Gre Red Bible 501-1000

ASSOCIATE adj. 联合的; n.合伙人v. 将人或事物联系起来(英) adj. 联合的(joined);n.合伙人(partner, colleague);v. 将人或事物联系起来( join people or things together)(考) politic : offend / aloof : associate(精明的[人]不易冒犯 /冷漠的[人]不易合作)(记) as(加强)+soci(同伴, 引申为'社会')+ate→ 成为社团→联合(同) 派生词: association (n. 联合, 联盟, 协会))

ASSORTED adj. 混杂的(英) adj. 混杂的( mixed)(记) as+sort(种类)+ed→ 把各种东西放到一起 →混杂的

ASSUAGE v. 缓和，减轻(英) v. 缓和，减轻(to lessen, allay, relieve)(考) assuage : sorrow / dampen : ardor / muffle : sound(缓和减少痛苦/沮丧 减少热情/蒙住减小声 音)反义词：gall(使烦恼 ); intensify(强化); inflame(燃烧) ; harrow(使痛苦)(记) as+suage(甜)→变甜 →缓和(同) 同根词：suave(温和 的，讨好人的)

ASSUME v. 假定; 承担,担任(英) v. 假定(accept sth as true before there is proof);承担,担任(take on duties, responsibilities)(考) 反义词：abdicate(放 弃); refuse(拒绝)(记) as(加强动作)+sume( 拿,取) →拿住→承担(责任)(同) 派生词: assumption (n. 假定, 设想; 承担)

ASSUMED adj. 假装的,假的(英) adj. 假装的,假的(pretend ed, false)

ASSURE v. 向某人保证, 确信(英) v. 向某人保证, 确信(tell sb positively )(记) as(一再)+sure(肯定) →一再肯定→确信(同) 派生词: assurance(n. 自信；保证)

ASSURED adj. 自信的; 确定的(英) adj. 自信的(confident)；确定的(made sure; certain)(同) 派生词: assuredness (n. 镇静,沉着)

ASTEROID n. 小行星(英) n. 小行星(small planet)

ASTHMA n. 哮喘症(记) 按发音分割记忆:as-t h-ma,中间的th不发音

ASTIGMATIC adj. 散光的，乱视的(记) a+stigma(污点)+tic →看不见污点→散光的(同) 派生词: astigmatism (n. 散光)同根词：stigmatize (玷污)

ASTONISHED adj. 惊讶的(英) 吃惊的(very surprised)(考) moist : sodden / surprised : astonished(潮湿过分为湿透的/ 吃惊过分为惊讶的)(例) She looked astonished when she heard the news

ASTONISHING adj. 使人惊讶的(英) adj. 使人惊讶的(very surprising)(例) I find it quite astonishing that none of you liked the play.

ASTONISHMENT n. 大吃一惊(英) 惊讶,惊奇(great surprise)(考) pleasure : ecstasy / surprise : astonishment(高兴过分为狂喜/吃 惊过分为大吃一惊)(例) Imagine my astonishment when Peter walked in!

ASTOUND v. 使震惊(英) v. 使震惊(overcome sb with surprise )(例) We were astounded to read your letter.

ASTOUNDING adj. 使人震惊的(英) adj. 使人震惊的(amazing)(考) indelible : forget / astounding : expect(抹不去的无法忘记/ 震惊的无法预期)(例) The figures revealed by the report are astounding.

ASTRAL adj. 星状的(英) adj. 星状的(relating to the stars)(记) astr(星星)+al

ASTRAY adj. 迷路的，误入歧途的(英) adj. 迷路的，误入歧途的( off the right path or way)(记) a+stray(走离)，stra y(走离，迷路)也是一 个单词

ASTRINGENT adj. 止血的，收缩的; n. 收缩剂，止血剂(英) adj. 止血的，收缩的(that contracts body tissue and checks secretions or bleeding)n. 收缩剂，止血剂(an astringent substance )(考) astringent : pucker(contraction) / spark : ignition / anesthetic : insensibility(收缩剂造成收缩/火 花造成点燃/麻醉剂造 成麻木)(记) a+string(绑紧)+ent →绑紧的→收缩的(同) 同根词：stringent( 严格的，严厉的)

ASTROLABE n. 星盘(古代星位观测仪 )(考) astrolabe : nautical / colander : culinary(星盘是航海工具/滤 器是烹调工具)(记) astro(星)+labe(结构 成分，表示名词)

ASTROLOGY n. 占星学，占星术(英) n. 占星学，占星术(prim itive astronomy)(考) astrology : astronomy / alchemy : chemistry(占星术不是天文学/ 炼金术不是化学)(记) astro(星)+ology→占 星学;(同) 参考：astronomy(天 文学)派生词: astrologer (n. 占星家)

ASTRONOMY n. 天文学(英) n. 天文学(scientific study of the sun, moon, stars, planets)(考) observatory : astronomy / conservatory : music(天文台是研究天文的 地方/音乐学院是研究 音乐的地方)scalpel : surgeon / telescope : astronomer(外科医生的工具是手 术刀/天文学家的工具 是望远镜)(记) astro(星星)+nomy(学 科) →研究星星的学科→ 天文学(同) 派生词: astronomer ( n. 天文学家)); astronomical (adj. 天文学的)

ASTUTE adj. 机敏的，精明的(英) adj. 机敏的，精明的(show ing clever or shrewd mind; cunning; crafty)(记) 来自拉丁文astus(灵 活)(例) The astute reader noticed that the author had ignored a crucial fact.

ASUNDER adv. 分离; 化为碎片(英) adv. 分离(apart or separate)；化为碎片(into pices)(记) 分割记忆：as-under(例) The war forced the parents and children asunder.

ASYLUM n. 避难所，庇护所(英) n. 避难所，庇护所(refu ge; shelter)(记) a+sylum(逮捕)→不被 逮捕→庇护所(流浪汉 露宿街头会被抓起来)

ASYMMETRIC adj.不对称的(英) adj.不对称的(being lack of symmetry)(考) circular : asymmetrical / protean : rigid(圆的不是不对称的/ 多变的不是僵化的)(记) a+sym(同)+metr(测量 )+ic→测量不同→不 对称的;(同) 也作asymmetrical参考：symmetry(对称 )

ASYMPTOMATIC adj. [医] 无症状的(英) adj. [医] 无症状的(having no symtoms of illness )

ASYNCHRONOUS adj.不同时的(英) adj.不同时的(not occuring at the same time)

ATAVISM n.返祖现象(英) n.返祖现象(resembla nce to remote ancestors rather than to parents)

ATHEISM n.无神论，不信神(英) n.无神论，不信神(th e belief that there is no god)(记) a+the(神)+ism→无神 论(同) 派生词: atheistic adj.无神论者的同根词：pantheism( 多神崇拜); theology(神学)

ATHLETICS n. 运动，体育(英) n. 运动，体育(sports, games, exercises)(考) athlete : trophy / soldier : medal(运动员获得奖杯/士 兵获得勋章)(记) athlet(竞赛)+ics→ 竞赛之事→体育(同) 同根词：athlete(运 动员)

ATLAS n.地图集(英) n.地图集(a book of maps)(记) 来自希腊神话人物Atl as'阿特拉斯'，他被 天神宙斯惩罚在肩上 扛着地球

ATOM n. 原子，微粒(考) molecule : atoms / tissue : cells(原子构成分子/细胞 构成组织)matrix : numbers / crystal : atoms(数字排列形成矩阵/ 原子排列形成晶体)

ATONAL adj. (音乐)无调的(英) adj. (音乐)无调的(withou t a tonal center or key)(记) a+ton(声音)+al→无 声的→无调的(同) 同根词：monotone(单 调); tonetics(声调学)

ATONE v.赎罪，补偿(英) v.赎罪，补偿(to make amends for a wrongdoing)(记) 分割分忆：at-one(一 次性补偿)(同) 派生词: atonement n.赎罪，弥补(例) Jane felt the need to atone for her misdeeds.

ATROCIOUS adj.残忍的，凶恶的(英) adj.残忍的，凶恶的( very cruel, evil, brutal, outrageous)(考) atrocious :bad / momentous : important(凶恶的是非常坏/重 大的是非常重要)(记) atroc(阴沉，凶残)+i ous→凶狠的

ATROCITY n. 残暴，暴行(英) n. 残暴，暴行(brutalit y, cruelty)(记) atroc(阴沉,凶残)+io us→凶狠的(例) The brutal murderer committed a lot of atrocities.

ATROPHY n. v.萎缩，衰退(英) n. v.萎缩，衰退(a wasting away of body tissue)(记) a+troph(营养)+y→无 营养→衰退(同) 同根词：trophy(奖品 )(例) The disease atrophied her legs.

ATTACH v. 将某物系在(另一物) 上(英) v. 将某物系在(另一物) 上(fasten sth to sth)(记) at+tach(接触)(同) 派生词: attachment n.附着,附带(例) a young man attached himself to me at the party

ATTAIN v. 达到,实现(英) v. 达到,实现(achieve)(记) at+tain(拿住) →一再拿住→有成就(同) 派生词: attainment n.完成；成就同根词：abstain(戒 除); detain(拘留)

ATTENDANT n. 服务员,侍者(英) 服务员,侍者(person whose job is to provide a service in a public place)

ATTENTION n. 注意，留意(考) authoritative : acceptance / conspicuous : attention(权威的让人接受/引 人注目的让人注意)反义词：inadvertenc e(疏忽)

ATTENTIVE adj.留心听的，关心 的(英) adj.留心听的，关心 的(paying attention; thoughtful)(考) attentive : officious / refined : snobbish(过分关心是多管闲事 /过分文雅是假充绅士)(记) 来自attention(关注) : at+tent(拉)+ive→拉 住(注意力)→关心的

ATTENUATE v.变薄v.变薄(英) v.变薄(to make slender)；变弱(to lessen; weaken)(考) attenuate : force / debase : value / decelerate : speed(变弱减少力量/降价 减少价值/减速减少速 度)attenuate : thickness / collapse : volume / cool : temperature / debilitate :strength / enervate : vitality(变薄减少厚度/塌陷 减少体积/降温减少温 度/削弱减少力量/削 弱减少活力)refine(记) at+ten(拉)+uate→一 再拉→变弱(同) 派生词: attenuation n. 稀薄,稀释; 减弱,减少同根词：tenable(攻 得下的); tenacity(顽固, 固执)

ATTEST v.证明(英) v.证明(to declare to be true or genuine)(记) at+test(证明)→证明 ，证实(例) His success attests his ability.

ATTIC n.阁楼，顶楼(记) 比较:antic(古怪的)(同) 近形词: antic(古怪的)

ATTIRE v.穿着，装饰(英) v.穿着，装饰(to dress in fine garments)；n. 衣服(rich apparel; finery)(记) at+tire(顺序)→整理 →装扮(例) the special attire to wear at the wedding. She attired herself in expensive clothing.

ATTORNEY n.律师(英) n.律师(any person legally empowered to act as agent)(考) attorney : disbar / student : expel(取消律师资格不能做 律师/开除学籍不能做 学生)(记) at+torn(转)+ey→转 的人→能说会道的人 →律师(同) 同根词：tornado(龙 卷风)

ATTRACT v.吸引(考) repellent : attract / ephemeral : endure(讨厌的不吸引人/短 暂的不持久)

ATTRACTION n.吸引力(英) n.吸引力(power to attract; charm or fascination)(考) 反义词：repulsion( 排斥，厌恶)

ATTRACTIVE adj.有吸引力的(英) adj.有吸引力的(plea sing or interesting)(考) ravishing : attractive / perspicacious : discerning(迷人的十分有吸引力 /敏锐的十分有洞察力)(记) at(一再)+tract(拉)+ ive→一再拉过来→吸 引人的

ATTRIBUTE n.属性，品质; v.把…归于(英) n.属性，品质(a characteristic or quality)；v.把…归于(to assign or ascribe to)(考) 反义词：exculpate( 使无罪)-attribute guilt(归罪)(记) at+tribu+te(给与)→ 把…归于(同) 派生词: attribution n.归属同根词：distribute( 分发); tribute(赞扬, 贡品)(例) Jim attributes his success to hard work.

ATTRITION n.消磨，磨损(英) n.消磨，磨损(wearin g away or grinding down by friction)(记) at_trit(磨擦)+ion→ 磨损(同) 同根词：contrition( 悔恨)

ATTUNE to v.使调和，习惯于(记) at+tune(调子)→使调 子一致，tune(音调) 自身是一个单词(例) Are you attuned to new ways of thinking?

ATYPICAL adj.非典型的(英) adj.非典型的( not normal; not typical)(记) a(无,非)+typical(典 型的)

AUCTION n.拍卖(记) auct(提高)+ion→提 高价格→拍卖(同) 同根词：augment(提 高)，august(八月), auct=aug

AUDACIOUS adj.大胆的，愚勇的(英) adj.大胆的，愚勇的( daring; fearless; brave)(考) audacious : trepidation / shiftless : aspiration(大胆的不会颤抖/无 雄心的不会有热望)反义词：circumspect (慎重的)；timid(胆 小的)(记) aud(大胆)+acious(多 …的)→大胆的(例) The audacious employee asked the manager for a second raise.

AUDACITY n.大胆，鲁莽(英) n.大胆，鲁莽(temeri ty)(考) daredevil : audacity / malcontent : dissatisfaction(冒失鬼特点是鲁莽/ 不满者特点是不满)

AUDIBLE adj. 听得见的(英) adj. 听得见的(that can be heard clearly)(考) audible : stentorian / discernable : obvious(听得见的 : 洪亮的/可见的 : 明显的)(例) Her voice was scarcely audible above the noise of the wind.

AUDIT v. 审计，核对；旁听(英) v. 审计，核对(to examine and check account)(例) The company hired an accounting firm to audit the books.Some students are auditing the art class, but most are taking it for credit.

