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31 Cards in this Set

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I may be
it's possible that I am
może będę
I may be
it's possible/ˈpɒs.ə.bl ̩//ˈpɑː.sə-/ that I am
he may wash
she is (likely) to wash
może umyć
he may wash/wɒʃ//wɑːʃ/
she is (likely) to wash
he may fix
she is likely to fix
może naprawić
he may fix
she is likely to fix

likely adjective
/ˈlaɪ.kli/
Definition
describes something that will probably/ˈprɒb.ə.bli//ˈprɑː.bə-/ happen or is expected
Do remind/rɪˈmaɪnd/ me because I'm likely to forget/fəˈget//fɚ-/.
What's the likely outcome of this whole/həʊl//hoʊl/ business?
I suppose that might happen but it's not very likely.
[+ that] It's quite likely that we'll be in Spain this time next year.
informal "Do you want to join me on a ten-mile run?" "Not likely (= certainly not)!"
Opposite: unlikely
as likely/like as not
probably
As likely as not, she'll end up in court over this problem.
it is possible that they are mourning
it is possible that they will mourn
może będą lamentować
it is possible/ˈpɒs.ə.bl ̩//ˈpɑː.sə-/ that they are mourning
mourn verb
/mɔːn//mɔːrn/ v [I or T]
Definition
to feel or express great sadness, especially because of someone's death
Queen Victoria mourned Prince Albert/Prince Albert's death for 40 years.
She was still mourning for her brother.
They mourned the passing of traditional folk dancing (= felt sad because it had stopped existing).
it will probably be washed ( by smb)
może będzie umyty
it will probably be washed ( by smb)
you may have seen
może widziałeś
you may have seen
possibly may not have been given ( by smb)
być może nie zostały podane
possibly/ˈpɒs.ə.bli//ˈpɑː.sə-/ may not have been given ( by smb)
hairdo
noun
old-fashioned
Definition
the style in which a person, especially a woman, has had their hair cut and arranged, especially if it is unusual or done for a particular occasion
hairdo noun
/ˈheə.duː//ˈher-/ n [C] (plural hairdos) old-fashioned
Definition
the style in which a person, especially a woman, has had their hair cut and arranged, especially if it is unusual or done for a particular occasion
She had a most elaborate hairdo, all piled up on top of her head.
headdress
noun
Definition
a decorative covering for the head
headdress noun
/ˈhed.dres/ n [C]
Definition
a decorative/ˈdek.ər.ə.tɪv//-ɚ.ə.t ̬ɪv/ covering/ˈkʌv.ər //-ɚ/ for the head
clean
adjective ( NOT DIRTY )
Definition
not dirty
clean adjective ( NOT DIRTY )
/kliːn/
Definition
not dirty
a clean white shirt
clean air/water
Make sure your hands are clean before you have your dinner.
Hospitals need to be kept spotlessly (= extremely) clean.
clear
adjective ( ABLE TO BE UNDERSTOOD )
Definition
easy to understand, hear, read or see
clear adjective ( ABLE TO BE UNDERSTOOD )
/klɪər //klɪr/
Definition
easy to understand, hear, read or see
clear instructions/directions
Can we make the sound any clearer?
These books have lovely clear print.
Our new television has a very clear picture.
Do I make myself clear? (also Is that clear?)
something you say in order to emphasize what you have just said, or to express your authority
I will not tolerate this behaviour any longer. Do I make myself clear?
enough
determiner pronoun adverb
Definition
•
as much as is necessary; in the amount or to the degree needed
enough determiner pronoun adverb
/ɪˈnʌf/
Definition
•
as much as is necessary; in the amount or to the degree/dɪˈgriː/ needed
Is there enough cake/Are there enough cakes for everyone?
There are 25 textbooks per class. That should be enough.
Have you had enough (to eat)?
I know enough about art to recognize/ˈrek.əg.naɪz/ a masterpiece when I see one.
He's tall enough to change the bulb without getting on a chair.
•
as much as or more than is wanted
[+ to infinitive] I've got enough work to do at the moment, without being given any more.
Half an hour in his company is quite enough!
Stop. You've made enough of a (= a lot of) mess already.
You've drunk more than enough (= too much) already.
I've seen/heard enough now (= I do not want to see/hear any more).
I've had enough of your excuses (= I want them to stop).
Enough of this/US Enough already (= Stop)! I don't want to discuss it any more.
lunar
adjective
Definition
of or relating to the moon
lunar adjective
/ˈluː.nər//-nɚ/
Definition
of or relating to the moon
the lunar surface/ˈsɜː.fɪs//ˈsɝː-/
lunar calendar/ˈkæl.ɪn.dər //-dɚ/
complete
verb ( MAKE WHOLE )
Definition
•
to make whole or perfect
complete verb ( MAKE WHOLE/həʊl//hoʊl/ )
/kəmˈpliːt/ [T]
Definition
•
to make whole or perfect
Complete the sentence with one of the adjectives provided.
