal fluid sometimes RAPID TEST
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Seagull gram negative shaped rod:
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Campylobacter jejuni
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Hooked V or seagull on gram stain.
Causes spontaneous abortion in: |
Cattles- campy jejuni
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It is microaerophilic and has to have this degree to grow:
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42 celcius
milk and meat-cattle |
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Symptoms of campy:
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watery stools, malaise, abd cramps. If more than 8 stools give erythromycin
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Campy has to be incubated at __ to grow:
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42 celcius
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Most serious e-coli:
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EHEC
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E-Coli 0157: h7
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hemorrahagic diarrhea, abd pain and vomitng.
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STEC leads to:
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intestinal disease and renal disease
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DX of E-Coli 0157:
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SMAC- remains colorless does not use sorbitol.
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Rapid antigen test for ecoli is used for:
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Children checks for antigens and toxin. 2 lines positive ,1 line negative.
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Gram positive, spore former, caused by reheating food:
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Clostridium perfrinogens.
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Symptoms:
Test for this: |
Sudden watery diarrhea. NO FEVER/VOMITING.
Camp test. use strep b toxin, it looks like a "bow tie" |
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Rotovirus looks like a:
Big symptom with rotovirus: |
Wheel
Extreme thirst other s/s: fever, diarrhea, vomiting, |
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DX Rotovirus by:
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Rapid antigen test. No tx; rehydrate pt.
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1/3 of all hospital admissions for hospital related illness:
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Roto virus
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First symptom with NOROVIRUS:
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ABD PAIN-massive cramping, vomiting and particles can spread 35 feet
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Found on:
Stool has to be kept: DX: |
cruise ships-highly contagious,
Cold and cool. Real time PCR |
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Protozaon flagellate, most frequent protozoan disease in US:
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Giardiasis- giardia lamblia
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Primary host of giardia:
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beavers, pigs and monkeys-
found in aquariams,daycare centers, high risk for travelers for the water. |
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Giadia look like:
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2 eyes( nuclei) and an axstial backbone. It will look fluorescent green on DFA stain
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Main symptom of giardia:
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Greasy stool- from malabsorption. It also causes gas/bloating/abd pain/nausea
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It contains this is the stool:
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Trophoziotes and oocysts
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Trophs (free living form) and the cysts has the:
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axostile which is the backbone of the organism
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All symptoms of giardia are caused by:
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Malabsorption, parasite sticks to wall of intestine-
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Giardia are ___ times bigger than:
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most bacteria
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Most common method is:
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DFA stain
red-human cells green-giardia |
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Obligate intracellular parasite lives off cells of host:
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Cryptosporidium parvum
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S/S of cryptosporidium parvum:
IT is acid--- |
Straight water- abd cramps- May last up to 4 weeks.
Acid fast positive |
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With crypto you will not see:
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Trophoziotes
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DX of crypto:
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Ova and parasites, DFA staining, microscopic exam of oocysts.
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