AUDITION n. (演员等)试唱、试演(英) n. (演员等)试唱、试演( a hearing to test the fitness of an actor)(考) interview : applicant / audition : actor(申请者要参加面试/ 演员要参加试听)(记) audit(听)+ion→听( 新演员)唱→试唱(同) 同根词：auditorium( 大讲堂); audit(旁听)

AUDITORY adj.听觉的

AUGER n.螺丝钻，钻孔机(记) 和anger一起记，如果 auger钻您一下，您会 很anger

AUGMENT v.增大，增值(英) v.增大，增值(to become greater; increase)(考) 反义词：abate(减少) ; abrade(磨损); decrease(降低)(记) aug(提高)+ment→提 高→增大(同) 派生词: augmentation (n.增加)(例) to augment something's value

AUGUR n.占卜师(英) n.占卜师(soothsayer )(考) augur : predict / pundit : opine(占卜师擅长预测/博 学者擅长思考)intercessor : mediate / augur : prediction / pundit : opinion(仲裁者擅长调解/占 卜师擅长预测/博学者 擅长思考)

AUGURY n.预言，征兆，占卜(英) n.预言，征兆，占卜( portent; indication)(考) worship : sacrifice / prediction : augury(用牺牲品崇拜/用占 卜预测)(记) 来自augur(v.占卜， 预言)，aug(提高)+ur y→显露出来→征兆；

AUGUST adj. 威严的,高贵的(英) adj. 威严的,高贵的(impre ssive; majestic)(记) August n.八月(八月是水果长 大的季节)

AUREOLE n.日冕, 光轮(英) n.日冕, 光轮(sun's corona; halo)

AURICULAR adj.耳的(英) adj.耳的(of the ear)(记) aur(耳，听)+icular( 形容词后缀)(同) 同根词：aural(听力 的)；auride(外耳)

AURORA n.极光(南北极夜晚所 放彩光)(同) 派生词: auroral adj.极光的

AUSPICES n.资助，赞助 (s. auspex)(英) n.资助，赞助(approv al and support; patronage)(记) au+spic(看)+es→看 到(好事)→吉兆, 赞助(同) 同根词：conspicuous (明显的); suspicious(怀疑的)

AUSPICIOUS adj.幸运的; 吉兆的(英) adj.幸运的(favored by future; successful)；吉兆的(favorable; propitious)(考) 反义词：boding ill(凶兆的)；ill-om ened(凶兆的)(记) au+spic(看)+ious→ 看到的(好事)→吉兆的(同) 同根词:conspicuous( 明显的)(例) Spring is an auspicious time for new activities.

AUSTERE adj.朴素的; (人)正经的(英) adj.朴素的(very plain; lacking ornament)(人)正经的(showing strict self discipline)(考) plain : austere / clean : sterile(十分简单是简朴/十 分干净是无菌)austere : design / laconic : speech(简朴的设计/简洁的 演讲)austere : embellish(decorate) / pure : adulterate / abstemious : indulge(简朴不装饰/纯洁不 掺假/禁欲不放纵)反义词：baroq(记) au+stere(冷)→冷面 孔→一本正经的(同) 同根词：stern(严厉 的)

AUSTERITY n.朴素，艰苦(英) n.朴素，艰苦(tight economy)(考) 反义词：ostentation (炫耀)

AUTHENTIC adj.真正的; 法律证实的(英) adj.真正的(genuine, real)；法律证实的(legally attested)(考) authenticity : fraudulent / sincerity : hypocritical(欺骗的无真实/伪善 的无诚挚)genuine : authenticity / honest : trust(真的具有真实性/诚 实的具有可信性)discompose : pacific / fabricate : authentic(使不安没有平静/捏 造没有真实)melodrama : subtlety / chime(记) aut(自己)+hent(得到 )+ic→自己得到的真 品→真正的(同) 派生词: authenticity (n.真实性,可靠性)(例) Is your diamond ring authentic?

AUTHENTICATE v.证明(某物)为真(英) v.证明(某物)为真(to prove to be genuine; confirm)(例) They authenticated the famous athlete's signature.

AUTHORITARIAN n.极权主义者(英) n.极权主义者(person who believes in complete obedience to authority)(记) 来自authority(权威 ，权力)，author(作 家，有权的人)

AUTHORITATIVE adj.权威性的; 命令式的(英) adj.权威性的(based on competent authority)命令式的(fond of giving orders; dictatorial)(考) authoritative : acceptance / conspicuous : attention(权威的容易让人接受 /明显的容易让人注意)authoritativeness : pundits / allegiance : partisans(权威人士有权威/死 党有忠诚)(记) 来自authority(权威, 权力),author(作家, 有权的人)

AUTHORITY n. 权威, 权力(考) contumacious : authority / reactionary(hidebound; conservative):chang e(innovation; novelty)(不服从的不信权威/ 保守的(死板的)不愿 意变化(改革))cornucopia : abundance / mace : authority(丰饶角象征富饶/权 杖象征权势)

AUTHORIZE v.授权; 批准(英) v.授权(empower; commission)，批准(to give official approval; accredit; license)(同) 派生词: authorization (n. 授权, 委任状)(例) I authorized the man to act for me while I was away.

AUTOBIOGRAPHY n. 自传(英) n. 自传(story of a person's life written by that person)(考) autobiography : reminisce / eulogy : praise(自传回忆/颂词赞扬)(记) auto(自己)+bio(生命 )+graphy(写) →写自己的一生→自传(同) 派生词: autobiographical adj.自传的,有关自传 的

AUTOCRAT n.独裁者(英) n.独裁者(a ruler with absolute power; dictator)(考) nominal : figurehead / absolute : autocrat(傀儡有名无实/独裁 者专制)(记) auto(自己)+crat(统 治者)→独裁者(同) 派生词: autocracy n.独裁政体同根词：democracy( 民主统治); aristocracy(贵族统 治)

AUTOMATION n.自动装置(英) n.自动装置(mechanis m that imitates actions of humans)(记) auto(自己)+mat(动)+ ion →自己动→自动化

AUTOMATISM n.无意识行动(如梦游 )(英) n.无意识行动(如梦游 )(automatic action)

AUTOMOBILE n.汽车(考) mansion : residence / limousine : automobile(公馆是豪华居所/轿 车是豪华汽车)four-poster : bed / convertible : automobile(四柱床是一种床/敞 篷车是一种车)

AUTONOMY n.自治，独立(英) n.自治，独立(self-g overnment, independent function)(考) 反义词：dependence( 依赖)(记) auto(自己)+nomy(治 理)+→自治的(同) 派生词: autonomous (adj.自治的；独立的 )

AUTOPSY n. 验尸(英) n. 验尸(examination of a dead body)(例) One of the pigs was killed and autopsied(其中一头 猪宰后剖检)

AUXILIARY adj.辅助的，协助的(英) adj.辅助的，协助的( subordinate, additional, supplementary)(记) aux=aug(提高)+iliar y(形容词后缀)→提高 的→辅助的(同) 同根词：auxin(生长 素)(例) The auxiliary power unit turned on in the storm.

AVAILABLE adj.可用的, 可得到的(英) adj.可用的, 可得到的([of things] that can be used or obtained)(记) avail(效用)+able→ 能有用的(同) 派生词: availability (n.利用的可能性; 可以利用的人或物)(例) This is the only available room.

AVALANCHE n.雪崩(英) n.雪崩(a mass of loosen snow swiftly sliding down a mountain)(记) 联想：三个a像滚下的 雪球

AVANT-GARDE n.先锋派(英) n.先锋派(new or unconventional movements in the arts)(记) 来自vanguard(前卫) ，van(前面)+guard( 卫士)

AVARICE n.贪财，贪婪(英) n.贪财，贪婪(too great a desire to have wealth; cupidity)(考) avarice : money / gluttony : food(贪财喜欢钱财/贪食 喜欢食物)(记) avar(渴望)+ice→渴 求，贪婪；avid(渴望 的)是同源词

AVARICIOUS a.贪婪的，贪心的(英) a.贪婪的，贪心的(fu ll of avarice; greedy)(考) stoic : perturb / avaricious : satisfy(镇定的无法被干扰/ 贪婪的无法被满足)(例) He is too avaricious to donate anything to the poor.

AVENGE v.为…复仇，为…报 仇(英) v.为…复仇，为…报 仇(to get revenge for)(记) a+venge(报复)(同) 同根词：vengeance( 复仇); revenge(复仇)(例) They avenged his death by burning the village.

AVER v.极力声明；断言(英) v.极力声明；断言(st ate positively; affirm)(考) 反义词：deny(否认); belie(掩饰)(记) a+ver(真实)→说出真 实→声明(同) 同根词：verity(真实 ); veracious(诚实的, 真实的)

AVERSE adj. 厌恶的，反对的(英) adj. 厌恶的，反对的(not willing or inclined; opposed)(记) a+verse(转)→转开→ 厌恶的(同) 同根词：adverse(不 利的); controversy(争论, 辩论)

AVERSION n.嫌恶，憎恨(英) n.嫌恶，憎恨(an intense dislike; repugnance; loathing)(考) aversion : disinclination / adulation : admiration(厌恶是很不喜欢/奉 承是过分赞扬)反义词：affinity(密 切关系); court(奉承); penchant(偏好); propensity(偏好)

AVERT v.避免, 防止; 避开(英) v.避免, 防止(ward off; prevent)；避开(to turn away)(记) a+vert(转)→转开→ 避免(同) 同根词: divert(转向); introvert(内向)(例) avert one's eyes. avert the disaster.

AVIARY n.大鸟笼，鸟舍(英) n.大鸟笼，鸟舍(a large cage to keep many birds)(考) arboretum : trees / aviary : birds(植物园有树供观赏/ 鸟舍有鸟供观赏)(记) avi(鸟)+ary(场所)(同) 同根词：aviation(航 空); aviatrix(女飞行员)

AVID adj.渴望的; 热心的(英) adj.渴望的(having an intense craving)；热心的(eager)(考) reverence : respect / avidity : enthusiasm(尊重是很尊敬/热望 是很热情)反义词：indifferent (不关心的)(同) 派生词: avidity (n.热望,贪婪)(例) He is avid for praise.

AVOCATION n.副业，嗜好(英) n.副业，嗜好(hobby)(记) a+vocation(职业)→ 非正规职业→副业

AVOID v.避开,躲避(英) v.避开,躲避(keep oneself away from)(考) irrevocable : repeal / ineluctable : avoid / impervious : penetrate(不能取消的就不能废 止/不能避免的就不能 避免/不能穿透的就不 能穿透)untenable : defended / inevitable : avoided(难以防守无法被防守 /不可避免无法被避免)(记) a+void(空) →弄空→避开(同) 派生词: avoidable (adj.可避免的); avoidance (n.回避,躲避)同根词: void(空, 空虚); devoid of(缺乏...的)(例) I think he is avoiding me.

AVOW v.承认; 公开宣称(英) v.承认(to acknowledge or claim);公开宣称(to declare openly)(记) a+vow(誓言)→发誓→ 承认，vow(誓言)本身 是个单词(同) 派生词: avowal (n.公开承认)(例) The prisoner avowed his guilt.

AVUNCULAR adj. 伯(叔)父的(英) adj. 伯(叔)父的(of an uncle)(记) av(女方)+uncul(叔伯 )+ar→女方的叔伯→ 伯父的;(同) 参考：uncle(叔叔)

AWARENESS n.意识,觉察; 见闻广博(英) n.意识,觉察; 见闻广博(consciousn ess)

AWASH adj. 被海水淹没的(英) adj. 被海水淹没的( flooded with sea water)(考) 反义词：dry(干燥的)(例) These rocks are awash at high tide .

AWE v.敬畏(英) v.敬畏(to cause a mixed feeling of reverence and fear)(考) redoubtable : regard(awe)/ despicable : scorn(contempt; disregard)(可怕的让人敬畏/可 鄙的让人鄙视)反义词：irreverence (不尊敬)(例) The campers were always awed by the beautiful sunset.

AWE-INSPIRING adj. 令人敬畏的

AWKWARD adj. 笨拙的,别扭的; 尴尬的(英) adj. 笨拙的,别扭的 (difficult to use);尴尬的(causing inconvenience)(考) craven : admirable / deft : awkward(畏缩的不令人敬佩/ 灵巧的不笨拙)反义词：svelte(娇美 的); lithe(柔软的)；glib (伶牙俐齿的); deft(灵巧的)(例) an awkward series of bends in the road

AWL n.(钻皮革的)尖钻(考) awl : pierce / pestle : mash(钻用来刺破/研棒用 来捣碎)(记) 比较记忆：owl(猫头 鹰)

AWNING n.遮阳蓬(考) awning : sun / umbrella : rain(遮阳蓬用来抵挡阳光 /雨伞用来抵挡下雨)

AWRY adj.扭曲的，走样的(英) adj.扭曲的，走样的( not straight; askew)(考) 反义词：orderly(有 序的); aligned(排成一行的)(记) a+wry(歪的)→扭曲的

AXE n.斧头(英) 斧子(tool with a handle and a heavy metal blade used for chopping wood.)(考) scythe : reaper / axe : woodcutter(收割者的工具是镰刀 /伐木工的工具是斧头)

AXIOM n.公理；定理(英) n.公理(maxim)；定理 (an established principle)

AXIOMATIC adj. 不需证明的，不言自 明的(英) adj. 不需证明的，不言自 明的(self-evident or aphoristic)(考) 反义词：controversi al(有争议的)

AXIS n.轴(常为虚构之线， 如地球轴)(英) n.轴(常为虚构之线， 如地球轴)(a real or imaginary straight line on which an object rotates)

AXLE n.轮轴(连接两个车轮 的轴)(英) n.轮轴(连接两个车轮 的轴)(a bar connecting two opposite wheels)(记) 记住这两个字含义的 方法；联想：axis的' i'像虚线→虚构的轴; axle的'l'像 一根车轮的轴

AZURE adj. 蔚蓝的(英) adj. 蔚蓝的(sky blue)

BABBLE v.说蠢话; 牙牙学语(英) v.说蠢话(to talk foolishly);牙牙学语(to make incoherent sounds; prattle)(考) babble : talk / simper : smile / scribble : write(胡说和说/傻笑和笑/ 胡写和写)babble : sense / parrot : originality(胡说没有理智/学舌 没有创新)反义词：express succinctly(简洁表达 )(例) The old friends babbled for hours in the cafe.