He only needs two more cards to complete the set.
All she needed to complete her happiness was a baby.
•
to write all the details asked for on a form or other document
Have you completed your application form yet?
union
noun ( JOINING )
Definition
[S or U] the act or the state of being joined together
union noun ( JOINING )
/ˈjuː.ni.ən/
Definition
[S or U] the act or the state of being joined together/təˈgeð.ər //-ɚ/
Meanwhile/ˈmiːn.waɪl/ the debate/dɪˈbeɪt/ on European political/pəˈlɪt.ɪ.kəl//-ˈlɪt ̬.ə-/ and monetary/ˈmʌn.ɪ.tri/ union continues/kənˈtɪn.juː/.
formal or old use She believes that the union (= marriage) of man and woman in holy matrimony is for ever.
nervous
adjective ( WORRIED )
Definition
worried and anxious
nervous adjective ( WORRIED )
/ˈnɜː.vəs//ˈnɝː-/
Definition
worried and anxious/ˈæŋk .ʃəs/(niespokojny)
Do you feel/get nervous during exams?
I was too nervous to speak.
She's always been nervous around dogs.
I was very nervous about driving again after the accident.
He had/was of a nervous disposition.
heel
noun ( BODY PART )
Definition
•
the rounded back part of the foot
heel noun ( BODY PART )
/hiːl/ [C]
Definition
•
the rounded back part of the foot
See also: well-heeled/ˌwelˈhiːld/
Definition
rich
His family was very well-heeled.
•
the part of a sock or shoe which covers/ˈkʌv.ər //-ɚ/ the heel of the foot
•
the raised part at the back of a shoe, under your heel
handshake
noun
Definition
a greeting, or an act showing that you have made an agreement, in which two people who are facing each other take hold of and shake each other's right hand
handshake noun
/ˈhænd.ʃeɪk/ [C]
Definition
a greeting, or an act showing that you have made an agreement, in which two people who are facing each other take hold of and shake each other's right hand
He welcomed me with a wide smile and a warm handshake.
found
verb ( FIND )
Definition
past simple and past participle of find
found verb ( FIND )
/faʊnd/
Definition
past simple and past participle/pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.pl ̩//ˈpɑːr.tɪ.sɪ-/ of find
classmate
noun
Definition
someone who is in the same class as you at school
classmate noun
/ˈklɑːs.meɪt//ˈklæs-/ [C]
Definition
someone who is in the same class as you at school
roommate
noun
Definition
•
a person who you share a room with for a period of time
roommate noun
/ˈrʊm.meɪt/, /ˈruːm-/ [C]
Definition
•
a person who you share a room with for a period of time
Jean was my roommate during our first year at university/ˌjuː.nɪˈvɜː.sɪ.ti//-ˈvɝː.sə.t ̬i/.
•
US (UK housemate , UK flatmate) a person who you share an apartment or house with
Brian's moving out next month, so we're looking for another roommate to share our apartment.
Shipping experts say it is unclear why such a modern luxury liner should have hit rocks in well-charted, calm waters.
eksperci Żeglugi twierdzą, że jest niejasne, dlaczego taki nowoczesny luksusowy liniowiec mógł uderzyć skał na dobrze skartografowanychi, spokojnych wodach.
Shipping experts/ˈek.spɜːt//-spɝːt/ say it is unclear/ʌnˈklɪər//-ˈklɪr/ why such a modern luxury/ˈlʌk.ʃər.i//-ʃɚ-/ liner should have hit rocks in well-charted/tʃɑːt//tʃɑːrt/, calm/kɑːm/ waters.
identify
verb
Definition
•
to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what they are
identify verb
/aɪˈden.tɪ.faɪ//-t ̬ə-/ [T]
Definition
•
to recognize/ˈrek.əg.naɪz/ someone or something and say or prove who or what they are
Even the smallest baby can identify its mother by her voice.
The gunman in Wednesday's/ˈwenz.deɪ/ attack has been identified as Lee Giggs, an unemployed truck driver.
[R] The police officer identified himself (= gave his name or proved who he was) and asked for our help.
•
to recognize a problem, need, fact, etc. and to show that it exists
The research will be used to identify training needs.
You need to identify your priorities.
threaten
verb
Definition
•
[T] to tell someone that you will kill or hurt them, or cause problems for them if they do not do what you want
threaten verb
/ˈθret.ən/
Definition
•
[T] to tell someone that you will kill or hurt them, or cause problems for them if they do not do what you want
They threatened the shopkeeper with a gun.
[+ to infinitive] They threatened to kill him unless he did as they asked.
•
[T] to be likely to cause harm or damage to something or someone
Changing patterns of agriculture are threatening the countryside.
•
[I] If something bad threatens to happen, it is likely to happen
Look at those clouds! There's a storm threatening.
Brush fire threatens Nevada city.
Kita ognia grozi miastu Nevada
Brush fire threatens/ˈθret.ən/ Nevada city.
Some 10,000 people are forced to flee their homes as a brush fires is moving towards the city of Reno in the US state of Nevada.