BACCHANAL n.(行为放纵的)狂欢 会(英) n.(行为放纵的)狂欢 会(a drunk carouser or party; orgy)(记) 来自Bacchus，是希腊 的酒神

BACKDROP n. 背景幕布(英) n. 背景幕布(printed cloth hung at the back of a theatre)(考) placebo : painkiller / backdrop : vista(安慰剂是一种假止痛 药/舞台背景是一种假 风景)

BACKSET n.倒退(考) 反义词: hike(远足, 涨价)

BACKSLIDE v.故态复萌(英) v.故态复萌(revert to bad habits)(记) back(向后)+slide(滑 动) →往后滑(例) I managed to keep off cigarettes for two months, but recently I'm afraid I've begun to backslide.

BACKWATER n. 死水; 闭塞地区(英) n. 死水(part of a river not reached by the current)

BACON n. 熏猪肉(英) n. 熏猪肉(salted and smoked meat)

BACTERIA n.细菌(英) n.细菌(单数: bacterium)(考) bacteria : decomposition / yeast : fermentation(细菌帮助解体/酵母 帮助发酵)sterile : bacteria / impeccable : flaws(无菌的没有细菌/无 瑕疵的没有瑕疵)enzyme : catalyst / bacterium : microbe(酶是一种催化剂/细 菌是一种微生物)host : parasite / medium : bacterium

BADGE n.徽章(如校徽等)(英) n.徽章(如校徽等)(a distinctive token, emblem, or sign)(考) chevron : badge / caisson : cart(山形袖章是一种徽章 /弹药车是一种车)(记) 比较记忆:adage(格言 )(同) 近形词: badger(獾, v.扰乱), budge(移动), barge(驳船), cadge(乞讨)

BADGER n.獾; v.一再烦扰，一再要 求(英) v.一再烦扰，一再要 求(to torment; nag)(考) badger : bother / persecute : injure / belabor : mention(纠缠是不断烦扰/迫 害是不断伤害/过分讨 论是不断提出)(例) You're always badgering me with your silly questions.

BADINAGE n.开玩笑,打趣(英) n.开玩笑,打趣(playf ul teasing)(考) 反义词：sernous conversation(严肃的 交谈)

BAFFLE v.使困惑，难倒(英) v.使困惑，难倒(to confuse; puzzle, confound)(同) 派生词: baffling (adj.令人困惑的)(例) The detective was baffled by the case.

BAIL n. 保释金; 准许保释(英) n. 保释金(money paid for a person accused of a crime)(例) The magistrate granted him bail.

BAIT n.诱饵; v.逗弄, 激怒(英) n.诱饵(lure; enticement)；v.逗弄, 激怒(to tease; to provoke a reaction)(考) 反义词：disarm(缓和 )(例) Cheese is good bait for catfish.Don't bait your little sister.

BALD adj. 秃头的(英) adj. 秃头的(having no hair; bare)(同) 近形词: bold(大胆的)

BALE n.大包裹; 灾祸，不幸(英) n.大包裹(a large bundle)；灾祸，不幸(evil; disaster)(记) bale来自ball(球)→ 大包裹，负担→不幸

BALEFUL adj.邪恶的，恶意的(英) adj.邪恶的，恶意的( harmful; ominous; deadly; sinister)(考) baleful : menace / solicitous : concern(恶意的恐吓/热切的 关心)反义词: beneficent(仁慈的)

BALK n.大方木料; v. (因困难等)不愿从事 某事(英) n.大方木料(thick, roughly-squared wooden beam);v. (因困难等)不愿从事 某事(be reluctant to tackle sth because it is difficult)(考) 反义词：move ahead willingly(自愿前进)

BALLAD n.歌谣，小曲(英) n.歌谣，小曲(a song or poem that tells a story in short stanzas)(考) ballad : stanza / novel : chapter(歌谣由歌节组成/小 说由章节组成)(记) 联想：ball(球)+ad→ 像球一样一代代滚下 来→歌谣

BALLAST n.(船等)压舱物(英) n.(船等)压舱物(anyt hing heavy carried in a ship, aircraft, or vehicle to give s tability)(考) ballast : instability / purchase : slippage(压舱物为了防止不稳 定/支点是为了防止滑 落)ballast : stability / girder : support(压舱物有稳定作用/ 横梁有支撑作用)(记) 分割记忆：ball-last , 最后的球→压舱物(例) The ships carried many tons of stone ballast.

BALLERINA n.芭蕾舞女演员(记) 由ballet+rina(女)组 成

BALLET n. 芭蕾舞(考) instrumentalist : symphony / dancer : ballet(乐器演奏者演奏交响 乐/舞者表演芭蕾舞)

BALLOON n.气球 v. 快速增加(英) v. 快速增加( to increase rapidly)(考) 反义词；decrease slowly(慢慢减少)

BALLOT n./v. 投票, 抽签

BALLROOM n.大舞厅(英) n.大舞厅(a large hall for dancing)

BALM n.香油，药膏,镇痛剂(英) n.香油，药膏(any fragrant ointment or aromatic oil)(考) antidote : poisoning / balm : irritation(解毒剂可以解除中毒 /油膏可以解除刺痒)反义词：irritant(刺 激物)

BALMY adj.(气候)温和的， 芳香的(英) adj.(气候)温和的， 芳香的(soothing, mild, pleasant)(考) 反义词：inclement( 恶劣的) ; piquant(辛辣的)(记) 来自另一个单词：bal sam(风仙花，香脂)

BANAL adj. 陈腐的(英) adj. 陈腐的(dull or stale; hackneyed; commonplace; insipid)(考) equivocation : ambiguous / platitude : banal(模棱两可特点是含糊 的/陈词滥调的特点是 陈腐的)disjointed : coherence / banal : originality(脱节的不连贯/陈腐 的不新颖)反义词：arresting( 引人注意的); novel(新奇的); trite(平庸的)(记) 联想：ban(禁止)+al →应该禁止的→陈腐的

BANALITY n.陈腐，平庸(考) 反义词：original expression(有创意的 表达)

BAND n. 带,箍; 乐队(英) n. 带,箍(thin flat strip)(考) stipple : dot / striate : band(点画由点组成/加条 纹由条纹组成)

BANDAGE n. 绷带; v.用绷带包扎(英) n. 绷带(strip of material used for binding wound )

BANDY v.顶嘴谈论(英) v.顶嘴谈论(discuss in a frivolous manner; quarrel)(例) Don't bandy words with me, young man!

BANE n.祸根(英) n.祸根(the cause of distress, death, or ruin)(考) 反义词：blessing(福 源)(记) ban(挡住)+e→挡住( 运气的)东西→祸根

BANEFUL adj.有害的，致祸的(英) adj.有害的，致祸的( causing distress; deadly; pernicious)

BANISH v. 放逐某人(英) v. 放逐某人(send sb out of the country as a punishment)(考) evict : residence / banish : country(驱逐从住处赶出/流 放从国家赶出)(例) He was banished for life .

BANISTER n.(楼梯的)栏杆(考) staircase : banister / garden : fence(楼梯需要栏杆保护/ 花园需要栅栏保护)(记) ban(挡住)+ister(东 西)→挡住的东西→栏杆

BANKRUPT adj.破产的(英) adj.破产的(unable to pay debts; insolvent)(考) 反义词: solvency(有尝债能力 )-bankruptcy(破产)(记) bank(银行)+rupt(断) →破产(同) 派生词: bankruptcy (n.破产)同根词：corruption( 腐败); interrupt(打断)

BANQUET n. 宴会,盛宴(英) n. 宴会,盛宴(elaborate formal meal)(例) a wedding banquet

BANTER n.打趣,玩笑(英) n.打趣,玩笑(playful , good-humoured teasing)(考) playful : banter / exaggerated : hyperbole(玩笑是诙谐的/夸张 法是夸张的)(同) 近形词: barter(易货贸易); batter(猛击)(例) players exchanging light-hearted banter with the crowd

BARB n.(鱼钩的)倒钩; 严厉的批评(考) barb : caustic / pan : harsh(严厉批评是尖刻的/ 痛斥是苛刻的)(记) barb原也指倒翘的胡 子，后来胡子一字变 为beard(同) 派生词: barbed adj.有倒钩的；讽刺 的

BARBAROUS adj.野蛮的; 残暴的(英) adj.野蛮的(uncultur ed crude)残暴的(cruel; brutal)(记) barbar(愚昧)+ous→ 愚昧的→野蛮的(同) 派生词: barbarity (n.残忍，残暴)

BARBECUE n.烤肉架，烤肉(记) barb(倒钩)+ecue→用 倒钩挂上肉笼→烤肉架

BARD n. 吟游诗人(英) n. 吟游诗人(poet)

BARE v. 暴露(英) v. 暴露(to make or lay bare; uncover)(考) 反义词: occult(隐藏)

BAREFACED adj.厚颜无耻的(英) adj.厚颜无耻的(sham eless; blatant; bold; unconcealed)(考) 反义词：surreptitio us(秘密的)(记) bare(空的,没有的)+f ace(脸)+ed→没脸的 →无耻的

BARGAIN v.交易, 买卖(考) debate : issue / bargain : price(争论针对问题/讨价 还价针对价格)

BARGE n.平底货船，驳船(英) n.平底货船，驳船(a large boat, usually flat bottomed)(考) locomotive : flatcar / tugboat : barge(机车拖平台货车/拖 船拖平底货船)(记) 可以和bargain(讨价 还价)一起记

BARK v.狗吠; n.树皮(英) v.狗吠(cry of a dog)；n.树皮(the outside covering of trees)(考) epidermis : mammal / bark : conifer(哺乳动物和表皮/针 叶植物和树皮)(记) GRE中主要考“树皮” 一意

BARN n.谷仓(英) n.谷仓(a farm building for sheltering harvested crops)(记) barley是'大麦'，bar n就是由barley的前半 部加'n'构成→藏大麦 的地方

BAROMETER n.气压计，晴雨表(记) baro(重压)+meter(仪 表)→气压计

BARON n.贵族;大亨，巨头(英) n.贵族(lord; nobleman)大亨，巨头( magnate)(记) baro(压)+n→压迫别 人的人→大老板

BAROQUE n. / adj. (艺术、建筑等)高度 装饰的，过分雕琢的(英) n. / adj. (艺术、建筑等)高度 装饰的，过分雕琢的( gaudily ornate)(考) 反义词：austere(简 朴的)(记) 由17世纪'巴罗克'艺 术而来，以古怪精巧 为特色

BARRAGE n. 弹幕;堰,拦河坝(英) n. 弹幕(a curtain of artillery fire)堰,拦河坝(barrier built to store water for irrigation)(考) barrage : explosives / deluge : rain(连续发炮形成弹幕/ 连续降雨形成暴雨)

BARREN adj.不育的，贫瘠的, 不结果实的(英) adj.不育的，贫瘠的, 不结果实的(sterile bare)(记) bar=bare(光光的)+ ren→一无所有的→不 孕的

BARRICADE v.设栅阻挡; n. 栅栏(英) v.设栅阻挡(to obstruct/to shut in )；n. 栅栏(any barrier or obstruction)(考) 反义词：permit passage(允许通过)(记) barric(阻止)+ade→ 阻止物→栅栏； bar作为单词意为'阻 挡'(例) The police barricaded the crime scene.

BARRIER n.路障，障碍(英) n.路障，障碍(obstru ction as of a fence, wall; obstacle)

BARRISTER n.讼务律师(英) n.讼务律师(counselo r-at-law or lawyer)

BARTER v.以物易物，易货贸 易(英) v.以物易物，易货贸 易(to give goods in return for other goods)(考) barter : commodities / correspond : letters(易货贸易是交换商品 /通信是交换信件)jog : exercise / barter : trade(慢跑是一种锻炼/易 货贸易是一种贸易)(例) Will the shopkeeper barter with you?

BASE adj. 卑鄙的(考) debase : value / attenuate : force(降价减少价值/削弱 减少力量)反义词: sublime(高尚的); virtuous(贞洁的); noble(高尚的)

BASEBOARD n.脚板, 护壁板(考) veneer : furniture / baseboard : wall(镶板装在家具上/护 壁板装在墙上)

BASEMENT n.地下室(英) n.地下室(lowest room below ground level )

BASENESS n.卑鄙(英) n.卑鄙(state of being mean)(记) base(低下,基础)+nes s(表名词) →品格低下→卑鄙

BASHFUL adj.害羞的，羞怯的(英) adj.害羞的，羞怯的( timid, easily embarrassed; shy)(记) bash(羞)+ful;(同) 同根词：abash(使… 害羞)

BASK v.晒太阳，取暖(英) v.晒太阳，取暖(to warm oneself pleasantly in the sunlight)(记) 联想：把basket去掉e t, 就是bask→拎着篮子 晒太阳(例) I like to lie on the sand, basking in the sunshine.

BASSOON n.低音管，巴松(记) bass(低)+oon→低音 管；bass本身是一个 单词，意为'低沉的声音'

BASTE v.倒脂油于(烤肉上， 以防烤干)(英) v.倒脂油于(烤肉上， 以防烤干)(to moisten［meat］with melted butter)(考) baste : dryness / caulk : moistness(浇油是为了防止干燥 /填塞是为了防止潮湿)(记) 把baste和best联想起 来:要想吃到最好的烤 肉,就把脂油倒在肉上(同) 近形词: taste(味道); paste(糨糊, 粘贴); caste(种姓制度)(例) She basted the roast frequently.

BASTION n.堡垒(英) n.堡垒(stronghold)

BATON n.指挥棒(指挥家用); 警棍(英) n.警棍(truncheon)(记) bat(打)+on→打的东 西→警棍

BATTALION n. (部队)营(英) n. (部队)营(part of a regiment or brigade)

BAUBLE n.花哨的小玩意儿； 没价值的东西(英) n.花哨的小玩意儿； 没价值的东西(a showy but worthless thing; trinket)(例) Wealth and social position are only baubles, we cannot take them with us when we die.

BAUXITE n.铝土岩(产铝的矿土 、石)(记) 源自法国地名Baux， 因产铝而知名

BAWDY adj.淫猥的(英) adj.淫猥的(indecent ; obscene; about sex in a rude funny way)(考) 反义词：decorous(端 庄的)(记) 联系bawd (鸨母)

BAWL v.大叫，大喊(英) v.大叫，大喊(to shout or call out noisily; bellow)(记) 联想: b+awl(尖钻)，被尖钻 戳到而大喊(例) The captain bawled out an order.

BAZAAR n.集市，商店集中区(英) n.集市，商店集中区( a market or street of shops)(记) 外来词，原指东方国 家的大集市，今天的 中国新疆一带仍把集 市叫”巴扎'

BEACON n. 烽火；信号灯(英) n. 烽火；信号灯(a signal light for warning or guiding)

BEAD n.小珠子(英) 小珠子(small piece of material with a hole through it, for threading wih others on a string)

BEAM n.(房屋等)大梁；光 线(英) n.(房屋等)大梁；光 线(a shaft or stream of light)(记) 分割记忆:be-am; 尤其注意GRE中常考的 “大梁”一义

BEAT v.心跳; 搅拌(英) v.心跳(pulsate, vibrate)；搅拌(to mix by stirring; whip)(考) grow : burgeon / beat : palpitate(成长和快速成长/跳 动和快速跳动)(同) 派生词: beater (n. 搅拌器)

BEATIFIC adj.祝福的，有福的(英) adj.祝福的，有福的( blissful or blessed; delightful)(记) beat(幸福)+ific→幸 福的

BEATITUDE n.至福，十分幸福(英) n.至福，十分幸福(pe rfect blessedness or happiness)

BEAVER n.水獭(记) 十分勤奋的人被叫做' eager beaver'

BEDECK vt.装饰(英) vt.装饰(to adorn)(考) 反义词: strip(剥去)

BEDIZEN v.把...装饰得华丽而 俗气(英) v.把...装饰得华丽而 俗气(dress with vulgar finery)(记) 联想: bed(床)+izen→把床 弄得华丽

BEDLAM n. 混乱，骚乱(a situation of noisy uproar and confusion)(记) 分拆联想：bed(床) + lam(想成“乱”) →没叠被子床上乱→ 混乱(反) serenity(n. 平静)

BEDRAGGLED adj.(衣服、头发等) 弄湿的，凌乱不堪的(英) adj.(衣服、头发等) 弄湿的，凌乱不堪的( made wet and dirty)(记) be+draggled(凌乱的)

BEET n. 甜菜(记) 也叫sugar beet或beet root

BEFRIEND v. 对(某人)尽朋友之道(英) v. 对(某人)尽朋友之道( act as a friend to sb)(记) be(使...成为)+frien d(朋友) →使成为朋友

BEFUDDLEMENT n. 迷惑不解(英) n. 迷惑不解(state of being confused)(记) be(使...成为)+fuddl e(使错乱)+ment→使 错乱

BEGET v.产生，引起(英) v.产生，引起(to bring into being; produce)(记) 分割记忆：be－get→ 是得到了→产生(例) Hunger begets crime.

BEGRUDGE v.吝啬，勉强给(英) v.吝啬，勉强给(to give with ill-will or reluctance)(考) taciturn : chatter / magnanimous : begrudge(沉默寡言不会喋喋不 休/心胸宽广不会嫉妒)(记) (给)be+grudge(吝啬)(同) 参考：grudge(吝啬； 怨恨)

BEGUILE v.欺骗，诱骗(英) v.欺骗，诱骗(mislea d; cheat; deceive)(记) be+guile(欺诈)→欺 骗；guile本身也是一 个常考单词(同) 派生词: beguiling (adj.欺骗的deceivin g；迷人的luring)

BEHOLD v.目睹，看见(英) v.目睹，看见(to hold in view ; look at)(记) be+hold(拿住)→被拿 住→看到(同) 派生词: beholder (n. 目睹者)(例) She screamed when she behold the mess in the kitchen.

BEHOLDEN adj.感激某人的;欠人 情的(英) adj.感激某人的;欠人 情的(obligated; indebted)(例) We were much beholden to him for his kindness.

BELABOR v.(过分冗长地)做或 说; 痛打(英) v.(过分冗长地)做或 说(to spend too much time or effort on)；痛打(to beat severely)(考) assert : belabor / tend : fuss(过分断言是罗嗦/过 分注意是大惊小怪)badger : bother / belabor : mention(纠缠是过分烦扰/冗 长说是不断提起)(记) be+labor(劳动)→不 断劳动→过分做或说(例) Let's not belabour the point.

BELATED adj. 来得太迟的(英) adj. 来得太迟的(delayed )(记) be(使...成为)+late( 迟)+ed

BELCH v./n.打嗝; v.喷出(英) v./n.打嗝; v.喷出(gush sth out)

BELEAGUER v. 围攻(英) v. 围攻(to besiege by encircling)(考) 反义词：delight(高 兴)(记) be+leaguer(围攻的部 队或兵营)→围攻

BELIE v.掩饰; 证明为假(英) v.掩饰(disguise or misrepresent)；证明为假(prove false)(考) 反义词：aver(断言); affirm(肯定)(记) be－lie(谎言)→使… 成谎言→证明…为假(例) The poor sales of the product belied our high hopes for it.

BELIEF n.信仰(考) frenetic : movement / fanatical : belief(狂乱的动作/狂热的 信仰)veer : direction / convert : belief(转变方向/改变信仰)

BELIEVABLE adj. 令人相信的(英) 可信任的(that can be trusted)(考) 反义词: implausible (难以置信的)

BELITTLE v.轻视，贬抑(英) v.轻视，贬抑(speak slightingly of ; depreciate)(记) be+little(小)→把( 人)看小→轻视(例) The reporter's comments belittled the candidate.

BELLICOSE adj.好战的，好斗的(英) adj.好战的，好斗的( eager to fight or quarrel ; warlike, belligerent)(考) imperious : servile / bellicose : peaceable(专横无奴性/好战无 和平)反义词：pacific(爱 好和平的); inclined to make peace(愿意讲和的)(记) bell(战争)+icose(形 容词后缀)→好斗的;(同) 派生词: bellicosity (n. 好斗)同根词：rebel(反叛) ; rebellion(叛乱)(例) The bellicose man threatened to hit me.

BELLIGERENT adj. (国家等)交战的; 挑衅的(英) adj. (国家等)交战的(at war)；挑衅的(bellicose, pugnacious)(同) 派生词: belligerence (n.好战性;战斗)(例) The belligerent boy was sent to the principal's office.

BELONGINGS n.所有物，财产(英) n.所有物，财产(poss essions; property)

BEMOAN v.为...悲伤, 抱怨(英) v.为...悲伤, 抱怨(express sorrow or disapproval of)(例) He bemoaned his bitter fate.

BEMUSED adj.茫然的,困惑的(英) adj.茫然的,困惑的(c onfused; preoccupied)(例) He was totally bemused by the traffic system in the city.

BENCH n. 法官席; 长凳(英) 长凳(long seat made of wood)(考) 类比； rostrum : orator / bench : judge(演讲者在讲台 上演讲/法官在法官席 上审判)(例) a park bench

BEND v. 使弯曲(英) v. 使弯曲(force sth straight into an angle)(考) bend : rigid / submerge : buoyant / dissolve : insoluble(刚毅的不会弯曲/有 浮力的不会沉没/不能 溶解的不会溶解)(例) a slight bend

BENEDICTION n.祝福; 祈祷(英) n.祝福(a blessing)；祈祷(an invocation of divine blessing)(考) 反义词：curse(诅咒)(记) bene(好)+dict(说话) +ion→说好话→祝福(同) 同根词：valediction (告别演说);maledict ion(坏话)

BENEFACTOR n.行善者，捐助者(英) n.行善者，捐助者(a person who has given financial help; patron)(记) bene(好)+fact(做)+o r →做好事的人

BENEFICENT adj. 行善的(英) adj. 行善的(showing active kindness, charitable)(考) beneficent : harm / tenacious : yield(行善的不会伤害/顽 强的不会屈服)philanthropist : beneficence / comedian : humor(慈善家特点是慈善/ 喜剧演员特点是幽默)反义词：baleful(恶 意的); noxious(有害的); toxic(有毒的)(记) bene(善,好)+fic(做) +ent→做好事的

BENEFICIAL adj.有益的，有用的(英) adj.有益的，有用的( advantageous; favorable)(考) 反义词：invidious( 招人嫉妒的)

BENEFICIARY n.受惠者;(遗产的)受 益人(英) n.受惠者(anyone receiving benefit)；(记) bene(好)+fact(做)+o r →做好事的人; fact＝fic;(同) 同根词:maleficent( 心怀叵测的)

BENEFIT n. 利益,实惠; 保险金(英) n. 利益,实惠(profit, gain);保险金(allowance of money from an insurance policy )(记) bene+fit(做) →做事后的好处

BENEVOLENT adj. 善心的，仁心的(英) adj. 善心的，仁心的(kind ly, charitable)(考) sage : wisdom / philanthropist : benevolence(哲人有智慧/慈善家 有善心)反义词: antipathy(厌恶); truculence(凶残)(记) bene(好)+vol(意志)+ ent→好意的(同) 派生词: benevolence (n. 善心，仁心)同根词: volition(意志, 决心); malevolent(恶意的)

BENIGN adj. 慈祥的(英) adj. 慈祥的(good-natured , kindly)(考) 反义词: malign(邪恶的)(记) ben(好)+ign(形容词 后缀)→好的→仁慈的；

BENISON n.祝福,赐福(英) n.祝福,赐福(blessin g)

BENT n. 特长, 爱好; adj. 弯曲的(英) n. 特长, 爱好(natural skill at sth )(考) 反义词：ineptitude( 愚笨)(例) a bent copper

BEQUEATH v.遗赠(英) v.遗赠(to leave property to another by last will)(记) be+queath(说)→说出 来把东西留给谁→遗赠(例) They bequeathed him a lot of money.

BEQUEST n. 遗产，遗赠物(考) heirloom : ancestor / bequest : testator(传家宝是祖先留下/ 遗产立遗嘱人留下)

BERATE v.猛烈责骂(英) v.猛烈责骂(to scold or rebuke severely)(记) be+rate(责骂)，rate 本身是一个单词(例) The teacher berated the students for being late.

BEREAVE v.丧亲，夺去(英) v.丧亲，夺去(to deprive; dispossess)(记) be+reave(抢夺)→抢 夺掉→丧失；reave本 身是一个单词(例) He was bereft of his beloved wife(注意用法: be bereft of).

BERRY n. 浆果(英) n. 浆果(small juicy fruit without a stone )(例) blackberry

BERSERK adj. 狂怒的，疯狂的(英) adj. 狂怒的，疯狂的(viol ent or destructive rage or frenzy)(记) ber(穿)+serk(衣服sh irt), 原指古代斯堪的纳维 亚穿衣打仗的武士， 因为胆怯发疯(例) The berserk customer started pulling items off the shelf.

BESEECH v.祈求，恳求(英) v.祈求，恳求(to ask earnestly; entreat; implore)(考) supplicant : beseeching / coquette : flirtation(恳求者恳求/卖弄风 情的女子调情)(记) be+seech(寻求seek) →寻求→恳求(例) He besought a favor of the judge.(他恳求法官给 予恩惠)

BESET v.镶嵌,困扰(英) v.镶嵌,困扰(harass from all directions)(例) The voyage was beset with dangers.

BESIEGE v.围攻，困扰(英) v.围攻，困扰(to overwhelm, harass, or beset)(记) be+siege(围攻)→围 攻；siege本身是一个 单词(例) He was besieged by doubts.

BESMIRCH v. 诽谤(英) v. 诽谤(defile; make dirty)(考) 反义词：honor(荣誉)(记) be+smirch(污点)(例) What he did besmirched his image.(他的所作所为 损害了他的形象)

BESPEAK v.显示, 表示(英) v.显示, 表示(to be indicative of ;show)(记) be+speak(讲话)→讲 出来→表示(例) His skill at singing bespeaks much good training.

BESTIAL adj.野兽的,残忍的(英) adj.野兽的,残忍的(b eastlike; brutal)(记) best=beast(野兽)

BESTOW v.给予，赐赠(英) v.给予，赐赠(to give or present as a gift)(记) be+stow(收藏)→给予 以便收藏；(例) The committee bestowed an engraved plaque on the winner.

BETOKEN v.预示,表示(英) v.预示,表示(signify ; indicate)(记) be(使...成为)+token (记号,标志) →使...成为标志→预示(例) Milder weather betokens the arrival of spring.

BETRAY v.背叛; 暴露(英) v.背叛(be a traitor to)；暴露(to reveal; indicate)(考) juggernaut : crush / quisling : betray(不可抗拒的力量摧毁 /卖国贼背叛)(记) be+tray(背叛)→背叛 ;(同) 参考：traitor(叛徒)(例) Her red face betrayed her nervousness.(脸色通 红暴露了她的不安)

BETRAYAL n. 背叛或被出卖(英) n. 背叛或被出卖(action of showing disloyalty)(记) 来自betray(v.出卖或 背叛)

BETROTH v.许配,和...订婚(英) v.许配,和...订婚(be come engaged to marry)(记) be+troth(忠诚,订婚) →和...订婚(例) Her father betrothed her to him at an early age.