Około 10.000 (thousand) ludzi jset zmuszenych do opuszczenia swoich domów bo pożar buszu zmierza w kierunku miasta Reno w amerykańskim stanie Nevada.
Some 10,000 (thousand/ˈθaʊ.zənd/) people are forced/fɔːst//fɔːrst/ to flee their homes as a brush fires/faɪər //faɪr/ is moving/ˈmuː.vɪŋ/ towards/təˈwɔːdz//tʊˈwɔːrdz/ the city of Reno in the US state of Nevada.
Nigeria imposed a 24-hour curfew Saturday in the northern city of Kano after assailants killed scores of people and wounded others in a hail of gunfire and coordinated bombings of eight government sites.
Nigeria nałożyła 24-godziny policyjnej w sobotę w północnym mieście Kano po napastnicy zabili dziesiątki osób, a innych rannili pod gradem kul i skoordynowanych zamachów bombowych ośmiu rządowych obiektów.
Nigeria imposed/ɪmˈpəʊz//-ˈpoʊz/(nakładać) a 24-hour curfew/ˈkɜː.fjuː//ˈkɝː-/ Saturday in the northern/ˈnɔː.ðən//ˈnɔːr.ðɚn/ city of Kano after assailants/əˈseɪ.lənt/ killed scores/skɔːr//skɔːr/ of people and wounded/ˈwuːn.dɪd/ others in a hail/heɪl/ of gunfire and coordinated/kəʊˈɔː.dɪ.neɪ.tɪd/ bombings/ˈbɒm.ɪŋ//ˈbɑː.mɪŋ/ of eight government sites.
collocation
noun
specialized
Definition
•
a word or phrase which is often used with another word or phrase, in a way that sounds correct to people who have spoken the language all their lives, but might not be expected from the meaning
collocation noun
/ˌkɒl.əʊ ˈkeɪ.ʃən//ˌkɑː.lə-/ specialized
Definition
•
[C] (also collocate/ˈkɒl.əʊ .keɪt//ˈkɑː.lə-/) a word or phrase which is often used with another word or phrase, in a way that sounds correct to people who have spoken the language all their lives, but might not be expected from the meaning
In the phrase 'a hard frost', 'hard' is a collocation of 'frost' and 'strong' would not sound natural.
•
[C] the combination of words formed when two or more words are often used together/təˈgeð.ər //-ɚ/ in a way that sounds correct
The phrase 'a hard frost' is a collocation.
•
[U] the regular use of some words and phrases with others, especially in a way which is difficult to guess
guess
verb
Definition
•
to give an answer to a particular question when you do not have all the facts and so cannot be certain if you are correct
guess verb
/ges/ [I or T]
Definition
•
to give an answer to a particular question when you do not have all the facts and so cannot be certain if you are correct
I didn't know the answer, so I had to guess.
On the last question, she guessed right/wrong.
[+ question word] Guess when this was built.
[+ (that)] I guessed (that) she was your sister.
She asked me to guess her age.
I guessed the total amount to be about £50,000.
•
to give the correct answer or make the correct judgment
[+ question word] I bet you can't guess how old he is.
She guessed the answer first time.
"You've got a new job, haven't you?" "Yes, how did you guess?"
Guess what? informal
used before telling someone something interesting or surprising
Guess what? We won the match 4-0.
I guess
informal used when you believe something is true or likely but are not certain
[+ (that)] I guess (that) things are pretty hard for you now.
example
noun ( TYPICAL CASE )
Definition
•
something which is typical of the group of things that it is a member of
example noun ( TYPICAL/ˈtɪp.ɪ.kəl/ CASE )
/ɪgˈzɑːm.pl ̩//-ˈzæm-/ [C]
Definition
•
something which is typical of the group of things that it is a member of
Could you give me an example of the improvements you have mentioned?
This painting is a marvellous example of her work.
See also: exemplify
•
a way of helping someone to understand something by showing them how it is used
Study the examples first of all, then attempt the exercises on the next page.
for example
used when giving an example of the type of thing you mean
Offices can easily become more environmentally-friendly by, for example, using recycled paper.
Mitt Romney went after his surging rival Newt Gingrich early in the GOP presidential debate Monday, saying Gingrich was the only House speaker to resign in disgrace.
Mitt Romney gonił swojego gwałtownie rosnącego rywala Newt Gingrich na początku poniedziałkowej prezydenckiej debaty GOP mówiąc Gingrich był jedynym marszałkiem Izby ustępującym w niesławie.
Mitt Romney went after his surging/sɜːdʒ//sɝːdʒ/ rival/ˈraɪ.vəl/ Newt Gingrich early/ˈɜː.li//ˈɝː-/ in the GOP presidential/ˌprez.ɪˈden.t ʃəl/ debate/dɪˈbeɪt/ Monday, saying Gingrich was the only House speaker to resign/rɪˈzaɪn/ in disgrace/dɪsˈgreɪs/.