BEVERAGE n.(水，酒等之外的) 饮料(英) n.(水，酒等之外的) 饮料(any liquid for drinking)(记) bever(喝)+age→喝的 东西→饮料

BEVY n. 一群(少女)(英) n. 一群(少女)(a group of girls or women)

BEWAIL v. 悲哀(英) v. 悲哀(express sorrow over sth)(记) be+wail(哭,恸哭) →使恸哭→悲哀

BEWILDER v. 迷惑, 混乱(英) v. 迷惑, 混乱(confuse)(记) be(使...成为)+wilde r(迷惑) →使...迷惑→混乱

BEWILDERING adj. 令人迷惑的; 费解的(英) adj. 令人迷惑的; 费解的( puzzling )

BEWITCH v.对...施魔法;蛊惑; 令...心醉(英) v.对...施魔法;蛊惑( cast a spell over);令...心醉(captivate )(记) be+witch(女巫;迷人 的女子) →使...被迷住(例) He was bewitched by her beauty.

BIAS n. 偏见; v. 对某人有偏见(英) n. 偏见(opinion favors one side);(考) dilettante : superficiality / partisan : bias(业余爱好者肤浅/党 派主义者有偏见)(记) bias本身就是词根: 斜→向一边倾斜→偏 见

BIBLIOGRAPHER n. 书目编制者(英) n. 书目编制者(person who compiles a list of books)(记) 来自bibliography(n. 书目提要;biblio[书] +graphy[学科]→书的 学科→书目提要)

BIBLIOGRAPHY n.文献学；参考书目(英) n.文献学；参考书目( a list of the books, articles)(考) bibliophile : books / gourmet : food(爱书者喜爱书籍/美 食家喜爱食物)(记) biblio(书)+graphy( 写)写书时用的书→参 考书目(同) 同根词：bibliophile (珍爱书籍者)

BIBULOUS adj.高度吸收的; 嗜酒的(英) adj.高度吸收的(high ly absorbent)；嗜酒的(fond of alcoholic beverages )(记) bibul(喝)+ous→好喝 的

BICKER v. 为小事争吵(英) v. 为小事争吵(quarrel about unimportant things)(例) The children are always bickering .

BID v.命令; 出价,投标(英) v.命令(command);出价,投标(offer as a price)(例) She bade him enter.

BIENNIAL adj. 两年一次的(英) adj. 两年一次的(every two years )(记) bi(两个,双)+enn(年) +ial→两年(一次)的

BIFURCATE v.分为两支，分叉(英) v.分为两支，分叉(to divide into two parts or branches)(考) 反义词：coalesce(接 合)(记) bi(两个)+furc(叉for k)+ate→分为两叉(同) 同根词:furcate(分叉 的)

BIGOT n. (宗教，政治等的)盲 信者; 心胸狭窄者，偏执的人(英) n. (宗教，政治等的)盲 信者(a person who holds blindly to a particular creed) ；心胸狭窄者，偏执的 人(a narrow minded person; zealot)(考) recluse : withdrawn / bigot : biased(隐士隐居/固执己见 者有偏见)bigot : tolerance / liar : honesty / turncoat : constancy(固执己见者无宽容/ 说谎者无诚实/变节者 无坚定不移)posturer : unaffected / bigot : tolerant(做作者不会自然/固 执己见者不会宽容)bigoted : advice /(记) 分割记忆：big－got, 得到不放的人

BIGOTRY n.顽固，偏狭

BILE n. 胆汁; 愤怒(考) insulin : pancreas / bile : liver(胰脏分泌胰岛素/肝 脏分泌胆汁)

BILINGUAL adj. (说)两种语言的(英) adj. (说)两种语言的(of two languages)(记) bi(两个)+lingu(语言 )+al→两种语言的(同) 同根词：linguistics (语言学)

BILIOUS adj. 胆汁的；坏脾气的(ba d-tempered；cross)

BILK v. 躲某人的债; 骗取(英) v. 躲某人的债(avoid paying money);骗取( cheat sb out of sth)(例) He bilked us of all our money .

BILLOW n.巨浪; 如波涛之物(英) n.巨浪(large wave of water)(记) 分拆联想：bill(钞票 ) + low(下，低) →把钞票扔下海→中 国人用钱等祭祀海神 以平息波涛近形词：bellow(v./n .怒吼，吼叫)

BILLOWING adj. 如波浪般翻滚的(英) adj. 如波浪般翻滚的(surg ing )

BIN n. 大箱子(英) n. 大箱子(large container)(记) dustbin(垃圾箱)(例) a bread bin

BIOGRAPHY n. 传记(英) n. 传记(story of a person's life)(考) portrait : painting / biography : history(肖像画是一种画/传 记是一种历史)diary : biographer / scripture : theologian(传记作家研究日记/ 神学家研究经文)(记) bio+graphy(写) →写生命→传记(同) 派生词: biographer (n.传记作家)

BIOSPHERE n. 生命层，生物圈(记) bio(生命)+sphere(球 ，圈)→生物圈(同) 同根词：atmosphere( 大气层); hemisphere(半球)

BIPED n. 二足动物(英) n. 二足动物(animal with two feet)(记) bi(二个,两)+ped(足, 脚) →两足动物(同) 同根词: centipede(蜈蚣); podiatrist(足病医生 )

BIRCH n.桦树，赤杨(同) 近形词: birth(出生); bitch(母狗)

BISHOP n. 主教(英) n. 主教(senior clergyman )(例) the Bishop of Durham

BIVOUAC n.露天营地(英) n.露天营地(camp without tents)

BIZARRE adj. 奇异的，古怪的(英) adj. 奇异的，古怪的(grot esque, fantastic)(记) 比较：bazaar(集市) ，集市上有各种古怪 的东西(例) Bazaars can be bizarre.A bizarre series of events preceded the murder.

BLACKBALL v.投反对票以阻止,排 挤(英) v.投反对票以阻止,排 挤(vote against; ostracize)

BLACKMAIL n. v.敲诈，勒索(英) n. v.敲诈，勒索(paymen t extorted by threatening)(记) black(黑)+mail(寄黑 信)→敲诈

BLADE n.刀锋，刀口(英) n.刀锋，刀口(the cutting part of a tool)(考) bit : drill / blade : razor(钻靠钻头钻/剃刀靠 刀锋剃)(记) razor(刀片)

BLAME v. 谴责, 责备(考) narcissism : love / guilt : blame(自恋是喜欢自己/内 疚是责备自己)reprove : reprimand / blame : censure(reprove severely is to reprimand / blame severly is to censure)

BLANCH v.使变白; (脸色)变苍白的(英) v.使变白(to make white)；(脸色)变苍白的(turn pale)(记) blanc(白)+h→变白(同) 参考：blank(空白的 ，空白处); bleach(漂白)(例) Her face blanched with fear at the bad news.

BLAND adj. （人）情绪平稳的; （食物）无味的(英) adj. （人）情绪平稳的 (pleasantly smooth)；（食物）无味的(insi pid))(考) 反义词：pungency(刺 激)-blandness(平淡) ; tangy(刺激性的)(记) bland本身可作词根, 意为“温和,奉承”; 参考:blandishments

BLANDISHMENTS n. 甘言劝诱，甜言蜜语(英) n. 甘言劝诱，甜言蜜语( flattering or ingratiating remarks meant to persuade)(考) blandishment : coax(cajole) / medal : honor / obstacle : impede / prevarication : deceive(甜言蜜语是为了哄骗 /奖章是为了奖励/障 碍物是为了阻碍/支吾 其词是为了欺骗)反义词: threat(恐吓)(记) （记）bland（温和） +ish(表动作)+ments →用温和的手段骗;(同) 参考：blandish（诱 骗）

BLARE v. 高声鸣叫(英) v. 高声鸣叫(to sound trumpetlike tones)(记) 和bleat（牛羊的叫声 ）来自同一词源(例) The radio is blaring, turn it off.

BLASé adj. 厌倦的; 冷漠的(考) miser : munificent / zealot : blasé(吝啬鬼不会大方的/ 狂热者不会冷漠的)

BLASPHEMY n. 亵渎，渎神(英) n. 亵渎，渎神(profane or contemptuous speech; cursing)(考) castigation : disapproval / blasphemy : irreverence(谴责表示十分不赞成 /亵渎表示十分不敬)(记) （记）blas=blame（ 责备）+phem（出现） +y→受责备的事→亵渎(同) 派生词: blasphemous (adj. 亵渎神明的)同根词：phenomenon （现象; 奇迹）

BLAST n.一阵(风); 冲击波 v.爆破(考) blast : whiff / gush : trickle(大风对微风/涌出对 滴流)

BLATANT adj. 喧哗的; 显眼的(英) adj. 喧哗的(boisterous; clamorous)；显眼的(glaringly conspicuous or obtrusive)(考) ambiguous : understand / blatant: ignore(模棱两可的难以理解 /显眼的难以忽视)blatant : arresting / odious : disgusting(炫耀的是引人注意的 /厌恶的是令人反感的)反义词：unobtrusive (不显眼的); inconspicuous(不显 眼的); unimpressive(无印象 的); subtle(微妙的)(记) blat(闲聊)+ant→侃 大山→喧哗的(同) 同根词：blatter(大 声快说)(例) blatant satisfaction(无耻的 贪欲)

BLAZON n. 纹章, 装饰; v. 精确描绘(英) n. 纹章, 装饰; v. 精确描绘(to paint or depict with accurate details)(考) blazon : adorn / pillar : support(纹章用来装饰/支柱 用来支撑)反义词: efface(抹掉)

BLEACH v. 漂白(英) v. 漂白(cause sth to become white )(例) bleach cotton,linen

BLEACHERS n.(球场的)露天座位(记) bleach(白)+ers→空 白没遮盖的座位→露 天看台;(同) 近形词：bleach(漂白 ，变白); bleak(寒冷的)

BLEAK adj. 寒冷的; 阴沉的; 阴郁的,暗淡的(英) adj. 寒冷的; 阴沉的(cold; frigid);阴郁的,暗淡的(depre ssing)(例) The future looks bleak.

BLEMISH v.损害，玷污; n.瑕疵，缺点(英) v.损害，玷污(to mar; spoil the perfection of )；n.瑕疵，缺点(defect )(考) anomaly : paradigmatic / blemish : flawless(反常不是范例的/污 点不是无瑕的)blemish : impeccable / guile : artless(反义: 玷污对无瑕/狡诈对朴 实)(记) blem(弄伤)+ish→把 …弄伤→损害，玷污(例) One illness will blemish your perfect attendance record.

BLEND v. 混合,搀和;n.不同种 类的混合物(英) v. 混合,搀和(mix different type);(例) Which blend of coffee would you like ?

BLESS v. 祝福；颂扬(英) v. 祝福；颂扬(to praise or glorify)(记) 请比较：bliss(极乐)

BLESSING n. 神恩; 祝愿(英) n. 神恩(God's favor and protection);祝愿(good wishes)(考) 反义词：bane(祸根)(例) I cannot give my blessing to such a proposal .

BLIGHT n.植物枯萎病; v.使…枯萎(英) n.植物枯萎病(any of several plant diseases);v.使…枯萎( wither)(记) 分割记忆：b－light, 植物无光便枯萎(例) A blight spread across the field of grain.

BLIGHTED adj. 枯萎的; 破旧的(英) adj. 枯萎的; 破旧的(withered)(考) 反义词：hale(强壮的 )

BLINDS n.百页窗(记) 由blind(看不见的)而 来，使外面看不见的 窗户

BLISSFUL adj. 极幸福的(英) adj. 极幸福的(extremely happy)(例) blissful ignorance

BLITHE adj.快乐的，无忧无 虑的(英) adj.快乐的，无忧无 虑的(cheerful; carefree)(考) 反义词：grave(严肃 的)(例) a blithe spirit(快乐精灵)

BLIZZARD n.暴风雪(英) n.暴风雪(a severe snowstorm)(记) 请和bizarre(古怪的) 一起记(同) 近形词: lizard(蜥蜴)

BLOATED adj. 肿胀的(英) adj. 肿胀的(swelled, as with water or air)(记) bloat=blow(吹)(例) the bloated body of a drowned animal

BLOCKADE v./n. 封锁(英) v./n. 封锁(a shutting off of a port or region)(考) filibuster : legislation / blockade : commerce(阻碍立法/阻止贸易)(记) block(阻碍)+ade→阻 碍物→封锁(例) They blockaded the roads used to supply the rebels.

BLOCKAGE n.障碍物(英) n.障碍物(thing that blocks)(例) a blockage in an artery

BLOOMING adj. 有花的; 精力旺盛的(英) adj. 有花的(having flowers);精力旺盛的(full of energy)

BLOSSOM n. 花(flower)；v. 指树木开花(to produce blossom)(例) The cherry trees blossomed earlier this year. (樱桃花今年开得早)

BLOTCH n. (皮肤上的)红斑点; (墨水等)大斑点(英) n. (皮肤上的)红斑点(pa tch or blemish on the skin)；(墨水等)大斑点(larg e blot or stain)(记) 比较：botch(弄坏， 做事拙劣)(例) a blotch on the page with coffee. red blotches on her face.

BLOUSE n. 女衬衫(英) n. 女衬衫(garment like a shirt)

BLOWHARD n.自吹自擂者(英) n.自吹自擂者(a loudly boastful person, braggard)(考) blowhard : boastful / toady : obsequious(吹牛者擅长吹牛/谄 媚者擅长谄媚)(记) 分割记忆：blow－har d: 使劲吹→吹牛者

BLUDGEON n.大头短棒(英) n.大头短棒(club; heavy-headed weapon)

BLUE adj. 忧伤的,沮丧的(英) adj. 忧伤的,沮丧的(state of depression or melancholy)

BLUEPRINT n. 蓝图; 计划,方案(英) n. 蓝图(photographic print of building plans);计划,方案(detailed plan )

BLUFF n. 虚张声势; 悬崖峭壁(英) n. 虚张声势(pretense of strength);悬崖峭壁( high cliff)(例) She threatened to sack me, but it's all a bluff.

BLUNDER v.犯大错; n.愚蠢之举(英) v.犯大错(to do clumsily; bungle);n.愚蠢之举(a foolish or stupid mistake)(考) protocol : blunder / bumper : damage(学习礼节防止愚蠢之 举/安装保险杠防止毁 坏)(记) 分割记忆：bl－under , 把bl看作blow，被打 到下面，犯了大错(例) Columbus wanted to reach India but blundered into North America.

BLUNT adj. 钝的; 直率的(英) adj. 钝的(without a sharp edge );直率的(frank and straightforward)(考) slacken : tension / blunt : sharpness(放松不再紧张/弄钝 不再锋利)反义词：hone(磨锋利 ); whet(磨快)(例) a blunt refusal

BLUR n.模糊不清的事物; v.使… 模糊(英) n.模糊不清的事物(an ything indistinct or hazy)；v.使… 模糊(to make or become hazy or indistinct)(记) 比较：slur(含糊不清 地说)(例) a very blurred photograph

BLURT v.脱口而出(英) v.脱口而出(utter impulsively)(例) He blurted out the bad news before I could stop him.

BLUSH v. 因某事物脸红; n. 因羞愧等脸上泛出的 红晕(英) 因某事物脸红(become red in the face)因羞愧等脸上泛出的 红晕(reddening of the face from shame, embarrassment)(同) 近形词: brush(画笔); flush(脸红, 冲洗); lush(青翠繁茂的)(例) She turned away to hide her blushes.

BLUSTER v. 指风猛刮(英) v. 指风猛刮(of the wind blow fiercely )(考) blustering : speak / swaggering : walk(咆哮是傲慢无礼的说 /大摇大摆是傲慢无礼 的走)pontificate : pompous / scoff : derisive / drawl : slow / /bluster : loud /prate : aimless(武断讲话特点是自大 的/嘲弄的特点是嘲笑 的/慢吞吞说的特点是 慢的/咆哮特点是大声 的/空谈特点是无目的的)(例) The gale blustered all night .

BOASTFUL adj. 指人好自夸的(英) adj. 指人好自夸的(full of self-praise)(考) blowhard : boastful / toady : obsequious(吹牛者擅长吹牛/谄 媚者擅长谄媚)

BODE v.预示(英) v.预示(to be an omen of ; presage)(记) 比较：forebode(预言 )，bodement(n.预示)(例) These weaknesses in his character boded him no good for the future.

BODYGUARD n.保镖，侍卫(英) 保镖,侍卫(a person or group of persons assigned to protect someone from harm)(考) bodyguard : person / soldier : country(保镖保护个人/士兵 保护国家)

BOG n.沼泽; v.使...陷入泥沼(英) n.沼泽(soft wet land);v.使...陷入泥沼( hinder or be hindered)(例) The tank got bogged down in the mud.

BOGGLE v. 畏缩不前; 不敢想(英) v. 畏缩不前(to hesitate)；不敢想(to be startled or frightened)(考) 反义词：embolden(使 大胆)(同) 近形词: goggle(游泳护目镜)(例) He's always boggled at murder.(谋杀之事他 想都不敢想)

BOGUS adj.假装的，假的(英) adj.假装的，假的(no t genuine; spurious)(考) 反义词：authentic( 真实的)(记) 来自一种叫'Bogus'的 机器，用来造伪钞(例) The museum quickly discovered that the painting was bogus.

BOHEMIAN n./adj.放荡不羁的( 人)(英) n./adj.放荡不羁的( 人)(unconventional)(记) 来自波西米亚人, 有流浪的传统

BOISTEROUS adj.喧闹的; 猛烈的(英) adj.喧闹的(noisy and unruly)(考) 反义词：quiet(安静 的)(记) boister(喧闹)+ous→ 喧闹的(同) 近形词：bolster(支 持); preposterous(荒谬的)(例) The friends played a boisterous game of football.

BOLSTER n.枕垫; v. 支持，鼓励(英) n.枕垫(cushion or pillow);v. 支持，鼓励(support, strengthen, or reinforce)(考) bolster : support / tackle : hoist(枕梁是用来支撑/滑 索是用来拉升)反义词：undermine( 削弱); decrease support of(减少支持); sap(削弱)(例) Dave bolstered his courage to ask for a raise.

BOLT n. 螺栓，门栓； v. 急逃(英) v. 急逃(to dash out; dart)(例) The cat bolted when it saw the dog coming.

BOLTED adj.脱离的(英) adj.脱离的(separate d)

BOMBARDMENT n.炮炸,炮轰(英) n.炮炸,炮轰(attack (as with missiles or bombs))(记) 来自动词bombard(炮 轰)

BOMBAST n.高调，夸大之辞(英) n.高调，夸大之辞(po mpous language)(考) bombast : pompous / tirade : critical / drivel : nonsensical(夸大之辞是夸大的/ 攻击性演说是批判的/ 胡说是无意义的)反义词: down-to-earth language(实事求是的 话); understated(保守地 说); unpretentious(谦逊的)(记) bomb(空洞的声音; 炸弹)+ast→唱高调(同) 派生词: bombastic (adj.唱高调的grandi loquent)

BONDAGE n. 奴役,束缚(英) n. 奴役,束缚(slavery, captivity)(记) bond(绑)+age(例) keep sb in bondage

BONNET n.圆帽，扁平软帽(记) bon(好)+net→好东西 →帽子(同) 同根词：bonny(吸引 人的); bonus(奖金)

BONUS n. 奖金,红利; 意外的好处(英) 奖金,红利(payment added to what is usual or expected)意外的好处(anything pleasant in addition to what is expected)(记) 分割记忆:bon(好)发 奖金是好事

BOOKCASE n.书橱,书柜(英) n.书橱,书柜(piece of furniture with shelves for books)(考) wardrobe : clothes / bookcase : books(衣柜用来装衣服/书 柜用来装书)

BOOKISH adj.爱读书的,好学的(英) adj.爱读书的,好学的 (fond of books and reading)

BOOM n. 繁荣昌盛时期；v.发 出深沉,有回响的声音(英) n. 繁荣昌盛时期(period of prosperity);(例) The oil market is enjoying a boom .

BOON n. 请求, 恩惠(英) n. 请求, 恩惠(request or favor)(考) 反义词: misfortune(不幸)(记) 从moon(月亮)得到boo n(恩惠)(例) a boon companion (合得来的伙伴)

BOOR n.举止粗野的人; 乡下人(英) n.举止粗野的人(a rude, awkward person)；乡下人(a peasant)(考) credulous : dupe / insensitive : boor / mischievous : imp(易上当之人轻信/鲁 钝之人感觉迟钝/顽童 顽皮)neophyte : experience / boor : sensitivity(新手缺乏经验/鲁钝 之人缺乏敏感)反义词: civil person(有礼貌的人)

BOORISH adj.粗野的(英) adj.粗野的 (like a boor; rude; ill-mannered)(考) indecorous : propriety / boorish : sensitivity(无礼的缺乏礼貌/鲁 钝的缺乏敏感)(同) 派生词: boorishness (n.粗鲁, 粗野)(例) The boorish guest ruined the banquet.

BOOST v.往上推; 增加，提高(英) v.往上推(to raise by a push)；增加，提高(to make higher)(记) boot(靴子), 用靴子往上推(同) 派生词: booster (n.支持者enthusiast ic supporter)(例) boost the morale of the soldier

BORE v.钻孔; n.孔(a hole);令人厌烦的人(英) v.钻孔(to make a hole)；n.孔(a hole);令人厌烦的人( a tiresome, dull person)(考) die : shaping / drill : boring(模子用来定型/钻用 来钻孔)

BOREDOM n. 厌烦,厌倦(英) n. 厌烦,厌倦(state of being dull)(记) bore(麻烦)+dom(表名 词) →厌烦,厌倦

BORING adj. 无趣的,乏味的(英) adj. 无趣的,乏味的(unint eresting, dull)(考) 反义词：entrancing( 使人入神的)

BOTANY n. 植物学(英) 植物学(the branch of biology that studies plants, their life, structure, growth, classification, etc.)(记) botan(草)+y→植物学(同) 派生词: botanical (adj.植物学的)

BOTCH v.(笨手笨脚地)弄坏 某事物(英) v.(笨手笨脚地)弄坏 某事物(mismanage; blow)

BOTHER v.打扰或烦扰某人(英) v.打扰或烦扰某人(ca use trouble to sb)(例) I am sorry to bother you, but could you tell me the way to the station ?

BOUDOIR n.(女人的)化妆室， 闺房(英) n.(女人的)化妆室， 闺房(a woman's bedroom)

BOULDER n.巨砾(英) n.巨砾(any large rock)(考) colossus : figurine / boulder : pebble(巨型雕像对小雕像/ 大卵石对小卵石)frond : leaf / boulder : rock(蕨类叶是一种叶子/ 大圆石是一种石头)(记) 比较:pebble(小卵石)

BOUNDARY n. 界限(英) n. 界限(line that marks a limit)(例) The fence marks the boundary between my land and hers .

BOUNDLESS adj. 无限的(英) adj. 无限的(without limits)(考) boundless : limit / impeccable : flaw(无限的没有界限/无 瑕疵的没有瑕疵)(例) boundless generosity, enthusiasm

BOUNTEOUS adj. 慷慨的; 丰富的(英) adj. 慷慨的(giving freely and generously, without restraint)；丰富的(provided in abundance; plentiful)(记) bount=bon(好)+eous →好的→慷慨的;(同) 参考：bountiful=bou nteous(例) bounteous gifts

BOUQUET n.花束; 芳香(英) n.花束(a bunch of cut flowers)；芳香(fragrance)(考) bouquet : flowers / woodpile : logs(花束由花组成/木料 堆由木头组成)singer : choir / flower : bouquet(歌手组成合唱团/花 组成花束)(记) 比较:banquet(宴会)(同) 近形词：banquet(宴 会)

BOUT n.一回合，一阵(英) n.一回合，一阵(a going and coming back again)(记) 原指农夫来回犁地， 现在指带有反复性的 活动(bouts of activity几番活动)； 比较：boutique(妇女 时装精品店→妇女反 复走的地方)

BOVINE adj. (似)牛的; 迟钝的(英) adj. (似)牛的(of an ox)；迟钝的(slow, stolid)(记) bov(牛)+ine→牛的

BOWDLERIZE v.删除(英) v.删除(expurgate)

BOWER n.凉亭，树荫下凉快 之处(英) n.凉亭，树荫下凉快 之处(a place enclosed by overhanging boughs of trees; arbor)(记) 联想：bow－er，弓： 凉亭的顶常是'弓'形的

BOYCOTT v.抵制(贸易)(英) v.抵制(贸易)(to refuse to buy, sell, or use)(考) 反义词：patronize( 资助)(记) 来自人名'Boycott'， 1897英国驻爱尔兰官 员，因拒绝降低房租( 地租)而被爱尔兰人抵 制及驱逐(ostracize)(例) All the angry customers boycotted the grocery store.

BRACE v.使稳固，架稳; n.支撑物(英) v.使稳固，架稳(to strengthen; prop up) ;n.支撑物(fastener)(记) brace原指两条手臂， 用手支撑→稳固(同) 同根词：embrace(拥 抱); bracelet(手镯)(例) I braced myself when the test scores were announced.

BRACELET n. 手镯，臂镯(记) brace(两臂) + let(小东西) →戴在手上的小东西 →手镯

BRACING adj.令人振奋的(考) 反义词: vapid(索然无味的)

BRACKET n. 托架(英) n. 托架(wooden or metal angle-shaped support)(考) buttress : wall / bracket : shelf(扶壁用来支撑墙壁/ 支架用来支撑书架)(同) 近形词: racket(球拍)

BRACKISH adj.(指水)略咸的(英) adj.(指水)略咸的(so mewhat saline)

BRAG v. 吹嘘(英) v. 吹嘘(boast)(记) bag(口袋), 'r'像一个嘴巴在吹(例) Stop bragging

BRAGGADOCIO n.大吹大擂(英) n.大吹大擂(boasting )

BRAGGART n.吹牛者(英) n.吹牛者(person who brags)

BRAID n./v. 穗子, 发辫; 编成辫子(英) 发辫(plait)

BRAKE n.刹车; v.减速，阻止(英) v.减速，阻止(to slow down or stop with a brake)(考) : divert : shunt / retard : brake(转轨转变方向/ 刹车阻止前进)(记) 是'break'的古典形式(例) Brake the car to slow down. The bicyclists braked at the stop sign.

BRAND n. 商标；烙印；v. 在某事物上打烙印(to mark sth. with a brand)(例) On big farms cattle are usually branded. (在大农场里牛都被打 上烙印)

BRANDISH v.(威胁性地)挥舞(英) v.(威胁性地)挥舞(wa ve around)(例) The demonstrators brandished banners and shouted slogans.

BRASH adj.性急的, 无礼的(考) frivolous : gravity / brash : discretion(轻浮的无庄重/急性 的无慎重)

BRASSY adj.厚脸皮的(考) 反义词: diffident(缺乏自信 的); furtive(偷偷摸摸的) ; humble(谦虚的)

BRAT n. 孩子, 顽童(英) n. 孩子, 顽童(a badly-behaved child)(记) rat(耗子), 像耗子般的小孩

BRATTISH adj.讨厌的(考) tightfisted : parsimonious / brattish : mischievous(同义: 吝啬的=吝啬的/淘气 的=淘气的)

BRAVADO n.故作勇敢，虚张声 势(英) n.故作勇敢，虚张声 势(pretended courage)(考) courageous : bravado / complimentary : fulsomeness(虚张声势是虚假勇敢 /恭维是虚假称赞)swagger : bravado / caress : affection(大摇大摆是虚张声势 的表现/爱抚是爱的表 现)(记) brav(勇敢)+ado→故 作勇敢(同) 同根词：bravura(演 出等精彩，热烈)，来 自bravo(欢呼：好极了)

BRAVERY n. 勇气, 胆量(英) n. 勇气, 胆量(being brave, courage)(例) a medal for bravery in battle

BRAVURA adj. 华美的, 炫耀技巧的(英) 华丽而雄壮的表演(br illiant or ambitious performance)(考) bravura : performance / resplendent : appearance(华美的表演/灿烂的 外表)

BRAWL v./n.争吵，打架(英) v./n.争吵，打架(a rough, noisy quarrel or fight)(记) 和下面的brawny一起 记，'强壮的'人容易' 吵架'(someone who is brawny is easy to brawl)(同) 近形词: crawl(爬行); awl(尖钻)(例) The children brawled with each other constantly.

BRAWNY adj. (人)强壮的(英) adj. (人)强壮的(strong and muscular)(记) 来自brawn(肌肉，臂 力)，注意:brown(棕 色的)(例) the brawny weightlifter

BRAZEN adj.厚脸皮的(英) adj.厚脸皮的(showin g no shame; impudent)(考) impudence : brazen / deadpan : impassive(厚颜无耻特点是厚脸 皮/无表情特点是冷漠)反义词：modest(谦虚 的)(记) braz=brass(黄铜)+en →像黄铜一样→厚颜的(同) 同根词：brazier(炭 火盆)(例) That brazen man told lie after lie. The brazen accusation was denied.

BREACH v. 违反; 毁坏; n.缺口；违反(英) v. 违反; 毁坏(break open or through);n.缺口(a broken or torn place)(考) 反义词：solder(焊接 )(记) 来自break，比较：bl each(漂白)(例) Tom breached his contract with the company.

BREADTH n. 宽度(英) n. 宽度(distance from side to side)

BREAKTHROUGH n.突破敌人防线; 重大的发现(英) n.突破敌人防线; 重大的发现(importan t discovery)

BREEDER n. 饲养员(英) n. 饲养员(person who breeds animals)(记) 来自breed(v.饲养)

BREEZEWAY n.有顶棚的通路(考) breezeway : building / stairway : floor(有顶棚的通道是建筑 物间的通道/楼梯是楼 层间的通道)

BREVITY n. 短暂; 简洁(英) n. 短暂(shortness or briefness);简洁(conciseness)(考) epitomize : brevity / embellish : ornamentation(概括的特点是简洁/ 修饰的特点是装饰)exaggeration : caricature / brevity : epigram(讽刺画的特点是夸张 /警句的特点是简洁)brevity : aphorism / distortion : caricature(格言特点是简洁/讽 刺画特点是扭曲)反义词：prolixity( 罗嗦)(记) brev(短,缩短)+ity( 状态→短的状态→短 暂,简短)

BRICKLAYER n. 砌砖盖房者(英) workman trained or skilled in building with bricks(记) brick(砖)+layer(层) →把砖一层层垒上→ 砌砖盖房者

BRIDLE n.马笼头; v.抑制，控制(英) n.马笼头(a head harness)；v.抑制，控制(to curb or control)(考) 反义词：without restraint(没有控制 的)(记) 比较bride(新娘)，在 婚后的生活中，新娘 可能给新郎上笼头(Th e bride puts a bridle on the bridegroom.)(例) Bridle your tongue and be more careful about what you say.

BRILLIANT adj. 辉煌的; 才气焕发的(英) adj. 辉煌的(shining brightly; sparkling);才气焕发的(showing keen intelligence)(考) firm : ironclad / smart : brilliant(程度:坚固和十分坚 固/聪明和才华横溢)(记) brilli(发光)+ant→ 辉煌的(同) 派生词: brilliance (n. 光辉灿烂brightness; 才华横溢intelligenc e)

BRIM n. (杯)边，缘; v. 盈满(英) n. (杯)边，缘(the topmost edge of a cup)；v. 盈满(to fill to the brim)(记) rim(边, 框); 参考: grim(严厉的, 坚定的); trim(修剪)(同) 派生词: brimful (adj.充满的，盈满的 )

BRINDLED dj.有棕色斑纹的(英) dj.有棕色斑纹的(gra yish with streaks or spots)(记) 来自brindle(n. 斑纹)

BRINK n.(峭壁的)边沿，边 缘(英) n.(峭壁的)边沿，边 缘(the edge of a steep place; verge, border)(记) 比较：blink(眨眼睛) ，在峭壁的边缘吓得 直眨眼睛(blink at the brink of a cliff)

BRISK adj. 敏捷的,活泼的; 清新健康的(英) adj. 敏捷的,活泼的(quick );清新健康的(giving a healthy feeling )(考) 反义词：ponderous( 沉重的)(例) a brisk breeze

BRISTLE n. 短而硬的毛发; v.(毛)竖起; 发怒(英) n. 短而硬的毛发(short stiff hair);v.(毛)竖起; 发怒(fur stand up stiffly in fear or anger )(考) 反义词: cower(畏缩)(同) 近形词: brittle(易碎的); gristle(n.软骨)(例) The dog's fur bristled as it sensed danger .

BRITTLE adj. 脆弱的(hard but easily broken)；声音尖利的 (sharp)(记) 分拆联想：br想成bri ng + ittle想成little→带 来很少→脆弱的人带 来很少成功派生词：brittleness (n. 脆弱 fragility)

BROACH v.开瓶; 钻洞; 提出(题目)(英) v. 提出(题目) (to start a discussion; bring up)(考) 反义词：close off(关闭)(记) 比较:breach(缺口), 开瓶时造成一缺口(ma ke a breach while broaching)(同) 近形词：breach(缺口 )，cockroach(蟑螂)(例) At last he broached the subject of their marriage to her.

BROADEN v. 使某物加宽(英) v. 使某物加宽(cause sth to become broader)(例) He broadened out in his twenties .

BROCADE n. 织锦(英) n. 织锦(fabric woven with a raise pattern of gold or silver threads)(同) 近形词: cascade(小瀑布); facade(表面, 正面)(例) brocade curtains

BROCHURE n. 小册子(英) n. 小册子(booklet or pamphlet)(例) a travel brochure

BROIL v. 烧烤(英) v. 烧烤(cook by direct heat)(例) broil chicken over a small fire(在小火上烤鸡肉 )n.v.争吵，怒骂

BROKER n. 经纪人(英) n. 经纪人(person who buys and sells things for others)(考) impresario : entertainment / broker : trade(演出经纪人经营娱乐 /贸易经纪人经营贸易)(记) pawnbroker(典当商)

BROMIDE n.平庸的人或话; 溴化物(英) n.平庸的人或话(a trite saying; platitude);溴化物(medicine as a sedative)(考) equivocation : misleading / bromide : hackneyed(模棱两可的话是误导 的/庸俗之言是陈腐的)(记) brom(臭味)+ide

BROOCH n.胸针(英) n.胸针(ornamental clasp; pin)

BROOD n. 一窝幼鸟; v.孵蛋; 冥想(英) v.孵蛋(to sit on and hatch)；冥想(to keep thinking in a distressed way)(例) She brooded over the plan, trying to find some mistakes in it.

BROOK v.容忍，忍受(英) v.容忍，忍受(to put up with; endure, bear)(考) 反义词: refuse to tolerate(拒绝容忍)(记) 通常与否定词no连用(例) He would brook no interruptions from his listeners.brook[brU:k]n.小河(英) n.小河 (a small stream)(考) twig : limb / brook : river(小树枝和树枝/小河 和河)

BROWBEAT v. 欺侮; 吓唬(英) v. 欺侮; 吓唬(bully)(考) instigator : incite / bully : browbeat(煽动者擅长煽动/欺 凌弱小者擅长欺辱)(例) They browbeat him into signing the document.

BROWSE v./n.吃嫩叶或草; 浏览(英) v./n.吃嫩叶或草(to nibble at leaves, twigs)；浏览(to look through a book casually)(记) brow=sprout(嫩叶)+s e→吃嫩叶; 参考: browser(计算机浏览 器)(例) to browse in the fields. to browse through someone's books.

BRUISE adj. 受伤, 擦伤(英) adj. 受伤, 擦伤(to injure the skin)

BRUIT v. 散布(谣言)(英) v. 散布(谣言)(spread a rumor )(考) 反义词：keep secret(保守秘密)

BRUNT n. 主要冲击力或影响(ma in impact or shock)[例] I had to bear the brunt of his anger.(我不得不忍受 他的怒火。)

BRUSHWORK n. 绘画; 笔法(英) 画家的笔法(particul ar way in which an artist paints with a brush)

BRUSQUE adj.唐突的，鲁莽的(英) adj.唐突的，鲁莽的( rough or abrupt; curt, blunt)(记) brus=brut(野兽的)+q ue→像野兽的→唐突的(同) 同根词:brutal(残忍 的)(例) brusque behavior

BRUTAL adj.残忍的; 严酷的(英) adj.残忍的(savage, violent)；严酷的(very harsh and rigorous)(同) 派生词: brutality (n.残酷，兽行)

BRUTE n.野兽; 残忍的人(英) n.野兽(an animal)；残忍的人(a person who is brutal)

BUBBLE v.起泡; n.气泡，水泡(英) v.起泡(foam; effervesce)；n.气泡，水泡(a tiny ball of air or gas in a liquid)(记) 比较babble(说急话), pebble(小卵石),pudd le(小水坑)(同) 近形词: babble(说急话)，peb ble(小卵石)，puddle (小水坑)

BUCK v. 反对; 马弓背跳跃; n. 雄鹿,雄兔(英) v. 反对(oppose, resist);n. 雄鹿,雄兔(male deer or rabbit);(考) 反义词：assent to(同意)(记) 美国口语一美圆叫 one buck.

BUCKET n. 圆桶; v. 雨倾盆而下(英) n. 圆桶(round open container);v. 雨倾盆而下(rain pour down heavily)(例) The rain bucketed down all afternoon .

BUCKLE n.皮带扣环; v. 扣紧(英) v. 扣紧(to fasten or join with a buckle)(记) buckle up扣紧安全带

BUCOLIC adj. 乡村的; 牧羊的(英) adj. 乡村的(of country life; rustic, rural)；牧羊的(pastoral)(考) 反义词：urban(城市 的)palatial : hovel / city : bucolic(富丽堂皇的:简陋的/ 城市的 : 乡村的)(记) buc(牛)+olic(养…的 )→养牛的→乡村的

BUD n. 芽; 花蕾(英) n. 芽; 花蕾(small knob from a flower)(例) Buds appear on the trees in spring .

BUDGE v.移动一点; 妥协(英) v.移动一点(to move a little)；妥协(to yield)(考) obdurate(diehard): budge / lachrymose : cheer(顽固的不会让步/悲 哀的不会高兴)(记) 比较：budget(预算) ，去掉一个't'就成了 'budge'(例) I bargained hard,but the shop owner did not budge a bit.

BUDGET n. 预算(英) n. 预算( plan of how money will be spent over a period of time)(考) regimen : health / budget : solvency(养生法可以帮助获得 健康/预算可以帮助获 得偿债能力)(例) a weekly budget

BUFFET v.把...打来打去; 自助餐(英) v.把...打来打去(str ike forcefully; slap)(例) We were buffeted by the wind and the rain.

BUFFOON n.演出时的丑角, 粗俗而愚蠢的人(考) ludicrous : buffoon / dissolute : libertine / humorous : wag(丑角特点是可笑/放 纵者特点是放纵/小丑 特点是幽默)

BUGABOO n.吓人的东西;妖怪(英) n.吓人的东西;妖怪(b ugbear; object of baseless terror)

BUGGY n.轻型马车; 婴儿车(英) n.轻型马车(a light carriage)；婴儿车(baby carriage)(记) 分割记忆: bug－gy, buggy作为形容词为' 多臭虫的'

BULB n. 植物的球茎(英) n. 植物的球茎(an underground bud as in a lily, onion)(记) 比较: light bulb(灯泡), bulb首先是圆的意思, 如bulbous(又胖又圆)

BULGE v./n. 膨胀，鼓起(英) v./n. 膨胀，鼓起(to swell; protrude or project)(考) 反义词：depressed region(凹陷的地方)(记) 比较: budge(让步), bilge(船底), bugle(军号)(同) 近形词: budge(让步), bilge(船底), bugle(军号)(例) The population bulge after the war made more schools necessary.

BULK n. 体积, 数量; 大多数; 大身躯(英) n. 体积, 数量(size, quantity);(例) He heaved(举起) his huge bulk out of the chair .

BULLETIN n. 布告,公告(英) n. 布告,公告(short official statement of news)(例) a news bulletin

BULLION n. 金条，银条(英) n. 金条，银条(gold or silver in the form of ingots)(记) 和bull(公牛)一起记, 卖公牛得金银(sell bulls to get bullions)

BULLY v. 以强欺弱，威胁; n. 欺负别人者(英) v. 以强欺弱，威胁(to hurt, frighten, or tyrannize);(考) instigator : incite / bully : browbeat(煽动者煽动/欺凌弱 小者欺辱)反义词：underdog(受 压迫者)(记) bully 古意为'情人', 在争夺情人的斗争中 总是强的打败弱的, 所以有'欺负'之意(同) n. bully(欺负别人者)(例) bullying smaller boys

BULWARK n. 堡垒，保障(英) n. 堡垒，保障(fortifie d rampart)(记) bul(厚木块 plank)+wark(工作)→ 用厚木板工作→加固, 堡垒

BUMBLE v. 说话含糊(英) v. 说话含糊(to stumble)(同) 近形词: humble(谦虚的); stumble(跌倒, 结巴地说), bumblebee(大黄蜂)

BUMP v.碰撞; n. 碰撞声(英) v.碰撞(hit or knock against);n. 碰撞声(dull sound of a blow)(例) The passengers felt a violent bump as the plane landed.

BUMPER n. 汽车前后的保险杠(考) protocol : blunder / bumper : damage(学习礼节防止犯错/ 安装保险杠防止毁坏)(记) bump(碰撞)+er防止碰 撞之物→保险杠(同) 同根词: bumpy(崎岖的)(例) bumper to bumper (水泄不通)

BUMPTIOUS adj. 傲慢的, 自夸的(考) dour : geniality / impetuous : vacillation(hesitation)/bumptious : humbleness(严厉的不亲切/冲动 的不犹豫/傲慢的不谦 逊)反义词: humble(谦逊的)

BUNGLE v. 粗制滥造; n. 拙劣的工作(英) v. 粗制滥造(do sth badly );n. 拙劣的工作(bad piece of work)(考) 反义词：bring off(顺利完成)(同) 派生词: bungler(笨手笨脚的 人)近形词: jungle(丛林); tangle(纠缠)(例) The whole job was a gigantic bungle .

BUOY n. 浮标; 救生圈；v. 支持，鼓励(英) n. 浮标(a floating object)；v. 支持，鼓励(encourag e)(考) 反义词：unsupported (无支持的)-buoyed( 支持的)(例) buoy up one's spirits(振作精神)

BUOYANT adj. 有浮力的，快乐的(英) adj. 有浮力的，快乐的(sh owing buoyancy; cheerful)(考) buoyant : sink / insoluble : dissolve(有浮力不会下沉/不 能溶解的不会溶解)bend : rigid / submerge : buoyant / dissolve : insoluble(顽固的无法弯曲/浮 动的无法下沉/难溶的 无法溶解)(记) buoy(浮标)+ant(同) 派生词: buoyancy (n. 浮动，快乐)

BURDENSOME adj. 令人困扰的(英) adj. 令人困扰的(hard to bear)(记) burden(重负)+some( 充满...的,具有...的 倾向) →成为负担的→令人 困扰的

BUREAUCRACY n. 官僚政治(英) 官僚政治(the administration of government through departments and subdivisions managed by appointed officials following an inflexible routine)(记) bureau(政府的局、处 等)+cracy(统治) →官僚政治(同) 派生词: bureaucratic (adj. 官僚的); bureaucratization (n. 官僚政治化)

BURGEON v. 迅速成长，发展(英) v. 迅速成长，发展(to grow rapidly; proliferate)(考) grow : burgeon / beat : palpitate(程度: 发展和快速发展/跳动 和快速跳动)反义词：subside(下 沉); wither(衰弱); subdue(征服)(记) burg=bud(花蕾)+eon →成长, burg 本身是单词, 意为'城、镇'→成长 的地方

BURGLAR n. 窃贼(英) n. 窃贼(person who enters a building illegally)(例) The burglar got into the house through the bedroom window.

BURIAL n. 埋葬(英) n. 埋葬(burying, esp of a dead body)(考) inter : burial / obliterate : removal(同义: 埋葬=埋葬/删节=去除 )(例) Cremation(火葬) is more common than burial in some countries .

BURLESQUE n. 讽刺或滑稽的戏剧(英) n. 讽刺或滑稽的戏剧(de risive caricature; parody)(考) doggerel : verse / burlesque : play(打油诗是一种诗/讽 刺剧是一种剧)diatribe : abuse / burlesque : mockery(攻击性演说特点是辱 骂/讽刺剧特点是嘲笑)(记) burl(玩笑)+esque→ 玩笑话→滑稽戏; 参考: burly(直率的, 粗壮的)

BURNISH v. 擦亮，磨光(英) v. 擦亮，磨光(to become shine by rubbing; polish)(考) numb : insensible / burnish : lustrous(使麻木是使没有知觉 的/磨光是使有光泽的)(记) 联想: burn(烧)+ish, 烧得发亮(同) 近形词: tarnish(使…失去光 泽); furnish(提供, 装修)

BURROW n. (兔子等)所掘的地洞; v. 挖洞(英) n. (兔子等)所掘的地洞( a hole or tunnel )；v. 挖洞(to make a burrow)(考) ditch : canyon / burrow : cavern(水沟和峡谷/小洞和 巨洞)(同) 近形词: borrow(借); furrow(犁沟, 皱纹)

BURST v. 爆裂(英) 爆破(cause sth to break violently apart)爆炸(explosion)(考) inflate : burst / pull : tear(过分膨胀导致爆裂/ 过分拉伸导致撕裂)(例) the burst of bomb

BUST n. 半身(雕)像(英) 半身(雕)像(a piece of sculpture representing the head, shoulders, and upper chest of a human body)

BUTCHER n. 屠夫; 刽子手(英) n. 屠夫; 刽子手(person who kills people brutally)(考) hammer : carpenter / knife : butcher(锤子是木匠的工具/ 刀是屠夫的工具)(例) a mindless butcher of innocent people

BUTTERFLY n. 蝴蝶; 无恒心的人(英) 蝴蝶(insect with a long thin body and four wings)无恒心的人(person who never settles down to one job for long)(例) a social butterfly

BUTTRESS n. 拱墙，拱壁; v. 支持(英) n. 拱墙，拱壁(a projecting structure built against a wall to support or reinforce it);v. 支持(to prop up; bolster)(考) strut : wing / buttress : wall / bracket : shelf(支杆用来支撑机翼/ 扶墙用来支撑墙/支架 用来支撑书架)反义词：contravene( 反驳; 违反)(记) 分割记忆: but-tress, tress 意为“一束头发”, 是GRE常考词(同) 近形词: mattress(床垫); butt(烟头)

BUXOM adj. 体态丰满的(英) adj. 体态丰满的(having a shapely, full-bosomed figure)

BYGONE adj. 过去的(英) adj. 过去的(past)(记) by(经过)+gone(过去 的) →过时的

BYLINE n.(列作者名字的)报 刊文章首行(英) n.(列作者名字的)报 刊文章首行(a line identifying the writer)(考) credits : movie / byline : article(片头字幕介绍电影的 演员/标题下署名行介 绍文章的作者)(记) by+line(字行) →第二行→大标题下 面作家姓名一行

BYPASS v. 规避，绕过(英) v. 规避，绕过(to go around instead of through)(记) by(旁边)+pass(经过) →从边上经过→绕过(例) Let's bypass the town with all its traffic.

BYPRODUCT n. 副产品; 副作用(英) n. 副产品; 副作用(side effect)(记) by(在旁边,副的)+pro duct(产品) →副产品

BYSTANDER n. 旁观者(英) 旁观者(person standing near, but not taking part, when sth happens)(记) by +stander(站立者) →站在旁边的人→旁 观者

BYZANTINE adj.像迷宫似的; 难变更的(英) adj.像迷宫似的; 难变更的(complicate d, secretive and difficult to change)(考) 反义词；straightfor word(直接的)(记) 来自拜占庭(Byzantin e)帝国, 其政治以错综复杂而 著名(例) an organization of Byzantine complexity

CABAL n.政治阴谋小集团(考) cabal : association / plot : plan(阴谋集团是秘密协会 /密谋是秘密计划)

CABINET n. 储藏柜; 内阁(英) 储藏柜(piece of furniture with drawers of storing things)(考) ruffle : shirt / molding : cabinet(装饰性花边用来装饰 衬衣/装饰性板条用来 装饰柜子)(例) a filing cabinet

CACHE n.贮藏处; v.将...藏于(英) n.贮藏处(hiding place);v.将...藏于(place sth in a cache)(记) c+ache(痛) →将痛藏于心

CACOPHONY n. 难听的声音(英) n. 难听的声音(harsh, jarring sound; dissonance )(考) cacophony : sound / glare : light / malodor : scent(刺耳是强烈声音/刺 眼是强烈光线/恶臭强 烈气味)反义词: mellifluous(声音甜 美的); dulcet(美妙的); euphonious(悦耳的)(记) caco(坏)+phony(声音 ) →声音不好(同) 派生词: cacophonous(adj. 声音难听的)同根词: euphonious(声音好听 的); symphony(交响乐)

CACTUS n. 仙人掌(同) 复数为cacti)

CADAVER n. 尸体(英) n. 尸体(a dead body; corpse)(记) cad(倒下=fall)+aver →倒下的人→尸体(同) 同根词: decadent(堕落的); cadence(节奏)

CADAVEROUS adj. 像尸体的(英) adj. 像尸体的(pale, ghastly, or gaunt and haggard)

CADENCE n.抑扬顿挫; 节奏,韵律(英) n.抑扬顿挫(rhythmic rise and fall);节奏,韵律(rhythm)

CADET n. 军校或警官学校的学 生

CADGE v. 乞讨;占便宜(英) v. 乞讨;占便宜(get sth from sb by asking)(考) 反义词：earn(挣钱)(同) 近形词: badge(徽章); budge(移动, 退让)(例) Could I cadge a lift with you

CAFFEINE n. 咖啡因(英) n. 咖啡因(stimulant drug found in tea coffee beans)(考) nicotine : tobacco / caffeine : coffee(烟草中含有尼古丁/ 咖啡中含有咖啡因)

CAJOLE v.（以甜言蜜语）哄 骗(英) v.（以甜言蜜语）哄 骗(to coax with flattery; wheedle)(考) blandishment : cajole / obstacle : impede(甜言蜜语为了哄骗/ 障碍物为了阻挡)(记) caj=cage(笼子)+ole →把(鸟)诱入笼子→ 哄骗; 参考: blandishments(甜言 蜜语诱惑)(同) 派生词: cajolery (n.劝诱,蒙骗coaxing )

CALAMITY n. 大灾祸，不幸之事(英) n. 大灾祸，不幸之事(an y extreme misfortune)(记) calam(破坏destructi on)+ity→大灾祸(同) 派生词: calamitous (adj. 造成灾祸的)

CALCIFICATION n. 人体组织的钙化; 寡情(考) 反义词： flexibility(柔软)(记) 来自calcify(n.钙化, 僵化;calc[石头]+ify)

CALCIFY v. 使硬化，钙化(英) v. 使硬化，钙化(to change into a hard, stony substance)(记) calc(石头)+ify→石 化→硬化(同) 同根词: calcination(煅烧石 灰), calculus(结石)

CALCIUM n. 钙(考) calcium : mineral / sugar : carbohydrate(钙是一种无机元素/ 糖是一种碳水化合物)

CALCULABLE adj. 可计算的, 可估计的(英) adj. 可计算的, 可估计的(that can be deduced)

CALCULATE v. 计算, 估计(英) v. 计算, 估计(to work sth out by using numbers)(考) abacus : calculate / sextant : navigate(算盘用来计算/六分 仪用来航海)(例) calculate the cost of sth

CALCULATED adj. 蓄意的(英) adj. 蓄意的(intentional)(例) a calculated insult

CALCULATING adj. 深谋远虑的，精明的(英) adj. 深谋远虑的，精明的( shrewd or cunning; scheming)

CALCULUS n. 微积分学(英) 微积分学(branch of mathematics, divided into two parts that deals with problems involving rates of variation)

CALDRON n.(煮汤用的)大锅(英) n.(煮汤用的)大锅( large kettle)(例) The witch stirred her caldron.

CALF n.小牛,犊;小牛皮革(英) n.小牛,犊(young of cattle)

CALIBRATE v. 量…口径； 校准(英) v. 量…口径(to determine the calibre of)(考) measure : dimensions / calibrate : diameter / plumb : depth(测量大小/测量直径/ 测量深度)反义词：unstandardi zed(未校准的)(记) calib原指鞋匠的楦子 , 楦子使鞋子标准

CALIBRE n.(枪等)口径；(人或 事)品德，才能(英) n.(枪等)口径；(人或 事)品德，才能(value , quality or ability)

CALIPERS n. 测径器,双脚规(英) n. 测径器,双脚规(instr ument for measuring the diameter of tubes or round objects)

CALLIGRAPHY n. 书法(英) n. 书法(handwriting)(考) calligraphy : scribble / sonnet : doggerel(乱涂乱写不是书法/ 打油诗不是十四行诗)(记) call=kall(美丽)+gra phy(写) →写美丽的字→书法

CALLOUS adj. 结硬块的; 无情的(英) adj. 结硬块的(thick and hardened)；无情的(lacking pity; unfeeling)(记) 来自callus(老茧)

CALLOUSED adj. 无感觉的; 茧子的(英) adj. 茧子的(of the skin hardened)(记) 来自callous(adj.冷 漠的,无感觉的;call[ 硬皮]+ous)

CALLOW adj. (鸟)未生羽毛的; (人)未成熟的(英) adj. (鸟)未生羽毛的(unfl edged)；(人)未成熟的(immatu re)(考) frank : secretiveness / callow : maturity(坦率不坦率/不成熟 对成熟)反义词：behaving with adult sophistication(成熟 老练地做事)(记) callow来自中古英文c all，意为bald(秃的)

CALORIE n. 卡路里; 热卡(英) 卡路里(unit for measuring a quantity of heat)大卡,千卡(unit for measuring the energy value of food)(考) heat : calories / liquid : gallons / power : watt / sound : decibel / electricity : volt(卡路里是热量单位/ 加仑是液体体积单位/ 瓦是动力单位/分贝是 声音单位/伏特是电单位)(记) 联系词根calori(热)c alorie(热卡)(同) 派生词: calorific (adj. 生热的)

CALORIMETER n. 热量计(考) heat : calorimeter / distance : odometer(热量计用来测量热度 /里程表用来测量距离)(记) calori(热)+meter(测 量) →测量热的仪器→热 量计